基于5-LOX/LTB4信号通路探讨黄芩苷/栀子苷对PM_(2.5)暴露致血管内皮功能障碍的干预作用及其机制

目的基于5-LOX/LTB4信号通路探究黄芩苷/栀子苷(BC/GD)对PM_(2.5)诱导的血管内皮功能障碍的改善作用及其机制。方法利用离体肌张力描记技术测定BC/GD对不同状态下血管环张力的影响。将32只大鼠随机分为对照组、PM_(2.5)组、30 mg·kg^(-1)BC/GD组和60 mg·kg^(-1)BC/GD组,利用气管滴注法构建PM_(2.5)暴露模型,持续2个月,造模1个月后灌胃给予对应药物,持续1个月,末次给药后,HE染色观察肠系膜动脉血管内皮状态;化学发光法检测肠系膜动脉活性氧(ROS)水平;硝酸还原酶法检测一氧化氮(NO)水平;ELISA法检测血清炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、白三烯B4(LTB4)水平;Western blot法检测5-脂氧酶(5-LOX)、内皮细胞一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)蛋白表达。结果BC/GD对基础状态的肠系膜动脉血管环张力无明显影响,但能明显舒张由5-HT预收缩的血管环;一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-NAME、环氧合酶抑制剂INDO或L-NAME+INDO均能明显抑制BC/GD的血管舒张作用,但L-NAME的抑制作用更明显;50、100 mg·mL^(-1)PM_(2.5)能降低血管环对乙酰胆碱(ACh)的舒张血管效应,而BC/GD能明显改善PM_(2.5)诱导的舒张效应减弱。与对照组相比,PM_(2.5)组大鼠肠系膜动脉内皮完整性严重受损、内皮皱缩,大鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、LTB4水平显著升高、TGF-β1水平显著降低,肠系膜动脉组织中5-LOX、iNOS蛋白表达明显增加,eNOS蛋白表达降低,ROS水平升高,NO水平降低。与PM_(2.5)组相比,BC/GD能改善内皮损伤程度和完整性,可显著降低血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、LTB4水平,升高TGF-β1水平;明显降低肠系膜动脉5-LOX、iNOS表达,升高eNOS蛋白表达;降低ROS水平,升高NO水平。结论BC/GD可通过抑制5-LOX/LTB4信号通路表达,从而降低ROS水平,抑制炎性损伤,上调eNOS表达,下调iNOS表达,升高血管中NO水平,改善PM_(2.5)诱导的血管内皮功能障碍。

CgLOX4基因在长牡蛎幼虫发育中的表达特征

为研究长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)LOX4基因(CgLOX4)在幼虫发育中的表达特征,采用PCR技术扩增CgLOX4的全长cDNA序列,利用荧光定量PCR和整体免疫荧光技术检测CgLOX4在幼虫不同发育时期的表达特征。结果表明:CgLOX4的cDNA全长为1 862 bp,开放阅读框为834 bp,可编码277个氨基酸,等电点为8.36,预测其氨基酸序列只含有一个保守的HOX结构域;CgLOX4在长牡蛎成体各组织中均有表达,其中在闭壳肌中的表达量显著高于肝胰腺、鳃、血淋巴、性腺和唇瓣组织(P<0.05);CgLOX4在所检测的早期胚胎中均有表达,其中在受精卵和4细胞期的表达量相对较高;CgLOX4阳性信号主要分布在担轮幼虫壳形成区、D型幼虫内脏团和壳顶幼虫消化腺中。研究表明,CgLOX4是长牡蛎早期发育过程中较早激活的转录因子之一,可能在调控幼虫壳形成和消化器官形成等方面发挥重要作用。

JA-mediated MYC2/LOX/AOS feedback loop regulates osmotic stress response in tea plant

