政府开放数据平台FAIR原则评估指标体系及实证研究

[目的/意义]评估政府开放数据平台FAIR原则的实施效果有助于平台规范标识符、统一元数据标准等,增强政府数据的发现、共享和重用。[方法/过程]采用网络调研法,借鉴国际代表性评估框架,结合调研构建面向政府开放数据平台的FAIR原则评估指标体系,并选取国内外8个样本平台作为案例,从可发现、可访问等4个维度展开评估分析,比较FAIR原则实施状况和差异。[结果/结论]从永久性标识符方案、元数据标准规范、数据使用许可等方面提出相应改进策略,完善国内政府开放数据平台数据管理规范,为后续相关平台的建设与利用提供理论指导和实践借鉴。

基于FAIR原则的数据期刊开放共享与关联模型研究

[目的/意义]为揭示数据论文与期刊论文关联出版的新形态,对目前数据期刊的开放共享、数据论文与期刊论文之间的关联进行研究,有助于推动科学数据的开放共享发展,促进科学数据的高效流通,使科学数据在多层维度释放数据价值。[方法/过程]基于FAIR原则,从元数据元素、文献服务等角度出发,构建数据流向视角下数据论文与期刊论文之间的互关联模型,分析数据论文与期刊论文之间的关联过程,并选取代表性数据期刊Data in Brief的数据论文为实例展开模型验证与实践参照。[结果/结论]本文基于“可访问”“可发现”对“开放共享”展开研究;基于“可互操作”和“可重用”对“关联”展开研究。通过构建理论模型、实例验证,厘清数据论文与期刊论文之间的关联模式以及验证理论模型的可行性与合理性。

期刊论文支撑数据FAIR原则的应用评估与案例分析

[目的/意义]FAIR原则在科技期刊的应用有助于增强期刊论文支撑数据的可发现、交互、共享与重用。评估FAIR实施情况有利于其推广实施,以期为我国期刊论文的支撑数据共享与重用提供有益参考。[方法/过程]本文在国外FAIR原则评估模型的基础上,综合考虑各模型的优势和指标设计特点,结合《数据分析与知识发现》期刊论文相关的科学数据特征,构建FAIR原则指标评价体系,基于该体系从4个维度分析调研结果,最后对中文期刊论文的支撑数据FAIR应用提出合理化建议与优化策略。[结果/结论]FAIR原则在期刊论文支撑数据的应用仍需进一步完善,科研人员的数据共享意识及对于FAIR原则的认知度远远不够,建议从宏观和微观两个层面推广FAIR原则及其实施,推动数据更加开放和可重用。

政策文本视角下我国国家科学数据中心FAIR化特征初探

[目的/意义]对我国国家科学数据中心数据政策的FAIR化特征进行探索,为我国数据中心的数据管理政策制定和工作优化提供初步参考。[方法/过程]综合运用网络调研和文本挖掘的方法,使用KH Coder内容挖掘软件对20家数据中心的79部数据政策进行量化文本分析。通过对FAIR原则在政策文本中的出现频次和高相似词汇的分析,揭示FAIR原则在各个数据中心、不同类型政策文本中表现出的关注度差异与语义特征。[结果/结论]数据中心的数据政策已体现了一定的FAIR原则理念,但对每项FAIR原则的关注度不均衡;不同类型的数据政策关注FAIR原则的不同方面,共性在于对可发现原则和可互操作原则比较关注;对元数据给予了重点关注。[创新/价值]建议数据中心在数据政策制定中突出“元数据”在数据全生命周期管理中的作用,推动“数据增值驱动”的数据政策体系构建,并立足我国科学数据管理实际,适度引入FAIR原则。

