Annual Monitoring and Evaluation of the Grades of Arable Land Quality——Taking Lingchuan County as an Example

With the increasing requirement for the protection of arable land, monitor- ing the grades of arable land quality is becoming more important, which can accu- rately and fully reflect the current situation and development trends of arable land quality. It is also an important measure for protecting the quality of arable land. in the present study, the distribution and changes of arable lands of different gradient types and grades in Lingchuan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2015 were monitored and evaluated, to analyze the trends and reasons for the changes in the quality and productivity of arable lands, and to provide references for dynamic monitoring of the quality of arable land.

Update of Cultivated Land Quality Grade Based on GIS—A Case Study of a County in Guangxi

The quality of cultivated land has an important influence on agricultural output, food security, sustainable development and the ability of using cultivated land resources. As the trend of cultivated land quality is getting more and more attention, in order to strengthen the management of cultivated land quality, improve the precision of cultivated land quality and other achievements, and maintain the current situation of cultivated land quality and other achievements. For this paper, taking A county of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as an example, with the support of GIS, the paper studies the grade and grade renewal of cultivated land by using the superposition method, studies the grade and grade change of regional cultivated land and its spatial distribution, grasps the status quo change of cultivated land and the grade and grade change of cultivated land caused by the quality construction of cultivated land in the year, and then provides scientific data for land use plan, land consolidation and cultivates land protection.

Research on Grade Renewing of Cultivated Land at County Level:A Case Study of Daxing District,Beijing

To create a scientific way to renew the grades of cultivated land at county level, monitoring points were set up according to the monitoring control regions and grade types of cultivated land in Daxing District, Beijing, and soil samples were collected to carry out chemical analysis. Afterwards, the input and output data of cultivated land in each village were surveyed to renew the grades of cultivated land. The results indicate that the average natural grade of cultivated land was 8.4, which was equal to that of 2004; the average utilization grade was 8.1, which was slightly higher than that of 2004; the average economic grade was 9.9, which was lower than that of 2004. It is concluded that it is scientific to renew cultivated land grades through scientifically setting monitoring points according to the monitoring control regions and grade types of cultivated land.

County scale spatial differential characteristics of cultivated land use grade: A case of Binchuan County

Land resource is the material foundation of human survival and economic development, and the cultivated land is the essence of land resources. This paper takes the county scale, by using the method of GIS spatial analysis and statistical analysis unifies, to explore the quality of cultivated land in Binchuan County using level, and explain the utilization level of county cultivated land quality spatial differentiation characteristics. The results showed that:(1) in the quantity of cultivated land quality and utilization level, the average utilization of paddy land was greater than that of dry land, and the comprehensive utilization of cultivated land and so on. Among them, the paddy land ranged from grade 6 to 15, the average utilization was grade 11.6; dry land ranged from grade 2 to 11, the average utilization was grade 5.9; comprehensive range of cultivated land is grade 2 to 15, the average utilization was grade 8.1;(2) the quality of cultivated land utilization spatial differentiation. Paddy field, dry land and cultivated land and large value distribution in the central and southern, inverted V shape distribution; the smaller the value distribution in the East and West, a dumbbell shaped distribution. Among them, they don't use a larger value of paddy land distributed in the central, South and southwest, the maximum value is 14.3, the smaller the value distribution in the West and East, the minimum value is grade 7; the larger the value distribution by the dry land in the South and West, the maximum value is grade 10.2, the smaller the value distribution in the West and East. The minimum value is grade 2.3; the comprehensive utilization of cultivated land don't distributed larger value in the central, South and south-west, the maximum value is grade 12.7, the smaller the value distribution in the West and East, the minimum value is grade 3.5. This paper can provide scientific basis for the dynamic monitoring of cultivated land quality, the transformation of low yield farmland and the early warning of cultivated land pressure.