Osmotic stress caused by low-temperature,drought and salinity was a prevalent abiotic stress in plant that severely inhibited plant development and agricultural yield,particularly in tea plant.Jasmonic acid(JA)is an important phytohormone involving in plant stress.However,underlying molecular mechanisms of JA modulated osmotic stress response remains unclear.In this study,high concentration of mannitol induced JA accumulation and increase of peroxidase activity in tea plant.Integrated transcriptome mined a JA signaling master,MYC2 transcription factor is shown as a hub regulator that induced by mannitol,expression of which positively correlated with JA biosynthetic genes(LOX and AOS)and peroxidase genes(PER).CsMYC2 was determined as a nuclei-localized transcription activator,furthermore,ProteinDNA interaction analysis indicated that CsMYC2 was positive regulator that activated the transcription of CsLOX7,CsAOS2,CsPER1 and CsPER3via bound with their promoters,respectively.Suppression of CsMYC2 expression resulted in a reduced JA content and peroxidase activity and osmotic stress tolerance of tea plant.Overexpression of CsMYC2 in Arabidopsis improved JA content,peroxidase activity and plants tolerance against mannitol stress.Together,we proposed a positive feedback loop mediated by CsMYC2,CsLOX7 and CsAOS2 which constituted to increase the tolerance of osmotic stress through fine-tuning the accumulation of JA levels and increase of POD activity in tea plant.

Improving the performance of LOX/kerosene upper stage rocket engines

Improved liquid rocket engine cycles were proposed and analyzed via comparison with existing staged combustion and gas-generator cycles.The key features of the proposed cycles are regenerative cooling of thrust chamber by oxygen and subsequent use of this oxygen for driving one or two oxygen pumps.The fuel pump(s)are driven in a conventional manner,for example,using a fuel-rich gas-generator cycle.Comparison with staged combustion cycle based on oxygen-rich pre-burner showed that one of the proposed semi-expander cycles has a specific impulse only on 0.4%lower while providing much lower oxygen temperature,more efficient tank pressurizing system and built-in roll control.This semi-expander cycle can be considered as a more reliable and cost-effective alternative of staged combustion cycle.Another semi-expander cycle can be considered as an improvement of gas-generator cycle.All proposed semi-expander cycles were developed as a derivative of thrust chamber regenerative cooling performed by oxygen.Analysis of existing oxygen/kerosene engines showed that replacing of kerosene regenerative cooling with oxygen allows a significant increase of achievable specific impulse,via optimization of mixture ratio.It is especially the case for upper stage engines.The increasing of propellants average density can be considered as an additional benefit of mixture ratio optimization.It was demonstrated that oxygen regenerative cooling of thrust chamber is a feasible and the most promising option for oxygen/kerosene engines.Combination of oxygen regenerative cooling and semi-expander cycles potentially allows creating the oxygen/kerosene propulsion systems with minimum specific impulse losses.It is important that such propulsion systems can be fully based on inherited and well-proven technical solutions.A hypothetic upper stage engine with thrust 19.6 kN was chosen as a prospective candidate for theoretical analysis of the proposed semi-expander cycles.The newly-developed software RECS was used for the comparative analysis of engine cycles.

钩吻脂氧合酶基因GeLOX1的鉴定及低温胁迫表达分析

近年来,钩吻(Gelsemium elegans)的药用和饲用价值日益凸显,但钩吻在生长过程中不耐低温,挖掘其低温响应基因,为钩吻的抗寒育种研究奠定基础。植物中,脂氧合酶(lipoxygenase, LOX)在种子老化、抗逆境胁迫等方面的生理生化过程中有重要影响。基于课题组构建的钩吻转录组数据库,挖掘响应低温胁迫的钩吻LOX基因,运用RT-PCR技术,从中克隆到一条GeLOX1的cNDA全长序列,对其进行生物信息学、亚细胞定位、基因表达、原核表达及平板胁迫等分析。结果显示,GeLOX1所编码蛋白的氨基酸长度为761 aa,蛋白相对分子质量为87.00 kD,预测为不稳定的亲水性蛋白,含有28个丝氨酸磷酸化位点,22个苏氨酸磷酸化位点和9个酪氨酸磷酸化位点。进化树分析结果表明,GeLOX1属于9-LOX家族的成员。亚细胞定位检测结果显示,GeLOX1蛋白定位于细胞质中。实时荧光定量PCR分析发现,GeLOX1在钩吻的根中高表达,且其在4℃低温胁迫下的表达量呈现下调的趋势。经原核表达诱导后,GeLOX1的重组蛋白在约111 kD处出现目标条带,且重组蛋白的积累量在诱导8 h时达到峰值。此外,平板胁迫试验表明,GeLOX1的原核表达菌株相较于对照组对低温胁迫更敏感。钩吻GeLOX1能够应答低温胁迫。