A Formal Model for Analyzing Fair Exchange Protocols Based on Event Logic

Fair exchange protocols play a critical role in enabling two distrustful entities to conduct electronic data exchanges in a fair and secure manner.These protocols are widely used in electronic payment systems and electronic contract signing,ensuring the reliability and security of network transactions.In order to address the limitations of current research methods and enhance the analytical capabilities for fair exchange protocols,this paper proposes a formal model for analyzing such protocols.The proposed model begins with a thorough analysis of fair exchange protocols,followed by the formal definition of fairness.This definition accurately captures the inherent requirements of fair exchange protocols.Building upon event logic,the model incorporates the time factor into predicates and introduces knowledge set axioms.This enhancement empowers the improved logic to effectively describe the state and knowledge of protocol participants at different time points,facilitating reasoning about their acquired knowledge.To maximize the intruder’s capabilities,channel errors are translated into the behaviors of the intruder.The participants are further categorized into honest participants and malicious participants,enabling a comprehensive evaluation of the intruder’s potential impact.By employing a typical fair exchange protocol as an illustrative example,this paper demonstrates the detailed steps of utilizing the proposed model for protocol analysis.The entire process of protocol execution under attack scenarios is presented,shedding light on the underlying reasons for the attacks and proposing corresponding countermeasures.The developedmodel enhances the ability to reason about and evaluate the security properties of fair exchange protocols,thereby contributing to the advancement of secure network transactions.

基于Fair函数神经网络的厚度传感器输出特性分析

针对最小二乘法的BP学习算法对训练数据准确性要求较高的问题,提出将Fair估计函数应用于神经网络,优化神经网络的计算,当拟合数据中含有过失误差和随机误差时,基于Fair估计函数学习算法拟合效果要明显优于传统基于最小二乘法BP学习算法,具有较高的鲁棒性。将该算法应用于厚度传感器输出特性拟合,实验结果表明,厚度传感器能准确测量纸张厚度,测量相对误差小于1.5%。

Diestel-Faires定理在局部凸空间中的推广

通过Banach空间与局部凸空间的对比,将Banach空间上的Diestel-Faires定理在局部凸空间上进行推广.进一步给出了局部凸空间上的Orlicz-Pettis定理与推论.

基于FAIR原则的中国科学数据资源现状分析及启示

为推动开放科学实践,促进科学数据共享与重用,选取re3data、FAIRsharing和Data Citation Index这3个国际主要科学数据仓储(SDR)注册和发现平台作为主要数据源,开展中国科学数据资源现状与国外的对比分析,发现我国有国际影响力的SDR数量与科学数据集的体量不匹配,包括我国在内的各国科学数据集的传播共享主要依靠欧美国家的SDR;基于FAIR原则分析我国典型SDR面临的挑战,结果表明,我国的国家科学数据中心在数据和元数据的可发现性、可访问性方面受到数据标识符分配不足和无法正常解析的影响。在数据和元数据的可交互性和可重用性方面,存在引用信息和使用说明不完整、不清晰等问题,阻碍数据的传播和共享。国际组织和机构的典型经验与举措为我国的科学数据管理提供了启示。基于此,未来我国可以通过开展对FAIR原则的政策支持和规范实施,提高我国科学数据资源的开放共享水平。

领域数据库的FAIR原则实践——以生物信息学为例

文章深化国内外领域数据库的FAIR原则实践研究,奠定进一步开展科学数据的管理工作布局与实践基础,为不同学科领域的数据开放路径提供支持。采用文本分析法对国内外11个生物信息学领域数据库的介绍文献内容进行编码,探索其FAIR原则实践进展。通过分析生物信息学领域数据库的可发现、可访问、可互操作和可重用的FAIR原则实践,发现FAIR原则在生物信息学领域的数据实践研究中存在管理与应用两方面的不足。建议在后续FAIR原则实践中,生物信息学领域数据库应创新设计和规范管理标准,丰富领域数据相关描述,遵循通用且符合FAIR原则的数据库规定,实现领域中各数据库平台的互联互通,提高数据开放共享水平。

我国国家科学数据中心FAIR原则的实践现状调查与分析

FAIR原则是规范科学数据管理和促进数据共享的指导原则,调查分析我国国家科学数据中心FAIR原则的实践现状,对推动科学数据的发现、访问、获取和重用具有重要意义。文章通过分析FAIR原则的主要内容,把握国际科学数据开放共享原则;调研20个国家科学数据中心对FAIR原则的实践现状,从元数据标准和用户授权两个层面分析结果并提出改进建议。研究发现:我国国家科学数据中心对FAIR原则的应用还有待提升,需要在持久性标识符的采用、元数据标准的公开访问、数据许可声明的明确等方面加强规范化、标准化管理。

