Research on the Problems in the Collecting Land

Along with our country urbanization advancement quickening, the scale of construction land expands, but there are many problems in collecting land. These questions have directly restricted the land collection work to develop smoothly. This paper analyzes the main questions which collection work is up against and puts forward the improved proposal aiming at the peasant losing territory being short of participating in the process of pricing compensation, social security vacancy and so on.

The Major Problems and the Governmental Role in Chinese Rural Land Transfer

On the basis of clarifying and defining rural land transfer, the necessity of rural land transfer is analyzed. Land transfer is the necessity in terms of promoting agricultural scale operation and improving production efficiency; proving opportunities for narrowing urban and rural gap; realizing rural surplus labor transfer and facilitating urbanization. Major problems in the existing rural land transfer are analyzed:unclear laws and regulations and rural land transfer lacks relevant legal protection;rural social security system is imperfect and can not solve farmers' worries after land transfer; farmers and local governments are restricted by traditional ideas and it is hard to carry out the land transfer policies; rural system construction is relatively backward and the rural land transfer market is immature. Countermeasures on the governmental behaviors in rural land transfer are put forward: stipulating relevant administrative laws and regulations and perfecting the political system of rural land transfer; perfecting rural social security system and solving farmers' worries after land transfer; changing the ideas and working style of local officials and leading farmers to form the scientific land transfer outlook;and vigorously promoting the construction of system and positively cultivating rural land transfer market.

Problems and Barriers Impeding the Implementation of MagLev Assisted Aircraft Take-Off and Landing Concept

Nowadays, the success of the new technology development and deployment process depends not only on technical, technological solutions, but also on solving the non-technological problems and crossing the societal and psychological barriers. A large international European projects, GABRIEL1 had developed a maglev assisted aircraft take-off and landing, that was applied to conceptual design of aircraft and required on-board and ground systems, had analysed all impacts (effects of concept deployment on effectiveness, safety, security, noise, emissions) and had demonstrated the safe applicability by concept validation. The applied methodology, used methods and the results of the Gabriel projects had been described and discussed by 55 project deliverables. This paper has a special goal: investigating the problems and barriers of possible implementing of the radically new technology, aircraft MagLev assisted take-off and landing. The study was started by identification and classification of the problems and barriers. After it, the problems were systematically analysed by use of special methodology containing the understanding (description) of the problems, investigation of the possible solutions and discussing their applicability (mainly by use of the Gabriel project results). The paper has three major sections: 1) description of the Gabriel concept and project results, 2) introducing some related thoughts on general aspects of new technology developments, and 3) discussion on the problems and their solutions. The major classes of the problems are the 1) technical, technological problems as developing a radically new solution, landing the undercarriage-less aircraft on the magnetic tracks, 2) stakeholders’ problems as decision makers kicking against supporting the developments of so radically new technologies and 3) society barriers like society worrying on and fear of future passengers on flying by aircraft have not conventional undercarriage systems. The paper will show that these problems have safe and cost-effective solutions.

Main Problems and Government Action in Rural Land Circulation of China

On the basis of introducing and defining the concept of rural land circulation,this paper discussed the inevitability of rural land circulation in China and analyzed the main problems in the rural land circulation. Finally,it came up with some pertinent recommendations for the government in the rural land circulation in China,including formulating the relevant administrative rules and regulations,improving the rural land circulation policy system,improving the rural social security system and relieving the worry of farmers in land circulation,energetically promoting institutional construction,and actively cultivating rural land circulation market.

Problems and Recommendations for Confirmation of Land Right in Rural Areas

Land,the foundation of agriculture and farmers,is the most basic capital goods of agricultural production. Confirmation of land right in rural areas not only effectively protects the land contract management right of peasants and helps to realize the informatization management of land contract,but also lays a foundation for land circulation and scale management. In addition,it also promotes the realization of agricultural modernization. This paper analyzes the problems in the confirmation of land right and sets forth recommendations under the premise of realizing the importance of confirmation of land right.

