Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with unclear pathogenesis. Currently, there are no disease-modifying neuron-protecting drugs to slow down the neuronal degeneration. Mutations in the leu...Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with unclear pathogenesis. Currently, there are no disease-modifying neuron-protecting drugs to slow down the neuronal degeneration. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause genetic forms of PD and contribute to sporadic PD as well. Disruption of LRRK2 kinase functions has become one of the potential mechanisms underlying disease-linked mutation-induced neuronal degeneration. To further characterize the pharmacological effects of a reported LRRK2 kinase inhibitor, LDN-73794, in vitro cell models and a LRRK2 Drosophila PD model were used. LDN-73794 reduced LRRK2 kinase activity in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, LDN-73794 increased survival, improved locomotor activity, and suppressed DA neuron loss in LRRK2 transgenic flies. These results suggest that inhibition of LRRK2 kinase activity can be a potential therapeutic strategy for PD intervention and LDN-73794 could be a potential lead compound for developing neuroprotective therapeutics.展开更多
Achieving land degradation neutrality(LDN)worldwide is a significant target of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG15.3).Inner Mongolia,as a typical dryland region in northern China,has carried out several large-scale...Achieving land degradation neutrality(LDN)worldwide is a significant target of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG15.3).Inner Mongolia,as a typical dryland region in northern China,has carried out several large-scale ecological restoration programs to combat land degradation.However,there is a lack of comprehensive assess-ment of its land degradation situation after ecological programs implementation,which is of great significance to supporting SDG15.3 in China.This study analyzed the land degradation situation using the improved SDG15.3.1 calculation framework based on fine resolution data in Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2020,and finally compre-hensively evaluated the land status of the whole region and those subject to ecological programs.The results show that net land restoration proportion of various ecological project regions and whole region continues to increase.The scope of the Grain for Green Program(GGP)had the largest proportion of net land restoration while the Natural Reserve Program(NRP)had the lowest proportion from 2000 to 2020.The net land restoration area of Inner Mongolia during 2000-2010 and 2010-2020 was 35,800 km 2 and 65,300 km 2,respectively.Overall,Inner Mongolia has achieved statistically zero growth in land degradation under the governance of ecological restora-tion programs.Therefore,reasonable planning,well monitoring,and timely assessment of ecological restoration programs are crucial to support SDG15.3.展开更多
Chronic pain is a multifaceted debilitating experience often associated with significant physical and emotional burden. Low dose naltrexone (LDN) has gained attention in recent years for its potential utility in the m...Chronic pain is a multifaceted debilitating experience often associated with significant physical and emotional burden. Low dose naltrexone (LDN) has gained attention in recent years for its potential utility in the management of fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and painful diabetic neuropathy. LDN’s analgesic effects have been associated with its ability to increase the production of endorphins while reducing the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. This meta-analysis aims to systematically review and synthesize the available evidence on efficacy of LDN as an analgesic in pain syndromes, with a focus on chronic (neuro) inflammatory diseases. The goal is to provide clinicians with a more comprehensive estimate of the effectiveness of LDN as a non-opioid option for managing chronic pain and guide future research in the area. Thirteen randomized control trials, published from 1990 to 2022, were selected for the analysis that satisfied inclusion criteria. The overall effects in these studies were calculated using the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the LDN and placebo groups. We found an overall SMD of -10.77 (95% CI: -13.96 to -7.58) with a p-value of 0.002. This indicated that the LDN group experienced a statistically significant reduction in pain compared to placebo. This meta-analysis provides evidence for the potential efficacy of low dose naltrexone in reducing pain and enhancing analgesia in various pain syndromes. LDN may be a useful treatment option for patients suffering from chronic pain, particularly with fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, or diabetic neuropathy. However, further research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of low dose naltrexone for chronic pain conditions, especially with larger sample sizes, standardized dosing regimens and treatment durations.展开更多
飞机噪声评价方法的多元化反映了机场噪声问题的复杂性,我国采用计权等效连续感觉噪声级L_(WECPN),而国际上广泛采用昼夜等效声级L_(dn)。我国建筑室内噪声评价量采用的是等效声级L_(eq),与计权等效连续感觉噪声级难以横向比较。为了解...飞机噪声评价方法的多元化反映了机场噪声问题的复杂性,我国采用计权等效连续感觉噪声级L_(WECPN),而国际上广泛采用昼夜等效声级L_(dn)。我国建筑室内噪声评价量采用的是等效声级L_(eq),与计权等效连续感觉噪声级难以横向比较。为了解决机场噪声影响区的噪声治理适用标准问题,首先对L_(WECPN)、L_(dn)和L_(eq)三者的内涵进行分析,通过实测数据分析L_(WECPN)与另两个评价量之间的关系,证明L_(WECPN)与L_(dn)之间在数值上存在13 d B的差距,给出L_(WECPN)与相应的昼间和夜间等效声级L_(eq)上限值的对应关系,并分析背景噪声对评价量的影响。展开更多