Blockchain-Based Secure and Fair IoT Data Trading System with Bilateral Authorization

These days,data is regarded as a valuable asset in the era of the data economy,which demands a trading platform for buying and selling data.However,online data trading poses challenges in terms of security and fairness because the seller and the buyer may not fully trust each other.Therefore,in this paper,a blockchain-based secure and fair data trading system is proposed by taking advantage of the smart contract and matchmaking encryption.The proposed system enables bilateral authorization,where data trading between a seller and a buyer is accomplished only if their policies,required by each other,are satisfied simultaneously.This can be achieved by exploiting the security features of the matchmaking encryption.To guarantee non-repudiation and fairness between trading parties,the proposed system leverages a smart contract to ensure that the parties honestly carry out the data trading protocol.However,the smart contract in the proposed system does not include complex cryptographic operations for the efficiency of onchain processes.Instead,these operations are carried out by off-chain parties and their results are used as input for the on-chain procedure.The system also uses an arbitration protocol to resolve disputes based on the trading proof recorded on the blockchain.The performance of the protocol is evaluated in terms of off-chain computation overhead and on-chain gas consumption.The results of the experiments demonstrate that the proposed protocols can enable the implementation of a cost-effective data trading system.

Islamic HRM:Laissez Faire or Free of Choice

Proposition of this study is that Islamic HRM(human resources management)is related to laissez faire.Why Islamic HRM is related to laissez faire?Response might be potential and attitude analyses.Attitudes turn to behaviours in workplaces,and potential reflects future performance.Laissez faire is defined as free of choice in this study,and it is defined as freeness and liberty in France.Second principle of Islamic HRM might be not intervention to employees.Of course organizations determine goals,but no pressure to employees.On the other hand,firms are to always watch the performance of employees.HRM manager and line managers implement hidden performance evaluation.In conclusion,it can be proposed that Islamic HRM has three principles:laissez faire,no intervention,and performance evaluation.Mohamed represents philosophy of Islam.Mohamed was trader in Arabic peninsula,and it may operate as free market economy in trade in that era.

FAIR原则评估指标与评估工具研究

FAIR原则自发布以来引发国际社会的广泛关注,一些机构和项目制定FAIR评估指标、开发FAIR评估工具。对这些评估指标和工具进行调研,揭示FAIR评估发展的现状,总结经验,以促进FAIR原则的发展。采用文献研究、网络调研的方法,介绍FAIR原则的发展背景,并针对研究数据联盟、FAIRsFAIR、欧洲开放科学云提出的FAIR评估指标体系进行对比和分析,此外还介绍目前国际上主要的评估工具类型、原理及评价维度。研究结果显示:相较于其他组织,欧盟更为积极主动地推动FAIR评估;当前主要的评估指标和评估工具存在认知差异,但对于FAIR的落地起到一定的积极作用;目前FAIR评估体系需提高标准化水平、与可信认证体系紧密结合、积极融入国际环境、结合社区的发展需求与特点开展互动,并与更多类型的科研成果管理模式结合。

Maker Faire~开启创客之旅

Maker Faire是美国Make杂志社举办的全球最大的创客文化聚会，最近几年也在中国举办。本期，小编带你走进美国本土原汁原味的Maker Faire。

浅析法语中Faire的趣用

法语属于印欧语系罗曼语族，其动词的形态变化十分复杂、词组变幻多样、词汇精准。因此表达准确、清晰，在国际社会中的作用越来越重要。由于法语没有语调与重音，听起来如潺潺流水娓娓道来．因此被称为世界上最美的语言。语言的魅力更在于对同一事物的表达可以用不同的词j12、不同的表达顺序、甚至是不同的逻辑结构。从而达到准确而且丰富多彩的效果。在此文中，我们来讨论一下有趣的“faire”。

Joint User Association and Fair Scheduling for Dual Connectivity Heterogeneous Networks

Heterogeneous small cell network is one of the most effective solutions to overcome spectrum scarcity for the next generation of mobile networks.Dual connectivity(DC)can improve the throughput for each individual user by allowing concurrent access to two heterogeneous radio networks.In this paper,we propose a joint user association and fair scheduling algorithm(JUAFS)to deal with the resource allocation and load balancing issues for DC heterogeneous small cell networks.Considering different coverage sizes,numbers of users,and quality of experience characteristics of heterogeneous cells,we present a proportional fair scheduling for user association among cells and utilize interference graph to minimize the transmission conflict probability.Simulation results show the performance improvement of the proposed algorithm in spectrum efficiency and fairness comparing to the existing schemes.