Inquiry into Problems of Farmers' Employment under the Condition of Land Transfer

This paper emphasizes the urgency of solving the problems of farmers' employment under the condition of land transfer,indicating that solving the problems of farmers' employment is the necessary requirement of land transfer,the actual requirement of constructing well-off society comprehensively,and the objective requirement of transforming developmental model.The characteristics of the problems of farmers' employment under the condition of land transfer are as follows:the rural surplus labor forces increase,and the ubiquitous unemployment is urgent;the employment room of farmers is narrow,and the structural unemployment is serious;the ability of farmers' employment is poor,and recessive unemployment has a large proportion;the situation of farmers' employment is not so sanguine,and the policy unemployment is frequent.This paper points out the causes of farmers' employment problems under the situation of land transfer as follows:in terms of analysis of subjective factors,farmers' self-employment ability is yet to be underpinned;in terms of analysis of objective factors,the relevant mechanism of government is unsound.Finally,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward as follows:establish the mechanism of farmer traceability analysis under the condition of land transfer;strengthen the training of farmers' skills;reinforce the publicity and education of farmers' employment concept;promote the process of urbanization and construct the employment vehicle of farmers;adjust the industrial structure in rural areas and expand the internal employment in rural areas;improve macro regulation and improve the employment environment for farmers.

Problems and countermeasures for land exploitation and utilization in China's development areas

s: The planning area and developing area in China's l29 national and 584 provincial development areas cover 8000 km2 and l500 km2 respectively. By typical field investigations we found that China's development areas have the characteristics of abundant categories, excessive quantities, large scales and dense localities in coastlands, border areas and river banks. And their utilization have 4 features of mainly collecting and occupying agricultural lands, minor rebuilding of old city; mainly taking up cultivated lands, minor exploiting and utilizing barren mountains and bleak sloping lands; collecting and occupying lands at first, utilizing afterwards; using large quantities of lands but obtaining comparatively fewer benefits. According to the analyses, China's development areas can be concluded into one of the four categories: constructed from cultivated lands, reconstructed from old cities, constructed from coastlands and islands, and constructed from barren mountains and desolate sloping lands. Their corresponding problems of unsuitable planning and distribution leaving cultivated lands unused, low remission price and chaotic management measures are analyzed in detail and the countermeasures are put forward. These include planning and distribution the lands in an integrated way, managing all these lands in a unified system. improving the growth pattern of their economy, and advancing their utilization and output ratios.

西辽河平原地下水失衡及其与土地利用的互馈关系

西辽河平原是我国北方重要的生态屏障,但是生态环境脆弱。2004年以来农田灌溉用水增加,地下水水位持续下降。为查明区域地下水失衡、生态效应及其影响因素,开展了西辽河平原地下水水位统测和长期监测,采用空间相关性分析、水均衡分析、土地利用转移矩阵、对地下水水位变化贡献度分析等方法,分析了区域地下水均衡状况及其与土地利用的互馈关系。结果表明:西辽河平原2020年地下水水位比2004年平均下降2.23 m,地下水储存量年均减少10.90×10^(8) m^(3);平原中部农业集中灌溉区地下水水位下降幅度较大,尤其通辽科尔沁区地下水水位下降最为明显;西辽河平原地下水开采量对地下水水位下降的贡献度为33%,科尔沁区超过50%;地下水水位下降区水位埋深从4.71 m下降至8.34 m,导致草地退化,面积减少,覆盖度下降;西辽河平原地下水可持续开采量为24.28×10^(8) m^(3)/a。用于农业灌溉的地下水开采量增大是造成地下水水位下降的主要原因,为防止地下水水位持续下降,提出了提高节水灌溉能力,调整种植结构、引入外源水及压缩地下水开采量等综合治理建议。该研究成果可为区域农业种植规划、地下水管理与保护提供技术支撑。

可再生能源用地趋势及面临问题对策研究

为实现2030年前碳达峰、2060年前碳中和双碳目标,大力发展可再生能源已经成为全球能源转型和应对气候变化的重大战略方向和一致宏大行动。土地资源是实施可再生能源基础设施建设的基本保障因素之一,为利于推进可再生能源发展,有必要对可再生能源用地趋势进行预测,对未来用地可能面临的问题进行分析,并提出应对措施。