An exploration of the arrangement of the land price grade in Chongqing municipality

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基于KQ Landps耕地坡度分级图数据库赋值方法

针对1∶10 000坡度分级数据出现的问题,通过空间校正、投影变换等方法,实现对农村土地调查数据库中耕地坡度级别属性的自动配赋,建立耕地坡度分级信息系统,为土地信息化管理提供支持。

基于Landsat数据的芜湖市热岛效应动态演变研究

使用Landsat5(2002年、2009年)和Landsat8(2017年)遥感影像数据定量分析芜湖市热岛强度演变的空间格局的研究结果表明,2002—2017年间,热岛强度呈先上升后下降的趋势。对芜湖市热岛强度进行的转移概率矩阵分析结果显示:2002—2009年间,最稳定的温度等级是热岛区,说明老城区的热岛现象一直存在;2009—2017年间,最不稳定的温度等级是强热岛区,说明热岛效应有缓解的趋势。

Spatial features of land use/land cover change in the United States

With the classifi cation data covering American land-use/land-cover (LUCC) with 30 m resolu tion from the project of National Land Cover Data (NLCD), we normalize d them and made their resolution changed into 1 km ×1 km, created the data of American land-use grade and analyzed the spatial distribution and featur es of American LUCC as well as the influence of population and altit ude on the land-use grade in light of methods of sampling analysis a nd correlation study. Based on the analysis, we concluded that forestr y and grassland, accounting for 71.24% of the whole country, has taken the main part of American land cover, and besides, construction and arable land has occupied 19.22% of the total land, the rest of land cover types, including water area, wetland and underdeveloped land, is 9. 54% of the country's total. The developing potential of American land resources is enormous with less destroyed and disturbed ecological environment. Although, in some sense, the population and altitude influence the sp atial variation of American land-use grade respectively, the influence of spatial variation of altitude and population density on that of la nd-use grade is not significanct.

Improvement of Evaluation Methods for Cultivated Land Quality

As the existing cultivated land quality evaluation index system is unable to accurately evaluate the quality of cultivated land after land remediation,a modified land use coefficient method was established in this study to calculate the land use coefficient of cultivated land after land remediation. An evaluation index system was first established for the land utilization level of cultivated land in the remediation areas.After that,the land utilization level index before and after the remediation was evaluated separately. The ratio of the two was used as the correction factor to correct the original land use coefficient. The corrected land use coefficient was used to evaluate the quality of cultivated land. The quality evaluation and verification of the land remediation areas in Yuzhou City were conducted. It was found that the land use coefficient corrected by the modified method was more consistent with that calculated by production method 5 years after the project acceptance. It suggests that the modified land use coefficient method reflects the impact of land remediation on the quality of cultivated land,and it is more suitable compared with the production method for the quality evaluation of cultivation land in remediation areas.

Discriminant Analysis on Land Grading

This paper proposes the discriminant analysis on land grading after analyzing the common methods and discussing the Fisher’s discriminant in detail. Actually this method deduces the dimension from multi to single, thus it makes the feature vectors in n \|dimension change to a scalar, and use this scalar to classify samples. This paper illustrates the result by giving an example of the residential land grading by the discriminant analysis.

Design of the Urban Land Grading Information System

This paper discusses the urban land grading system based on the self_developed GIS software.The system establishes the system template,the relevant data structure and the empirical formulas of the affecting factor and economic data of land use.Besides,the system can calculate the service radius,sum and land grade automatically.Furthermore,it can do statistics and query on various land information and show the result of land grading with spatial and attribute data.This paper illustrates the result by giving an example of the commercial land grading of the urban area of Wuhan City by the urban land grading system.

A STUDY ON REGIONAL DIFFERENCE OF CHINA＇S PAID URBAN LANDUSE SYSTEM AND GRADING

At present, paid urban landuse system is one of the most important economic reform in China. In the other words, landuse right can be transferred and land users must pay the rent to the state according to the quality of land. It is necessary toapply the theory of rent and location to the economic appraisal of urban land. China is vast in territory. Is's geographical condition and economic development vary from place to place, so does the urban land value. In order to reveal the difference of land value between different cities, the following method is used. (1) Analysing the factors and elements that affect the quality of urban land. Six factors including 17 elements were selected in this paper: macrolocation of a city, benefit of urban aggregation, infrastructure investment, output value of urban land, potential of urban land, and investment intensity. (2) Deciding the weight andvalue of each factor. (3) Appraising each element separately. (4) Accountingthe value of all factors and getting the total appraisal score of each city. (5) Grouping the 430 Chinese cities into sevencategories according to the appraisal values.The result shows that all the cities in the category with the highest land output values are in the coast belt, whereas most cities in the inland and outlying areas are belong to the category with low rank. For example, 87% of the cities in the outlying regions are belong to the lowest rank. Although there are some relationship between the size of cities and urban land rank, generally speaking, the larger the city, the higher the urban land rank. In fact, the locational condition is the most important factor which influences the rank of urban land.