Extraction of Zr(IV) from hydrochloric acid with tri-octyl amine and Cyanex 921 in kerosene

This article reports the extraction of zirconium （IV） from aqueous HC1 solution by tri-octyl amine （TOA）, Cyanex 921, and their binary mixture using kerosene as the diluent. The effect of some parameters on the extraction of Zr（IV） was investigated such as equilibration time, aqueous phase acidity, extractant molarity, chloride ion concentration, nature of diluents, and temperature. The extraction of Zr（IV） was found to be 99% from 7.5 M HC1 using the mixture of extractants containing 0.1 M TOA and 0.02 M Cyanex 921 in kerosene. Kerosene was found to be the effective diluent for the extraction of Zr（IV） with the binary mixture of TOA and Cyanex 921. The positive enthalpy change and positive entropy change in the binary extraction system show the endothermic process with an increase in entropy. Stripping of Zr（IV） from the loaded organic phase containing the mixture of TOA （0.1 M） and Cyanex 921 （0.02 M） indicates that HNO3 and Na2CO3 are the best stripping agents.

Performance of supersonic model combustors with staged injections of supercritical aviation kerosene

Supersonic model combustors using two-stage injections of supercritical kerosene were experimentally investigated in both Mach 2.5 and 3.0 model combustors with stagnation temperatures of approximately 1,750 K. Supercritical kerosene of approximately 760 K was prepared and injected in the overall equivalence ratio range of 0.5-1.46. Two pairs of integrated injector/flameholder cavity modules in tandem were used to facilitate fuel-air mixing and stable combustion. For single-stage fuel injection at an upstream location, it was found that the boundary layer separation could propagate into the isolator with increasing fuel equivalence ratio due to excessive local heat release, which in turns changed the entry airflow conditions. Moving the fuel injection to a further downstream location could alleviate the problem, while it would result in a decrease in combustion efficiency due to shorter fuel residence time. With two-stage fuel injections the overall combustor performance was shown to be improved and kerosene injections at fuel rich conditions could be reached without the upstream propagation of the boundary layer separation into the isolator. Furthermore, effects of the entry Mach number and pilot hydrogen on combustion performance were also studied.

Experimental research on the instability propagation characteristics of liquid kerosene rotating detonation wave

In order to study the instability propagation characteristics of the liquid kerosene rotating detonation wave(RDW),a series of experimental tests were carried out on the rotating detonation combustor(RDC)with air-heater.The fuel and oxidizer are room-temperature liquid kerosene and preheated oxygenenriched air,respectively.The experimental tests keep the equivalence ratio of 0.81 and the oxygen mass fraction of 35%unchanged,and the total mass flow rate is maintained at about 1000 g/s,changing the total temperature of the oxygen-enriched air from 620 K to 860 K.Three different types of instability were observed in the experiments:temporal and spatial instability,mode transition and re-initiation.The interaction between RDW and supply plenum may be the main reason for the fluctuations of detonation wave velocity and pressure peaks with time.Moreover,the inconsistent mixing of fuel and oxidizer at different circumferential positions is related to RDW oscillate spatially.The phenomenon of single-double-single wave transition is analyzed.During the transition,the initial RDW weakens until disappears,and the compression wave strengthens until it becomes a new RDWand propagates steadily.The increased deflagration between the detonation products and the fresh gas layer caused by excessively high temperature is one of the reasons for the RDC quenching and re-initiation.

