In this study,aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO)thin films were deposited onto a low-temperature polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate using DC magnetron sputtering.Deposition parameters included power range of 100-300...In this study,aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO)thin films were deposited onto a low-temperature polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate using DC magnetron sputtering.Deposition parameters included power range of 100-300 W,a working pressure of 15 mTorr,and a substrate temperature of 50°C.Post-deposition,flash lamp annealing(FLA)was employed as a rapid thermal processing method with a pulse duration of 1.7 ms and energy density of 7 J·cm-2,aimed at enhancing the film's quality while preserving the temperature-sensitive PET substrate.FLA offers advantages over conventional annealing,including shorter processing times and improved material properties.The structural,optical,and electrical characteristics of the AZO films were assessed using X-ray diffraction,field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,and Hall effect measurements.The results demonstrated that properties of AZO films varied with deposition and annealing conditions.Films deposited at 200 W and subjected to FLA exhibited superior crystallinity,with average visible light transmittance exceeding 80%and resistivity as low as 0.38Ω·cm representing 95%improvement in transmittance.Electrical analysis revealed that carrier concentration,mobility,and resistivity were influenced by both sputtering and annealing parameters.These findings underscore the effectiveness of FLA in optimizing AZO thin film properties,highlighting potential in optoelectronics applications.展开更多
Solar insecticidal lamps(SIL) can effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides. Combining SIL and Internet of Things(IoT) has formed a new type of agricultural IoT,known as SIL-IoT, which can improve the...Solar insecticidal lamps(SIL) can effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides. Combining SIL and Internet of Things(IoT) has formed a new type of agricultural IoT,known as SIL-IoT, which can improve the effectiveness of migratory phototropic pest control. However, since the SIL is connected to the Internet, it is vulnerable to various security issues.These issues can lead to serious consequences, such as tampering with the parameters of SIL, illegally starting and stopping SIL,etc. In this paper, we describe the overall security requirements of SIL-IoT and present an extensive survey of security and privacy solutions for SIL-IoT. We investigate the background and logical architecture of SIL-IoT, discuss SIL-IoT security scenarios, and analyze potential attacks. Starting from the security requirements of SIL-IoT we divide them into six categories, namely privacy, authentication, confidentiality, access control, availability,and integrity. Next, we describe the SIL-IoT privacy and security solutions, as well as the blockchain-based solutions. Based on the current survey, we finally discuss the challenges and future research directions of SIL-IoT.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intestinal colic is a common complication in patients who have undergone radical surgery for colorectal cancer.Traditional Chinese medicine has advantages,including safety and stability,for the treatment of...BACKGROUND Intestinal colic is a common complication in patients who have undergone radical surgery for colorectal cancer.Traditional Chinese medicine has advantages,including safety and stability,for the treatment of intestinal colic.Lamp irra-diation for abdominal ironing has been applied in the treatment of many gas-trointestinal diseases.Purple gromwell oil has the effects of clearing heat,cooling blood,reducing swelling,and relieving pain.RESULTS The general effective rate in the observation group was 95.00%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(86.67%,P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the duration of symptoms between the groups(P>0.05).After 1,2,3,and 4 d of treatment,the duration of symptoms in both groups were decreased,and the duration in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(96.54±9.57 vs 110.45±11.23,87.26±12.07 vs 104.44±11.68,80.45±16.21 vs 99.44±14.95,73.18±15.58 vs 92.17±14.20;P<0.05).After 1,3,5,and 7 d of treatment,the NRS scores in both groups were decreased,and the NRS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(3.56±0.41 vs 4.04±0.58,3.07±0.67 vs 3.74±1.02,2.52±0.76 vs 3.43±0.85,2.03±0.58 vs 3.03±0.82;P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reaction occurrence between the groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The use of lamp irradiation combined with purple gromwell oil gauze in patients with intestinal colic after radical surgery for colorectal cancer can reduce symptom duration,alleviate intestinal colic,and improve treatment efficacy,and this approach is safe.It is worth promoting the use of this treatment in clinical practice.展开更多
Biofiltration may have clogging problems owing to excess biomass growth during the treatment of gaseous pollutants.In this study,we employed an UV(Ultraviolet)lamp and controlled the nutrient supply to conduct a biofi...Biofiltration may have clogging problems owing to excess biomass growth during the treatment of gaseous pollutants.In this study,we employed an UV(Ultraviolet)lamp and controlled the nutrient supply to conduct a biofiltration process for treating 2-butanone(MEK:Methyl Ethyl Ketone)and toluene in a gas stream.Two methods of UV lamp usage(direct and indirect irradiation)and several nutrient supply methods were tested.However,no clear effect was observed with either UV usage.Under the optimal conditions,97%of the MEK and 69%of the toluene gases were removed after 29 s of EBRT(Empty Bed Retention Time).The inlet loads were 18 and 19 mg/(m^(3)·h)for MEK and toluene,respectively.Under these conditions,23 g-N/(m^(3)·day)of nitrate-nitrogen was consumed.Excess biomass growth occurred during simultaneous excess nutrient supply and a persistent irrigation schedule.In this study,we demonstrated the effective use of a dense nitrate solution to deliver an appropriate amount of nutrients and moisture,and the optimal irrigation frequency was four times per week.展开更多