油气开采过程中地质环境问题研究现状与展望

随着经济建设发展,石油与天然气需求量不断增加,加速开采带来的地质环境问题也越发凸显,针对油气开采过程中地质环境问题的研究则具有重要理论意义和工程应用价值。在收集整理国内外油气开采过程中地质环境问题典型案例和研究成果的基础上,归纳总结出地面沉降、诱发地震、地下水污染和地层结构改变是油气开采过程中主要的地质环境问题,论述了油气田地质环境问题的控制因素、发生机理和致灾效应的研究成果,对现有油气田地质环境问题的监测方法、预测方法和防治措施进行了归纳,分析了现有油气田地质环境问题方面研究存在的问题与局限性,并对油气田地质环境问题未来的研究方向进行了展望。

大城市工业用地布局演变中的城市问题研究——以西安市为例

改革开放以来在我国经济转型过程中大城市工业用地的规模和布局发生了巨大变化,并影响城市的空间形态。以西安市为例,基于多源数据,采用定量与定性相结合方法,研究发现1974—2019年西安市工业用地面积呈先持续增长后快速减少变化趋势,空间布局在园区化集聚的过程中具有显著的工业用地郊区化与城市中心用地去工业化特征,布局模式则经历了由改革开放初期“组团布局+扇形扩展”向增量规划时期“圈层扩展+跳跃扩张+轴向集聚”至存量规划时期“外围园区化集聚”转变。帮助企业纾困、城市增长、生活居住条件改善与土地经济价值是推动工业用地布局演变的主要驱动力。工业用地郊区化与城市中心去工业化加剧了职住分离、交通拥堵等城市问题,不利于城市健康可持续发展。

长三角城市湿地保护可持续路径解析——以苏州为例

长三角湿地是一个复杂、动态、跨区域的生态系统,对维护区域城市生态平衡、提升城市生态品质具有重要意义。以长三角的重要城市苏州湿地保护为切入点,研究总结苏州湿地保护与利用面临的主要问题,并根据问题提出苏州湿地保护可持续发展的实现路径。将保护规划重点聚焦湿地保护质量提升,湿地生态系统服务功能修复,考虑流域协同保护,从人文生态视角发掘湿地自然与文化资源,提质特色湿地景观,提高湿地科学管理等方面,这些尝试对长三角乃至沿海地区发达城市的湿地保护发展具有一定的借鉴意义。

长久不变与土地延包:关系诠释与现实困境

长久不变政策出台后如何处置二轮到期后特殊农民群体的承包地问题亟待解决。长久不变的具体内涵是,长久不变不是“永久不变”,更不是“私有化”,“长久”一定是“有期限”的“长久”。土地延包与长久不变并不冲突,两者是辩证统一的关系。中国农村土地延包历史由来已久,存在“阶段性与公平性”的典型特征。到期处置农村承包地的理论逻辑是关系型和市场化的配置方式会导致差异化的配置结果,也是突破农村人地要素错配格局的需要。未来延包时点,应赋予无地少地农户群体延包的权利,而有序取缔失地农民和进城多年安家落户农民的延包资格。“直接顺延:继续执行生不增死不减”的延包方案可能适用于人地矛盾少的区域。据此,建议各地清晰界定“何为集体经济组织成员”资格权,细化农地“三权分置”后产权内涵与外延,探索具体化、多样化、特色化的延包方案。

大食物观下中国非耕地设施农业建设与发展

中国人多地少,85%以上的土地资源为非耕地资源,开发利用非耕地资源,发展非耕地设施农业,对于保障国家粮食安全、缓解农业用地矛盾等问题具有重大的战略意义。从政策支持、土地资源、产业现状、设施类型、设施设备、高效技术、适宜品种、开发模式等方面分析了我国非耕地设施农业的发展现状,在借鉴以色列、埃及、西班牙、日本、海湾国家等非耕地设施农业的先进经验基础之上,指出了我国非耕地设施农业在品种、设施、人才、技术、成本、效益等方面存在的问题,并针对问题提出了相应的发展建议,最后对非耕地设施农业发展前景进行了展望,为有效促进非耕地设施农业健康、持续发展提供了参考。

