Low intensity shockwave (LiSW) treatment is known to improve revascularization. The method has been evaluated and is used to treat vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). The present study aimed to demonstrate the eff...Low intensity shockwave (LiSW) treatment is known to improve revascularization. The method has been evaluated and is used to treat vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). The present study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of a linear focused piezoelectric shockwave device (Richard Wolf/ELvationPiezowave<sup>2</sup>) to treat patients with vasculogenic ED using a novel linear shockwave tissue coverage LSTC-ED<sup><sup>®</sup> </sup>technique. A total of 75 patients were treated using the Piezowave<sup>2</sup> device and the LSTC-ED<sup><sup>®</sup></sup> technique. Patients’ erectile function was evaluated using the modified IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function) scale at the beginning of treatment and at 1 month post treatment;patients were additionally questioned using our own Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ). The study also included a group of 50 patients treated by placebo;the outcomes of both groups were compared. The average IIEF-5 score of patients in the treatment group increased from 14.4 at baseline to 18.6 at 1 month post treatment. According to the IIEF-5 scale, treatment was successful in 81.33% of patients (61/75). According to the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (answers 1 to 3 of the TSQ), treatment was successful in 77.3% of patients (58/75). In the placebo group of 50 patients only 5 patients showed an improvement based on IIEF score, and 8 reported an improvement based on their answers to the TSQ. No significant adverse effects were observed during treatment or in the follow-up period. The Piezowave<sup>2</sup> device and the LSTC-ED<sup><sup>®</sup> </sup>technique proved to be suitable and effective to treat erectile dysfunction.展开更多
贝尔实验室提出的分层空时码(layered space-ti me code,LSTC)主要基于空分复用思想,它的主要目的是提高系统频谱效率;而其它空时码(space-ti me code,STC),如空时分组码(space-ti me block code,STBC)、空时格码(space-ti me trellis c...贝尔实验室提出的分层空时码(layered space-ti me code,LSTC)主要基于空分复用思想,它的主要目的是提高系统频谱效率;而其它空时码(space-ti me code,STC),如空时分组码(space-ti me block code,STBC)、空时格码(space-ti me trellis code,STTC)等主要基于发射分集。它们主要利用空间分集带来的增益,包括分集增益和编码增益来对抗无线信道的各种衰落。本文从信道容量角度评估各种空时编码的性能,同时将其和相同收发天线数下多输入输出(Multiple input multiple output,MI MO)系统的信道容量进行对比。展开更多
文摘Low intensity shockwave (LiSW) treatment is known to improve revascularization. The method has been evaluated and is used to treat vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). The present study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of a linear focused piezoelectric shockwave device (Richard Wolf/ELvationPiezowave<sup>2</sup>) to treat patients with vasculogenic ED using a novel linear shockwave tissue coverage LSTC-ED<sup><sup>®</sup> </sup>technique. A total of 75 patients were treated using the Piezowave<sup>2</sup> device and the LSTC-ED<sup><sup>®</sup></sup> technique. Patients’ erectile function was evaluated using the modified IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function) scale at the beginning of treatment and at 1 month post treatment;patients were additionally questioned using our own Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ). The study also included a group of 50 patients treated by placebo;the outcomes of both groups were compared. The average IIEF-5 score of patients in the treatment group increased from 14.4 at baseline to 18.6 at 1 month post treatment. According to the IIEF-5 scale, treatment was successful in 81.33% of patients (61/75). According to the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (answers 1 to 3 of the TSQ), treatment was successful in 77.3% of patients (58/75). In the placebo group of 50 patients only 5 patients showed an improvement based on IIEF score, and 8 reported an improvement based on their answers to the TSQ. No significant adverse effects were observed during treatment or in the follow-up period. The Piezowave<sup>2</sup> device and the LSTC-ED<sup><sup>®</sup> </sup>technique proved to be suitable and effective to treat erectile dysfunction.
文摘贝尔实验室提出的分层空时码(layered space-ti me code,LSTC)主要基于空分复用思想,它的主要目的是提高系统频谱效率;而其它空时码(space-ti me code,STC),如空时分组码(space-ti me block code,STBC)、空时格码(space-ti me trellis code,STTC)等主要基于发射分集。它们主要利用空间分集带来的增益,包括分集增益和编码增益来对抗无线信道的各种衰落。本文从信道容量角度评估各种空时编码的性能,同时将其和相同收发天线数下多输入输出(Multiple input multiple output,MI MO)系统的信道容量进行对比。