To improve the reliability of the light emitting diode(LED)signal lamp filament current monitoring alarm instrument for metro systems,a new type of hot standby online monitoring apparatus was developed which is based ...To improve the reliability of the light emitting diode(LED)signal lamp filament current monitoring alarm instrument for metro systems,a new type of hot standby online monitoring apparatus was developed which is based on synchronous transmission data(STD)bus technology.In this system,a double hot standby mode can be achieved by adopting bus arbitration.In addition,to detect the effective value of alternating current which is from 0 to 200 mA in the signal lamp lighting circuit,a precision rectifier signal conditioning circuit and an isolated acquisition circuit were designed.This new type of alarm instrument has high detection accuracy and could meet the functional requirements for metro signal systems after comparing it with some industry products that were applied on the spot.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to introduce characters of light sources and select the optimal lamp scheme for floral production in greenhouses. [Method] With chrysanthemum cuttings as materials, HPSL, energy-saving fluoresc...[Objective] The aim was to introduce characters of light sources and select the optimal lamp scheme for floral production in greenhouses. [Method] With chrysanthemum cuttings as materials, HPSL, energy-saving fluorescent lamp, and LED agricultural lamp were made use of to carry out field tests in order to compare practical effects according to light characters of different lamps and plant growth de-mands. [Result] The results show that LED lamp performed the best of the three in practical use. LED square lamp designed in bat-wing shape would be the most ben-eficial for lamp distribution in a greenhouse. [Conclusion] LED agricultural lamp is the most popular currently, for it is energy saving and easy for operation.展开更多
基金supported by the MOTIE (Ministry of Trade,Industry,and Energy)in Korea,under the Fostering Global Talents for Innovative Growth Program (P0017308)supervised by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT)+1 种基金supported by the MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT),Korea,under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center)support program (IITP-2024-2020-0-01655)supervised by the IITP (Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation).
文摘In this study,aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO)thin films were deposited onto a low-temperature polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate using DC magnetron sputtering.Deposition parameters included power range of 100-300 W,a working pressure of 15 mTorr,and a substrate temperature of 50°C.Post-deposition,flash lamp annealing(FLA)was employed as a rapid thermal processing method with a pulse duration of 1.7 ms and energy density of 7 J·cm-2,aimed at enhancing the film's quality while preserving the temperature-sensitive PET substrate.FLA offers advantages over conventional annealing,including shorter processing times and improved material properties.The structural,optical,and electrical characteristics of the AZO films were assessed using X-ray diffraction,field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,and Hall effect measurements.The results demonstrated that properties of AZO films varied with deposition and annealing conditions.Films deposited at 200 W and subjected to FLA exhibited superior crystallinity,with average visible light transmittance exceeding 80%and resistivity as low as 0.38Ω·cm representing 95%improvement in transmittance.Electrical analysis revealed that carrier concentration,mobility,and resistivity were influenced by both sputtering and annealing parameters.These findings underscore the effectiveness of FLA in optimizing AZO thin film properties,highlighting potential in optoelectronics applications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62072248, 62072247)the Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund (CX(21)3060)。
文摘Solar insecticidal lamps(SIL) can effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides. Combining SIL and Internet of Things(IoT) has formed a new type of agricultural IoT,known as SIL-IoT, which can improve the effectiveness of migratory phototropic pest control. However, since the SIL is connected to the Internet, it is vulnerable to various security issues.These issues can lead to serious consequences, such as tampering with the parameters of SIL, illegally starting and stopping SIL,etc. In this paper, we describe the overall security requirements of SIL-IoT and present an extensive survey of security and privacy solutions for SIL-IoT. We investigate the background and logical architecture of SIL-IoT, discuss SIL-IoT security scenarios, and analyze potential attacks. Starting from the security requirements of SIL-IoT we divide them into six categories, namely privacy, authentication, confidentiality, access control, availability,and integrity. Next, we describe the SIL-IoT privacy and security solutions, as well as the blockchain-based solutions. Based on the current survey, we finally discuss the challenges and future research directions of SIL-IoT.