Construction of the Classification and Grading Index System of Cultivated Land Based on the Viewpoint of Sustainable Development

In order to objectively and reasonably evaluate the actual and potential value of cultivated land, both social and ecological values are introduced into the classification and grading index system of cultivated land based on the viewpoint of sustainable development, after considering the natural and economic values of cultivated land. Index system construction of the sustainable utilization of cultivated land should follow the principles of economic viability, social acceptability, and ecological protection. Classification of cultivated land should take into account the soil fertility of cultivated land. Then, grading of cultivated land is carried out from the practical productivity (or potential productivity) of cultivated land. According to the existing classification index system of cultivated land, the soil, natural and environmental factors in plains, mountains and hills are mainly modified in the classification index system of cultivated land. And index systems for the cultivated land classification in plains, mountains and hills are set up. The grading index system of cultivated land is established based on the economic viability (economic value), social acceptability (social value) and protection of cultivated land (ecological value). Quantitative expression of cultivated land grading index is also carried out.

非均匀格网下的耕地集中连片等级划分方法

耕地细碎化导致农业生产成本高、效率低,为了提高耕地利用效率,需实现耕地集中式管理。针对均匀网格在对耕地面积进行表达时数据量冗余和格网尺度选择问题,本文提出了根据斑块平均面积和面积表达误差确定格网最适宜起始和终止尺度的方法,构建基于四叉树的非均匀格网,建立了耕地集中连片分析规则、评价指标体系和技术流程,实现非均匀格网下的耕地集中连片等级划分。以江苏省徐州市为试验区开展耕地集中连片分析。结果表明:①与均匀网格相比,非均匀格网减少了43.8%数据冗余,实现了耕地面积最小误差表达,适用性更强。②徐州耕地连片区域占耕地总面积88.6%,其中50%耕地集中连片等级处于中等偏上水平。③连片区域中有21.4%耕地集中连片等级处于中等以下水平,应将其作为提高区域整体连片等级优先优化的耕地。

三亚市耕地质量等级年度变更评价及质量提升

开展耕地质量等级评价,可建立健全耕地质量等级调查评价与信息发布制度,并准确掌握区域尺度的耕地质量现状及变化趋势,查清影响耕地生产的主要障碍因素,有针对性提出加强耕地质量保护与提升的对策措施与建议,进而提升耕地质量管理水平。以三亚市耕地为对象,开展耕地质量等级年度变更评价。结果表明,全市耕地质量平均等级为5.23,其中高等级地(一级地至三级地)占全市耕地面积的23.52%,中等级地(四级地至六级地)占49.12%,低等级地(七级地至十级地)占27.36%;三亚市耕地的主要障碍因素为障碍层次和渍潜,分别对其提出了改良措施及建议。

土壤有机质含量与粮食单产的相关性分析——以河南省兰考县为例

通过分析土壤有机质含量对粮食单产的影响方式和程度,为耕地土壤测土配方施肥工作中有机质含量的确定提供理论参考,也为粮食生产中的降本增效提供相关建议。以兰考县为例,用3种方式对样点进行处理,分别采用趋势分析法,在散点图中添加拟合曲线,系统研究了2019年耕地质量等别成果中的土壤有机质含量因素和当年203个行政村粮食单产的相关关系,分析了土壤有机质含量对粮食单产的影响。结果表明:粮食单产不会随土壤有机质含量的增加而一直增加,二者的关系在图形上呈开口向下的抛物线形态,理论上存在一个能让粮食单产达到最大值的土壤有机质含量临界值。根据3种拟合曲线,计算出兰考县的土壤有机质含量临界值在12.50~13.00 g/kg之间。参考《高标准农田建设通则》(GB/T 30600—2022)中的相关要求,经过验算和分析,将兰考县土壤有机质含量的临界值确定为15.00 g/kg。建议不同的地区要根据自身情况严格论证土壤有机质含量的临界值,当有机质含量达到临界值后,可以适当减少有机质方面的投入,降低粮食生产成本,同时也不会因过多增加土壤有机质含量而影响粮食产量。