Maker Faire文化对设计师造物情怀的影响

Maker Faire起源于在美国年旧金山[1],以分享技术和交流思想为乐,集结了所有年龄段的DIY爱好者,他们当中有设计师、教育家、业余爱好者、工程师、作家、艺术家,学生等等覆盖的群体比较广泛,甚至可以说,没有特定的群体,设计师在Maker群体当中也占有一定的比例,Maker Faire文化对设计师造物情怀有一定的影响。

Two-Stage Optimal Dispatching of Wind Power-Photovoltaic-Solar Thermal Combined System Considering Economic Optimality and Fairness

Aiming at the problems of large-scale wind and solar grid connection,how to ensure the economy of system operation and how to realize fair scheduling between new energy power stations,a two-stage optimal dispatching model of wind power-photovoltaic-solar thermal combined system considering economic optimality and fairness is proposed.Firstly,the first stage dispatching model takes the overall economy optimization of the system as the goal and the principle of maximizing the consumption of wind and solar output,obtains the optimal output value under the economic conditions of each new energy station,and then obtains the maximum consumption space of the new energy station.Secondly,based on the optimization results of the first stage,the second stage dispatching model uses the dispatching method of fuzzy comprehensive ranking priority to prioritize the new energy stations,and then makes a fair allocation to the dispatching of the wind and solar stations.Finally,the analysis of a specific example shows that themodel can take into account the fairness of active power distribution of new energy stations on the basis of ensuring the economy of system operation,make full use of the consumption space,and realize the medium and long-term fairness distribution of dispatching plan.

Max-Min Fair RIS-Aided Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Multigroup Multicast Communications

Rate-splitting multiple access(RSMA)can cope with a wide range of propagation conditions in multigroup multicast communications through rate splitting optimization.To breakthrough the grouprate limited bottleneck,reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)technique can be introduced to assist wireless communications through enhancing the channel quality.In RIS-aided RSMA multigroup multicasting,how to provide fair and high-quality multiuser service under power and spectrum constraints is essential.In this paper,we propose a max-min fair RIS-aided rate-splitting multiple access(MMF-RISRSMA)scheme for multigroup multicast communications,where the rate fairness is obtained by maximizing the minimum group-rate.In doing so,we jointly optimize the beamformers,the rate splitting vector at the transmitter,as well as the phase shifts at RIS.To solve it,we divide the original optimization problem into two subproblems and alternately optimize the variables.The beamforming and rate splitting optimization subproblem is solved by using the successive convex approximation technique.The phase shift optimization subproblem is solved through the penalty function method to achieve a rank-one locally optimal solution.Simulations demonstrate that the proposed MMF-RIS-RSMA scheme can obtain significant performance gain in terms of the minimum group-rate.

出版业实践FAIR原则的应用价值、全球性意义与我国的行动框架

FAIR原则是数据基础设施发展到一定程度后产生的开放数据新理念,由可发现性、可获得性、可互操作和可重用性四个具体原则构成。出版业实践FAIR原则对于解决全球性问题、提高科研效率、减少科研错误、缩小科技鸿沟等具有重要意义。目前,FAIR原则的知晓度有待提高,具体的行动框架有待建立。本文结合我国实际情况,提出可以在三个层面保证FAIR原则的实践,达成利益平衡:在宏观层面,需要完善数据出版法规体系;在中观层面,科研机构、图书馆、资助者和出版商等需要把FAIR原则作为必要的参考原则,帮助或要求研究者开放数据;在微观层面,研究者需要认识到实践FAIR原则与声誉之间的关系,自下而上地提高数据集等数据成果的认可度。