文摘BACKGROUND Intestinal colic is a common complication in patients who have undergone radical surgery for colorectal cancer.Traditional Chinese medicine has advantages,including safety and stability,for the treatment of intestinal colic.Lamp irra-diation for abdominal ironing has been applied in the treatment of many gas-trointestinal diseases.Purple gromwell oil has the effects of clearing heat,cooling blood,reducing swelling,and relieving pain.RESULTS The general effective rate in the observation group was 95.00%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(86.67%,P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the duration of symptoms between the groups(P>0.05).After 1,2,3,and 4 d of treatment,the duration of symptoms in both groups were decreased,and the duration in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(96.54±9.57 vs 110.45±11.23,87.26±12.07 vs 104.44±11.68,80.45±16.21 vs 99.44±14.95,73.18±15.58 vs 92.17±14.20;P<0.05).After 1,3,5,and 7 d of treatment,the NRS scores in both groups were decreased,and the NRS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(3.56±0.41 vs 4.04±0.58,3.07±0.67 vs 3.74±1.02,2.52±0.76 vs 3.43±0.85,2.03±0.58 vs 3.03±0.82;P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reaction occurrence between the groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The use of lamp irradiation combined with purple gromwell oil gauze in patients with intestinal colic after radical surgery for colorectal cancer can reduce symptom duration,alleviate intestinal colic,and improve treatment efficacy,and this approach is safe.It is worth promoting the use of this treatment in clinical practice.
文摘Biofiltration may have clogging problems owing to excess biomass growth during the treatment of gaseous pollutants.In this study,we employed an UV(Ultraviolet)lamp and controlled the nutrient supply to conduct a biofiltration process for treating 2-butanone(MEK:Methyl Ethyl Ketone)and toluene in a gas stream.Two methods of UV lamp usage(direct and indirect irradiation)and several nutrient supply methods were tested.However,no clear effect was observed with either UV usage.Under the optimal conditions,97%of the MEK and 69%of the toluene gases were removed after 29 s of EBRT(Empty Bed Retention Time).The inlet loads were 18 and 19 mg/(m^(3)·h)for MEK and toluene,respectively.Under these conditions,23 g-N/(m^(3)·day)of nitrate-nitrogen was consumed.Excess biomass growth occurred during simultaneous excess nutrient supply and a persistent irrigation schedule.In this study,we demonstrated the effective use of a dense nitrate solution to deliver an appropriate amount of nutrients and moisture,and the optimal irrigation frequency was four times per week.
文摘To improve the reliability of the light emitting diode(LED)signal lamp filament current monitoring alarm instrument for metro systems,a new type of hot standby online monitoring apparatus was developed which is based on synchronous transmission data(STD)bus technology.In this system,a double hot standby mode can be achieved by adopting bus arbitration.In addition,to detect the effective value of alternating current which is from 0 to 200 mA in the signal lamp lighting circuit,a precision rectifier signal conditioning circuit and an isolated acquisition circuit were designed.This new type of alarm instrument has high detection accuracy and could meet the functional requirements for metro signal systems after comparing it with some industry products that were applied on the spot.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(11DZ1141400)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to introduce characters of light sources and select the optimal lamp scheme for floral production in greenhouses. [Method] With chrysanthemum cuttings as materials, HPSL, energy-saving fluorescent lamp, and LED agricultural lamp were made use of to carry out field tests in order to compare practical effects according to light characters of different lamps and plant growth de-mands. [Result] The results show that LED lamp performed the best of the three in practical use. LED square lamp designed in bat-wing shape would be the most ben-eficial for lamp distribution in a greenhouse. [Conclusion] LED agricultural lamp is the most popular currently, for it is energy saving and easy for operation.
