Solid Culture of Lactarius deliciosus

The research explored the effects of carbon, nitrogen and inorganic salt nutritional factors on Lactarius deliciosus hyphae as per solid culture. The optimal recipe of culture medium was selected by observing hypha density and computing the growth index, which is the most suitable for hypha growth. The results indicated that glucose and peptone were optimal carbon and nitrogen for Lactarius deliciosus;MgSO4, CuSO4 and VB2 promoted hypha growth; FeSO4 and CoCl2 had inhibition effects. The orthogonal test concluded the optimal recipe contained glucose of 20 g/L, peptone of 1 g/L, KH2PO4 of 0.3 g/L, MgSO4 of 0.3 g/L, VB2 of 2 mg/L, and agar of 20 g/L, with original pH value adopted. After optimization, growth index of hyphae cultured at 28 ℃ was 4 055.9.

New Azulene-Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Fruiting Bodies of Lactarius deliciosus

In the^(1)H NMR-guided fractionation of extracts from the edible mushroom Lactarius deliciosus,two new azulene-type sesquiterpenoids,7-isopropenyl-4-methyl-azulene-1-carboxylic acid(1)and 15-hydroxy-3,6-dihydrolactarazulene(2),together with seven known compounds were characterized.Their structures were determined on basis of spectroscopic evidence,as well as by comparing with literature data.Amongst the known metabolites,the^(13)C NMR assignment of 15-hydroxy-6,7-dihydrolactarazulene(3)is reported here for the first time.Moreover,7-acetyl-4-methylazulene-1-carbaldehyde(5)displayed a moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Immobilization and characterization of the Lactarius deliciosus mycelia-embedded polylysine-alginate beads and their decolorization performance

Liquid fermented fungal mycelia with decolorization capability have potential applications in scale-up. In this work, the Lactarius deliciosus mycelia were immobilized on ε-polylysine-alginate beads, and the decolorization effects of ε-polylysine-alginate beads were demonstrated along with Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 as a model dye. Morphology observation confirmed the beads had an exterior film and interior capsule with honeycomb microstructures suitable for mycelia growth. It was manifested that the maximum decolorization efficiency for mycelia was 98.5% at a removal rate of 0.68 mg·L^(-1)·h after 3 days. In comparison, the decolorization efficiency of the immobilized mycelia reached the maximum value of 97.3% at a removal rate of 6.1 mg·L^(-1)·h after 8 h. The enzyme activities of lignin peroxidase and laccase tested in the immobilized mycelia were significantly higher than in that of the free ones, such as the lignin peroxidase had the highest enzyme activity of 77.6 ± 7.4 U·L^(-1) in the former, while of 27.4 ± 8.7 U·L^(-1) in the latter. The immobilization of L. deliciosus mycelia could improve the decolorization of Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 efficiently. The prepared ε-polylysine-alginate beads embedded with L. deliciosus mycelia have very good reusability and a great potential in decolorizing analog dyes.

Biodegradation and detoxification of the triphenylmethane dye coomassie brilliant blue by the extracellular enzymes from mycelia of Lactarius deliciosus

Fungi play an important role in dying wastewater treatment.In this work,the mycelia of Lactarius deliciosus exhibited an excellent capacity in decolorizing coomassie brilliant blue(CBB).The results demonstrated that the mycelia could treat CBB with high concentrations over a broad range of pH and temperature.The decolorization rate of 99.19%and the removal rate of 16.31 mg·L^(‒1)·h were realized.The mycelia could be recycled from decolorizing process for 19 times,indicating a good re-usability.It verified that the lignin peroxidase(121.65 U·L^(‒1))and manganese peroxidase(36.77 U·L^(‒1))were involved in the degradation and decolorization process of CBB.Toxicity assessments indicated the seed germination rate was up to 82.22%while inhibition to Escherichia coli decreased dramatically and no significant effect on Caenorhabditis elegans growth was found.The removal of CBB was a synergistic process accomplished by adsorption and biodegradation.The mycelia could be used for eco-friendly CBB treatment.

松乳菇人工栽培技术研究

松乳菇(Lactarius deliciosus)是一类乳菇属外生菌根性食用菌,能够与松树形成外生菌根。由于松乳菇独特的共生生长方式,离体人工栽培松乳菇具有一定的难度。本文从松乳菇的生态需求、营养成分及生理活性、菌丝体培养条件、松乳菇的人工栽培现状及栽培难点等方面进行了研究,以期为松乳菇的离体人工栽培提供新思路。