文摘Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with unclear pathogenesis. Currently, there are no disease-modifying neuron-protecting drugs to slow down the neuronal degeneration. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause genetic forms of PD and contribute to sporadic PD as well. Disruption of LRRK2 kinase functions has become one of the potential mechanisms underlying disease-linked mutation-induced neuronal degeneration. To further characterize the pharmacological effects of a reported LRRK2 kinase inhibitor, LDN-73794, in vitro cell models and a LRRK2 Drosophila PD model were used. LDN-73794 reduced LRRK2 kinase activity in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, LDN-73794 increased survival, improved locomotor activity, and suppressed DA neuron loss in LRRK2 transgenic flies. These results suggest that inhibition of LRRK2 kinase activity can be a potential therapeutic strategy for PD intervention and LDN-73794 could be a potential lead compound for developing neuroprotective therapeutics.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.41991232 and 42171318)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Achieving land degradation neutrality(LDN)worldwide is a significant target of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG15.3).Inner Mongolia,as a typical dryland region in northern China,has carried out several large-scale ecological restoration programs to combat land degradation.However,there is a lack of comprehensive assess-ment of its land degradation situation after ecological programs implementation,which is of great significance to supporting SDG15.3 in China.This study analyzed the land degradation situation using the improved SDG15.3.1 calculation framework based on fine resolution data in Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2020,and finally compre-hensively evaluated the land status of the whole region and those subject to ecological programs.The results show that net land restoration proportion of various ecological project regions and whole region continues to increase.The scope of the Grain for Green Program(GGP)had the largest proportion of net land restoration while the Natural Reserve Program(NRP)had the lowest proportion from 2000 to 2020.The net land restoration area of Inner Mongolia during 2000-2010 and 2010-2020 was 35,800 km 2 and 65,300 km 2,respectively.Overall,Inner Mongolia has achieved statistically zero growth in land degradation under the governance of ecological restora-tion programs.Therefore,reasonable planning,well monitoring,and timely assessment of ecological restoration programs are crucial to support SDG15.3.
文摘Chronic pain is a multifaceted debilitating experience often associated with significant physical and emotional burden. Low dose naltrexone (LDN) has gained attention in recent years for its potential utility in the management of fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and painful diabetic neuropathy. LDN’s analgesic effects have been associated with its ability to increase the production of endorphins while reducing the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. This meta-analysis aims to systematically review and synthesize the available evidence on efficacy of LDN as an analgesic in pain syndromes, with a focus on chronic (neuro) inflammatory diseases. The goal is to provide clinicians with a more comprehensive estimate of the effectiveness of LDN as a non-opioid option for managing chronic pain and guide future research in the area. Thirteen randomized control trials, published from 1990 to 2022, were selected for the analysis that satisfied inclusion criteria. The overall effects in these studies were calculated using the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the LDN and placebo groups. We found an overall SMD of -10.77 (95% CI: -13.96 to -7.58) with a p-value of 0.002. This indicated that the LDN group experienced a statistically significant reduction in pain compared to placebo. This meta-analysis provides evidence for the potential efficacy of low dose naltrexone in reducing pain and enhancing analgesia in various pain syndromes. LDN may be a useful treatment option for patients suffering from chronic pain, particularly with fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, or diabetic neuropathy. However, further research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of low dose naltrexone for chronic pain conditions, especially with larger sample sizes, standardized dosing regimens and treatment durations.
文摘研究目的:归纳阐释土地退化平衡(LDN)对国土空间生态保护修复的理论意蕴,回答LDN导向下国土空间生态保护修复的路径选择。研究方法:逻辑推理法、归纳演绎法。研究结果:(1)LDN具有鲜明的时空特征和明确的响应层次,并遵循“同类平衡(Like for Like)”与“一票否决(One out-All out)”原则。(2)新形势下土地资源的空间载体、生态本底、安全保障、服务双碳目标等功能得到拓展,客观上要求生态保护修复协调好尺度与格局、要素与系统、食物与生态、减排与增汇之间的关系。(3)LDN对生态保护修复的理论意蕴包括多尺度嵌套的动态平衡、多目标权衡的系统治理、多手段协同的实现路径。(4)基于LDN的国土空间生态保护修复策略包括:构建“功能—尺度”与“要素—系统”相耦合的LDN目标函数,引导生态保护修复目标量化;制定螺旋递进式“分区管控—分级治理—分类施策”的管理策略,促进自然与行政区划在空间上的有效衔接;建立“干预管制—激励竞争—强制倒逼—差别治理”协同的保障机制,协调“自然—社会—政府—市场”等多部门关系。研究结论:LDN在国土空间生态保护修复实践中具有积极的理论意义与现实价值,能够将原本抽象的概念具化、空洞的目标量化、感性的修复理性化。
文摘飞机噪声评价方法的多元化反映了机场噪声问题的复杂性,我国采用计权等效连续感觉噪声级L_(WECPN),而国际上广泛采用昼夜等效声级L_(dn)。我国建筑室内噪声评价量采用的是等效声级L_(eq),与计权等效连续感觉噪声级难以横向比较。为了解决机场噪声影响区的噪声治理适用标准问题,首先对L_(WECPN)、L_(dn)和L_(eq)三者的内涵进行分析,通过实测数据分析L_(WECPN)与另两个评价量之间的关系,证明L_(WECPN)与L_(dn)之间在数值上存在13 d B的差距,给出L_(WECPN)与相应的昼间和夜间等效声级L_(eq)上限值的对应关系,并分析背景噪声对评价量的影响。