Numerical study on non-uniform heat transfer deterioration of supercritical RP-3 aviation kerosene in a horizontal tube

The convective heat transfer of supercritical-pressure RP-3(Rocket Propellant 3)aviation kerosene in a horizontal circular tube has been numerically studied,focusing mainly on the non-uniform heat transfer deterioration along the circumferential direction.The governing equations of mass,momentum and energy have been solved using the pressure-based segregated solver based on the finite volume method.The re-normalization group(RNG)k-εturbulence model with an enhanced wall treatment was selected.Considering the heat conduction in the solid wall,the mechanism of heat transfer deterioration and the buoyancy effect on deteriorated heat transfer were discussed.The evolution of secondary flow was analyzed.Effects of the outer-wall heat flux,mass flux,pressure and tube thermal conductivity on heat transfer were investigated.Moreover,the buoyancy criterion and the heat transfer correlation were obtained.Results indicate that the poor flow performance of near-wall fluid causes the pseudo-film boiling,further leads to the heat transfer deterioration.The strong buoyancy has an effect of enhancing the heat transfer at the bottom of tube,and weakening the heat transfer at the top of tube,which results in the non-uniform inner-wall temperature and heat flux distributions.Decreasing the ratio of outer-wall heat flux and mass flux,increasing the pressure could weaken the heat transfer difference along the circumferential direction,while the effect of thermal conductivity of tube on the circumferential parameters distributions is more complicated.When the buoyancy criterion of(Grq/Grth)max≤0.8 is satisfied,the effect of buoyancy could be ignored.The new correlations work well for non-uniform heat transfer predictions.

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper,the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE)are numerically investigated,and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation,instabilities,and propulsive performance.A hybrid MPI t OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC)systems.A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa,1.5 MPa,2 MPa,and the equivalence ratio of 0.9,1,1.4 are simulated.On one hand,the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves.The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure(1 MPa)and weakened with the increase of the total pressure.The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse.On the other hand,the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities,while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit.It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition.Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9,1,and 1.4.The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases,which is around 2700 s.The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.

Characteristics of compressible flow of supercritical kerosene

In this paper, compressible flow of aviation kerosene at supercritical conditions has been studied both numerically and experimentally. The thermophysical properties of supercritical kerosene are calculated using a 10- species surrogate based on the principle of extended corresponding states （ECS）. Isentropic acceleration of supercritical kerosene to subsonic and supersonic speeds has been analyzed numerically. It has been found that the isentropic relationships of supercritical kerosene are significantly dif- ferent from those of ideal gases, A two-stage fuel heating and delivery system is used to heat the kerosene up to a tem- perature of 820 K and pressure of 5.5 MPa with a maximum mass flow rate of 100 g/s. The characteristics of supercritical kerosene flows in a converging-diverging nozzle （Laval nozzle） have been studied experimentally. The results show that stable supersonic flows of kerosene could be established in the temperature range of 730 K-820 K and the measurements in the wall pressure agree with the numerical calculation.

Kerosene-fueled supersonic combustion modeling based on skeletal mechanisms

A brief review of the recent advances in kerosene-fueled supersonic combustion modeling is present by comparing the fuels,reviewing the kinetic mechanisms,and introducing recent modeling results.The advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen and kerosene for the scramjet combustor are compared to show that kerosene is a more viable fuel option for a Mach number range of 4-8.However,detailed kinetic mechanisms for kerosene,which usually contain thousands of elementary reactions,must be significantly reduced for use in modeling.As of this writing,the smallest skeletal kerosene mechanism has only 19 species and 53 reversible reactions.In contrast to pioneer models based on global chemistry,the current kerosene-fueled supersonic combustion models based on reduced/skeletal chemistry are classified as second-stage.The influence of kinetic mechanisms,global equivalence ratios,inlet Mach number,geometric shape,and domain symmetry are reviewed based on high-fidelity models and available measurements.With the advances in computational technology,models with accurate descriptions of both flow and chemistry are becoming a promising,indispensable approach for the study of supersonic combustion.

