Increasing cases of lake eutrophication globally have raised concerns among stakeholders,and particularly in China.Evaluating the causes of eutrophication in waterways is essential for effective pollution prevention a...Increasing cases of lake eutrophication globally have raised concerns among stakeholders,and particularly in China.Evaluating the causes of eutrophication in waterways is essential for effective pollution prevention and control.Xiao Xingkai Lake is part of and connected to Xingkai(Khanka)Lake,a boundary lake between China and Russia.In this study,we investigated the spatio-temporal variabilities in water quality(i.e.,dissolved oxygen(DO),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),chemical oxygen demand(CODMn)and ammonium-nitrogen(NH4+-N))in Xiao Xingkai Lake,from 2012 to 2014,after which a Trophic Level Index was used to evaluate trophic status,in addition to the factors influencing water quality variation in the lake.The DO,TN,TP,CODMn and NH4+-N concentrations were 0.44-15.57,0.16-5.11,0.01-0.45,0.16-48.31,and 0.19-0.78 mg/L,respectively.Compared to the Environmental Quality Standards for surface water(GB 3838-2002)in China,the lake transitioned to an oligotrophic status in 2013 and 2014 from a mesotrophic status in 2012,TN and TP concentrations were the key factors influencing water quality of Xiao Xingkai Lake.Non-para-metric test results showed that sampling time and sites had significant effects on water quality.Water quality was worse in summer and in tourism and aquaculture areas,followed by agricultural drainage areas.Furthermore,lake water trophic status fluctuated between medium eutrophic and light eutrophic status from September 2012 to September 2014,and was negatively correlated with water level.Water quality in tourism and aquaculture sites were medium eutrophic,while in agricultural areas were light eutrophic.According to the results,high water-level fluctuations and anthropogenic activities were the key factor driving variability in physicochemical parameters associated with water quality in Xiao Xingkai Lake.展开更多
Taking the water ecosystem of Small Xingkai Lake as research object,through the survey and analysis of aquatic organism indicators,this paper established an ecosystem integrity evaluation system with the biological in...Taking the water ecosystem of Small Xingkai Lake as research object,through the survey and analysis of aquatic organism indicators,this paper established an ecosystem integrity evaluation system with the biological integrity as the criterion layer. Using the index of biological integrity and comprehensive health index,it evaluated the health status of water ecosystem of Small Xingkai Lake.展开更多
The xingkai Lake pine(Pinus lakahasii Nakai) gall rust caused by Cronartiumquereuum(Berk.)Miyabe:Shirai is a serious stem rust in the northeast region of China.The alternatehost is oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch).Germin...The xingkai Lake pine(Pinus lakahasii Nakai) gall rust caused by Cronartiumquereuum(Berk.)Miyabe:Shirai is a serious stem rust in the northeast region of China.The alternatehost is oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch).Germination of both acciospores and urediospores wasoptimal at 12℃ and occurred over a range of temperatures,from 4℃ to 32℃.Teliosperes germinatedoptimally at 16--18℃ and over a range of 8--28℃.All spores germinated best under natural light anddark conditions.Direct light inhibited germination eren when followed by darkness.The incubauonperiods of urediospores and teliospores in inoculation experiments were 6--16 days and 3--33daysrespectively. Anatomical studies of Cribartium quercuum galls showed that rust hyphae freely ramify throughthe intereellular spaces within parenchymatous lissues of the cortex,phloem,cambium,and xylemHyphac are perennial;largc haustoria are cylindrical with rounded or blunt ends. Among the 12 fungieides tested for control the rust,pine-tar,pine-tar;diesel oil(1:1。展开更多
KINGKAI Lake in east Jixi City, HelongjiangProvince, forms a bound-ary between China and Russia. It has an area of 4,380 square kilometers, and empties into China’s easternmost Wusuli River.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771120,41771550)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB956100)。
文摘Increasing cases of lake eutrophication globally have raised concerns among stakeholders,and particularly in China.Evaluating the causes of eutrophication in waterways is essential for effective pollution prevention and control.Xiao Xingkai Lake is part of and connected to Xingkai(Khanka)Lake,a boundary lake between China and Russia.In this study,we investigated the spatio-temporal variabilities in water quality(i.e.,dissolved oxygen(DO),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),chemical oxygen demand(CODMn)and ammonium-nitrogen(NH4+-N))in Xiao Xingkai Lake,from 2012 to 2014,after which a Trophic Level Index was used to evaluate trophic status,in addition to the factors influencing water quality variation in the lake.The DO,TN,TP,CODMn and NH4+-N concentrations were 0.44-15.57,0.16-5.11,0.01-0.45,0.16-48.31,and 0.19-0.78 mg/L,respectively.Compared to the Environmental Quality Standards for surface water(GB 3838-2002)in China,the lake transitioned to an oligotrophic status in 2013 and 2014 from a mesotrophic status in 2012,TN and TP concentrations were the key factors influencing water quality of Xiao Xingkai Lake.Non-para-metric test results showed that sampling time and sites had significant effects on water quality.Water quality was worse in summer and in tourism and aquaculture areas,followed by agricultural drainage areas.Furthermore,lake water trophic status fluctuated between medium eutrophic and light eutrophic status from September 2012 to September 2014,and was negatively correlated with water level.Water quality in tourism and aquaculture sites were medium eutrophic,while in agricultural areas were light eutrophic.According to the results,high water-level fluctuations and anthropogenic activities were the key factor driving variability in physicochemical parameters associated with water quality in Xiao Xingkai Lake.
文摘Taking the water ecosystem of Small Xingkai Lake as research object,through the survey and analysis of aquatic organism indicators,this paper established an ecosystem integrity evaluation system with the biological integrity as the criterion layer. Using the index of biological integrity and comprehensive health index,it evaluated the health status of water ecosystem of Small Xingkai Lake.
文摘The xingkai Lake pine(Pinus lakahasii Nakai) gall rust caused by Cronartiumquereuum(Berk.)Miyabe:Shirai is a serious stem rust in the northeast region of China.The alternatehost is oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch).Germination of both acciospores and urediospores wasoptimal at 12℃ and occurred over a range of temperatures,from 4℃ to 32℃.Teliosperes germinatedoptimally at 16--18℃ and over a range of 8--28℃.All spores germinated best under natural light anddark conditions.Direct light inhibited germination eren when followed by darkness.The incubauonperiods of urediospores and teliospores in inoculation experiments were 6--16 days and 3--33daysrespectively. Anatomical studies of Cribartium quercuum galls showed that rust hyphae freely ramify throughthe intereellular spaces within parenchymatous lissues of the cortex,phloem,cambium,and xylemHyphac are perennial;largc haustoria are cylindrical with rounded or blunt ends. Among the 12 fungieides tested for control the rust,pine-tar,pine-tar;diesel oil(1:1。
文摘KINGKAI Lake in east Jixi City, HelongjiangProvince, forms a bound-ary between China and Russia. It has an area of 4,380 square kilometers, and empties into China’s easternmost Wusuli River.