庆阳市西峰区耕地质量等级评价

为了科学开展耕地质量保护和提升,掌握耕地质量等级现状,明确中低产田分布状态,以庆阳市西峰区2021年44个耕地质量调查监测点为研究对象,各监测点从耕层土壤理化性状、剖面构型、土壤养分、田间管理5个层面搜集获取16个评价指标数据,通过空间插值和以点代面的方法予全区耕地单元赋值,运用综合指数法、特尔斐法、层次分析模型法进行耕地等级评价。结果表明,全区耕地可以划分为四、五、六、七、八等地5个等级。全区参与评价的总耕地面积共25881.78hm^(2),其中四等地面积134.09hm^(2),占总耕地面积的0.52%;五等地面积1100.13hm^(2),占4.25%;六等地面积6935.80hm^(2),占26.80%;七等地面积9901.18hm^(2),占38.26%;八等地面积7810.58hm^(2),占30.18%。境内耕地一、二、三等高等级地未分布。由此可见,西峰区耕地质量总体偏低,耕地质量保护和提升工作任重道远。

皖西大别山农耕区表层土壤养分地球化学综合评价及影响因素

土壤养分是影响农作物产量的重要指标,掌握中国主要农业生产区的土壤养分时空演变特征对合理使用农业土地资源具有重要的意义。本文以中国重要农耕区皖西大别山六安地区为研究区,采集浅层土壤(0~20cm)样品1295组,采用硫碳仪、X射线荧光光谱法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法等技术进行测试。应用统计学分析方法,在分析pH值的基础上,对总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和钾(K)和土壤有机质(SOM)四个地球化学养分指标进行单指标养分等级划分和土壤养分综合等级评价,并探讨了各项指标的影响因素。结果表明:研究区98.88%的土壤为酸性土壤(其中8.03%为强酸性土壤),受地貌类型影响较大;TN分布以中等丰富为主,受土壤类型影响较大;TP以中等含量和缺乏为主,受地貌类型的影响较大;K是最为丰富的元素,其含量在中等及以上的比例达97.81%,主要受地貌类型的影响;SOM以中等和较缺乏为主,受土壤类型、土地利用方式和地貌类型的共同影响,且SOM含量与TN含量呈高度正相关。全区土壤养分等级以中等为主,占全区总面积的60.10%,其次是较缺乏土壤,占25.27%,南部山区养分状况优于北部平原区。整体上,研究区土壤具有养分较差、养分分布不均匀、普遍酸化的特点,部分地区应按需调整肥料的使用平衡土壤养分。可通过农田养分的管理,提高农业产量。

基于GIS软件的县级耕地质量等别年度更新评价研究——以松桃县为例

本研究基于GIS软件的空间分析工具,通过选取适宜松桃县的耕地质量等别评定基本参数、评价指标体系及权重,采用“因素法”对2019-2020年度新增、减少类耕地及质量建设耕地等别变化范围进行评定。结果表明,2019-2020年,松桃县减少耕地面积871.02 hm^(2),新增耕地159.91 hm^(2),新增耕地等别集中在9~11,质量建设耕地226.26 hm^(2);与“三调”统一时点耕地质量等别成果对比,提升0.01等别。基于本次耕地质量等别成果动态更新,以期为地区实现耕地资源信息的社会化服务及自然资源数量质量并重管理提供参考。

基于随机森林回归模型的集体经营性建设用地土地级别质量影响因素实证分析

利用南昌市本级集体建设用地定级与基准地价评估的项目,获取南昌市本级辖区258个行政村的调研数据,并运用随机森林回归模型分析农村集体经营性建设用地土地级别质量的影响因素及各类因素的重要性程度,同时验证模型的准确率。结果表明:模型的准确率和决定系数(R^(2))均大于80%,且五折交叉验证结果的准确率也大于80%。因子层重要性全域范围内是宏观区位影响度、繁华程度、产业集聚效应、交通条件和区域规划因子比基础设施条件和环境条件因子更大;其中,城区受产业集聚效应因子影响最大,而城郊受交通规划条件因子影响最大,且两者受繁华程度和交通条件因子影响也较大。因素层重要性全域范围内是宏观区位影响度最大,其次是繁华程度、交通条件、产业集聚效应和区域规划,而其余因素影响相对较小;其中,城区受产业集聚效应影响最大,而城郊受区域规划条件影响最大,其次繁华程度和交通条件也对土地级别质量有较大影响,而宏观区位影响度的影响相对减小。