浙江省土地利用现状分析及对策建议

浙江省是我国东部沿海地区的一个经济发达省份,其土地利用状况直接关系到区域经济的可持续发展,对统筹城乡发展、实施乡村振兴战略意义重大。本文以浙江省2009—2019年土地利用数据为基础,通过对国土空间利用现状进行分析,总结了当前耕地保护、建设用地开发利用、土地利用效率等方面的经验和做法,提出了土地利用管理面临的问题和挑战,包括土地利用强度高、用地需求大、土地利用不平衡不充分、土地利用综合效益有待提高等,并据此提出改进和完善的对策与建议。

本土价值重塑:土地革命前期中国革命道路问题与超越

用哲学方法从事实与价值角度解读土地革命前期中国革命道路问题,拓展了对中国共产党创业伟大艰辛的认识维度和深度。土地革命前期中国革命道路问题是典型的原生性“中国式”问题,产生这个问题的根源在于当时中国革命的本土事实与苏俄革命及指导中国革命的苏式价值规约在国家条件、政治条件、阶级条件上都无法完全耦合。在绝大多数革命先驱者尚未认清这个原生性“中国式”问题的破局在于对所完全依赖的苏式价值规约进行符合中华民族需要的本土价值重塑的时候,以毛泽东为主要代表的共产党人首创井冈山革命根据地,依托农村革命根据地的武装斗争坚持马克思列宁主义,突破苏式价值规约,逐步对中国革命进行本土价值重塑,实现了对原生性“中国式”问题的创造性超越,走出了世界无产阶级革命的中国道路。

达州建设东出北上国际陆港枢纽突出问题破解思路研究

建设东出北上国际陆港枢纽是省委对达州重新赋予的战略定位。达州建设国际陆港枢纽的现有基础比较坚实,但也面临诸多困难与短板,必须着力破解面临的突出问题:狠抓宣传发动和思想引领;理清发展思路,突出顶层设计和战略规划;聚焦重点部位,强化关键支撑;锚定物流核心,培育陆港物流产业集群;重视环境支持和政策保障。

西安市耕地“三位一体”保护问题及对策探讨

基于西安市作为关中平原重要的粮食生产区,通过调查研究分析了西安市耕地数量、质量、种植情况以及近10年的耕地时空动态变化,明晰了其变化影响因素。研究结果表明:城镇化建设、农业结构调整、耕地撂荒等方面影响了耕地的数量、质量和生态;耕地“三位一体”的保护是稳定区域耕地数量、提升耕地质量、保持生态稳定,推动耕地的可持续利用的有效措施;西安市耕地质量相对较高,应严格落实耕地保护制度、开展高标准农田建设、合理调整农业种植结构,实现耕地的数量、质量、生态“三位一体”的保护。

广西国土绿化成效、问题与对策

广西是中国唯一既沿海又沿边的少数民族自治区,生态地位极为重要,科学开展国土绿化行动,巩固提升生态优势,具有重大战略意义。在总结广西“十三五”期间国土绿化成效的基础上,深入分析国土绿化的存在问题,提出合理安排绿化用地、科学选择绿化树种草种、科学推进重点区域植被恢复、节俭务实推进城乡绿化、持续推进通道绿化等五条对策建议,为广西未来一段时期国土绿化规划提供借鉴。

土地整治项目实施中存在的问题及对策研究

土地整治项目是实现耕地数量与质量双提升、促进建设用地集约利用、提高农民收入并改善区域生态环境状况的有效手段。基于此,文章以X省省级投资土地整治项目为对象,系统研究了土地整治项目实施管理中在可研论证、规划设计、招投标、项目施工、资金管理及内业资料归档等方面存在的问题与成因,并据此提出了相应的对策与建议,仅供参考。