Experimental study on propagation characteristics of rotating detonation wave with kerosene fuel-rich gas

In this study, kerosene fuel-rich gas produced by the combustion in the gas generator was used as the fuel and oxygen-rich air was used as the oxidant to investigate the propagation characteristics of the rotating detonation wave (RDW). The initiation of the kerosene fuel-rich gas and propagation process of the RDW were analyzed. The influences of the oxygen content in the oxidizer, kerosene mass flow rate of the gas generator, and temperature of the kerosene fuel-rich gas on the propagation process of the RDW were studied. The experimental results revealed that the propagation velocity of the RDW could be improved by increasing the three parameters mentioned above with the kerosene mass flow rate as the strongest factor. The minimum oxygen content that could successfully initiate and maintain the stable propagation of the RDW was 32%, achieving the RDW velocity of 1141.9 m/s. The RDW mainly propagated as two-counter rotating waves and a single wave when the equivalent ratios were 0.62–0.79 and 0.85–0.87, respectively. The highest RDW velocity of 1637.2 m/s was obtained when the kerosene mass flow rate, oxygen content, and equivalent ratio were 74.6 g/s, 44%, and 0.87, respectively.

Oxidative Desulfurization of Non-hydrotreated Kerosene Using Hydrogen Peroxide and Acetic Acid

The oxidative desulfurization of a real refinery feedstock (i.e.,non-hydrotreated kerosene with total sulfur mass content of 0.16%) with a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid was studied.The influences of various operating parameters including reaction temperature (T),acid to sulfur molar ratio (nacid/nS),and oxidant to sulfur molar ratio (nO/nS) on the sulfur removal of kerosene were investigated.The results revealed that an increase in the reaction temperature (T) and nacid/nS enhances the sulfur removal.Moreover,there is an optimum nO/nS related to the reaction temperature and the best sulfur removal could be obtained at nO/nS=8 and 23 for the reaction temperatures of 25 and 60°C,respectively.The maximum observed sulfur removal in the present oxidative desulfurization system was 83.3%.

LOX1在胃癌中的表达及其促肿瘤生长的机制探讨

目的:探讨血凝素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1(lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1,LOX1)在胃癌中的表达及与预后相关性,同时明确其促胃癌生长作用及潜在机制。方法:利用人类癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)、基因表达汇编(GEO)和癌症细胞系百科全书(CCLE)数据库分析LOX1在胃癌组织和细胞中的表达水平;利用多种统计方法分析LOX1表达水平与胃癌患者预后及临床特征的相关性;通过质粒转染敲低LOX1,进一步应用细胞功能实验(CCK-8、克隆形成、EdU实验)探究LOX1对胃癌细胞增殖能力的调控作用;通过Western blot、qPCR、免疫荧光分析LOX1对NF-κB信号通路激活的调控作用。结果:LOX1在胃癌组织和细胞中显著高表达;高水平LOX1提示胃癌患者预后较差且肿瘤较易发生转移;敲低LOX1显著抑制肿瘤细胞增殖;敲低LOX1显著抑制胃癌细胞中NF-κB信号通路的激活。结论:LOX1通过激活NF-κB信号通路对胃癌细胞增殖能力具有调控作用;LOX1可作为生物标记物提示患者预后;靶向LOX1可作为潜在胃癌治疗新方案。

Selection of the Bacteria Being Able to Degrade Kerosene and Study on the Growth Conditions of the Bacteria

[Objective] The study aimed at selecting the predominant strains being able to degrade kerosene and studying its best growth conditions. [Method] Choosing kerosene as the only carbon source, we selected and separated the predominant strains being able to degrade kerosene from the contaminated soil near petrochemical plants, and then optimized the grow conditions of the bacteria. [Result] The best conditions for the bacteria growth were determined as follows, that is, temperature was 30 ℃, pH=7, salinity was 2.5%, and the rotational speed of the thermostatic shake was 190 r/min. Under the optimal conditions, the degradation rate of kerosene by the bacteria cultured for three days reached 42.6%. [Conclusion] The research could provide scientific references for the restoration of polluted soil by kerosene.

