To Give Full Scope to Labor Quality Evaluation of Youth of the New Era as the Baton

Labor quality evaluation,an important part for carrying out labor education,plays the role as“baton”for labor education.This paper will figure out the reasons for labor quality evaluation from its importance.The paper will also classify key evaluation indicators for labor qualities as cognition,emotion,ability and qualities of labor,dividing dynamic indicators to figure out“what to evaluate”.Meanwhile,the author will solve the problem of“how to evaluate”and“who will evaluate”by promoting evaluation subjects diversities and innovating evaluation methods.When labor quality evaluation,the“baton”,guides the direction and strategy,attention should be paid to integrated education to cultivate labor quality in an all-round way.The“baton”will also guide characteristic education with collaborative innovation of labor education,professional education and vocational education.Moreover,labor quality evaluation guides the optimization of resources to create integrated labor qualities and lead innovation education to nurture innovative talents.

Labor Quality, Labor Utilization Efficiency and Economic Development： Regional Discrepancies and Solutions＊

This paper presents the results of our experiments to assess average labor quality and labor force utilization in different regions of China using slack-based inefficiency measurement （SBI）. We found that there is a discrepancy between different regions＇ labor resources and their stages＇ of economic development. In central and western regions, the average quality of labor is significantly higher than in eastern regions, but labor force utilization is less efficient. Slow in economic growth and laggard in industrial upgrading, central and western regions have failed to provide their high-quality labor forces with adequate and suitable job opportunities, leading to the discrepancy between labor resource quality and economic development. Resolving this discrepancy might help coordinate economic development across different regions in China.

Labor Quality and Inward FDI:A Firm-level Empirical Study in China

This paper investigates the relationship between labor quality and inward foreign direct investment （FDI） distribution in China using a large sample of Chinese cross-sectionaL firm-level data, with comprehensive information about labor quality. The paper finds that labor quality measured by education level plays an important role in deciding the distribution of inward FDL but labor quality measured by working certifieates loses its significance using non-parametric matching techniques and the instrumental variables and generalized method of moments technique. The author also finds that labor quality has a more significant impact on other foreign investments than Hong Kong-invested, Maeau-invested and Taiwan- invested firms. The impacts of labor quality on inward FDI are found to be strongly uneven across industries andprovinces. Therefore, China shouldpay more attention to the education of employees in all foreign-invested firms, and invest more in education to improve labor quality, which will help China to attract more FDI, especially technology-intensive FDI

Spatial Strategy for Quality Labor in Rural Development——A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China

This study examines the issue of high-quality labor in rural enterprises of China. It develops a spatial strategy which consists of two dimensions: geographical space and administrative space. Different combinations of these two dimensions form a variety of approaches such as local internalization, local externalization, regional/national inter- nalization, and regional/national externalization. In the local internalization approach, rural enterprises hire such high-quality labor and ask them to work on site, while in the local externalization approach, rural enterprises seek help from employees working in other local enterprises. In the regional/national internalization approach, rural enterprises set up research and development centers in big cities to take advantages of the high-quality labor pool there. Finally in the regional/national externalization approach, rural enterprises hire people from big cities on temporary contracts. Three approaches, hiring retired technical workers, shuttling between the rural site and country seats, and setting up R&D centers in big cities are demonstrated through cases in Zhangjiagang, a leading county-level city in the southern Jiangsu Province. It is argued that rural enterprises need to broaden their perspectives of administrative space and geographical space and think creatively to deal with the shortage of quality labor in rural settings.

Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor and Vocational Education

The paper introduces about the rural surplus labor transfer.According to the paper,the transfer of rural surplus labor in China presents such fundamental characteristics as randomness and non-thoroughness,scope and field constraint,and hysteretic nature of employment and industrial structure conversion.Besides,the causes of the difficulties in the transfer of rural surplus labor lie in the barriers from the system and policy,structural imbalance of industry and low quality of rural labor.The paper studies the correlation between the quality and the transfer of rural surplus labor FORCE in a systematical way from three aspects,which are the correlations between rural labor quality and the transfer difficulty & speed,the transfer scope & field and the employment stability & income after transfer respectively.Moreover,the paper carries out analysis of the special effects of vocational education on the transfer of rural surplus labor in China,which shows that vocational education is a help in the improvement of cultural qualities,labor skills and physical & mental health of rural labor.

Labor Inputs and Productivity in Chinese Industries:2000-2018

Under the framework of growth accounting,this paper introduces four heterogeneity characteristics of labor,namely,educational level,age,gender and industry,constructs a cross classification matrix of employment,labor compensation and working hours,and calculates the labor input(volume)of the whole country and of 19 industries during 2000-2018.Then it decomposes the volume into quantity and quality parts to analyze the total amount of labor input and the performance of industry labor input.The results are as follows.First,during the research period,the annual growth rate of labor input was 2.5%,and 78.8%of that came from the growth of labor input quality.The growth of labor input was mainly resulted from the improvement of educational level and the optimization of industrial structure.Second,in 2018,the proportions of labor input of the primary,secondary and tertiary sectors were 13.76%,31.06%and 55.18%respectively,and the transfer speed of labor input to the secondary and tertiary sectors was higher than that of the quantity structure;the labor input volume in the new economy and related industries in the tertiary sector has been greatly increased.Third,the index method-based labor productivity(ILP)of some producer service and consumer service industries was relatively low,and the growth of total industry output mainly attributed to the increase of labor input and the expansion of industrial scale.The improvement of labor input quality has become the key to the growth of labor input in China,and the improvement of educational level is the core power to improve the labor input quality.