Environmentally Harmful Low Density Waste Plastic Conversion into Kerosene Grade Fuel

Plastics wastes from a municipal solid waste (MSW) plant have a high-energy content and are suitable for fuel generation. Thermal cracking is one of the possible ways to obtain petrochemical feedstock from polymer wastes. Municipal waste plastic of LDPE conversion to kerosene grade fuel experiments were carried out under atmospheric conditions at temperatures between 150℃ and 420℃. Low density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic waste (Code #2) was thermally depolymerized in batch process into stainless steel reactor without adding catalyst. The maximum kerosene grade fuel yield is 30%, other grade fuel 60%, light gas 6% and left over residue 4%. The composition, sulphur and Btu value of liquid products were determined by ASTM method. Produced fuel was analyzed by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometer and FT-IR. Very high conversions from LDPE waste plastic to kerosene grade fuel (up to 35%) were obtained while using this technique. Detailed product analyses and characterization lead to a reasonable explanation of reaction pathways and mechanisms.

Lithium Ion Extraction from the High Ration Mg/Li Salt Lake Brine with Ionic Liquid in Triisobutyl Phosphate and Kerosene

1 Introduction As the lightest metal with the unique properties of energy production and storage,lithium is regarded as the new century energy metal.Lithium and its compounds were widely used in various industrial fields,especially in

Exposure to Emissions from Kerosene Cooking Stoves and the Pulmonary Health Status of Women in Olorunda Community, Ibadan, Nigeria

Exposure to high PM10 by women and children for hours on a daily basis in poor ventilated kitchen may lead to respiratory morbidity among this vulnerable group. In Nigeria, data on the levels of air pollutants associated with kerosene stove combustion are very scarce. Like-wise little had been documented on the pulmonary health of women exposed to kerosene stove emission. This study was carried out to measure the levels of kerosene combustion emissions within kitchen environments and also assess the pulmonary function status of the exposed women at baseline. Particulate matter (PM10) and gaseous emissions (GE) were measured in six purposively selected clusters of regular kerosene stove users (KSU) using gravimetric sampler and gas monitors, respectively and their values compared with WHO guideline limits. 167 randomly selected KSU were surveyed to elicit their socio demographic features. A spirometer was used to assess the lung function status (FEV1) of 72 KSU in six neighbourhood kitchen clusters. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s correlation tests. Respondents’ mean age was 38 + 12.9 years. Mean duration of exposure to GE was 18.9 + 9.8 years. Mean PM10 was 248.1 + 14.1 μg/m3 and ten folds higher than WHO guideline limit of 25 μg/m3. Mean GE in ppm were: CO (0.00), CO2 (200.1 + 12.4), SO2 (0.01 + 0.00) and NO2 (0.00). Mean FEV1 among KSU was 2.0 + 0.5 litres which was significantly lower than the mean predicted value of 2.7 ± 0.5 litres. There was a negative correlation between PM10 and FEV1 (r = -0.7539, p > 0.05). Safer cooking methods and practices to obviate health hazards are advocated.

Performance of a Score-Stove with a Kerosene Burner and the Effect of Pressurization of the Working Fluid

Score-StoveTM a clean-burning cooking stove that also generates electricity was tested using a pressurized kerosene burner. The Score-Stove works on the principle of thermo-acoustics to gen- erate small-scale electricity. The device having hot-end, cold-end and regenerator acts in a way similar to a stirling cycle generating acoustic power, which is then converted to electricity using a linear actuator. It can supply small power for applications such as LED lighting, mobile phone charging and radios particularly in rural areas without grid electricity as well as improving house- hold air pollution. After assessing the needs of the rural communities through a survey, tea-stalls and small restaurants owners were identified as clients with the most potential of using the stove in Bangladesh. Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology ((BUET) modified a Score- Stove to use both wood and a pressurized kerosene burner of a design that is widely used for cooking in rural areas of Bangladesh. The design was adapted to meet performance needs such as: heating rate, cooking efficiency, energy distribution, electric power generation, exhaust emissions and time taken to boil water using standardized water boiling tests. Performance was also compared with conventional (non-electrically generating) stoves that use a pressurized kerosene burn- er. The Score-Stove performance was then evaluated while increasing the pressure of the sealed working fluid (air in this case) from atmospheric to about 1.4 bar. The pressurization was found to almost double the power generation. An arrangement for utilizing cooling water waste heat was also devised in order to improve the thermal performance of the stove by 18%. Technical deficiencies are documented and recommendations for improvements and future research in order to obtain wider end-user acceptance are made.