LD端面泵浦Tm:SrF_(2)电光调Q激光器

高掺杂浓度的Tm^(3+)增益介质能通过交叉弛豫过程提高激光器的量子效率,但同时也会增加能量上转换带来的损耗,从而限制激光器效率的进一步提升。对Tm:SrF_(2)晶体的荧光特性以及激光性能展开研究。在激光二极管(LD)端面泵浦下,实现最大功率2.99 W的自由运转输出,激光器的泵浦阈值为0.89 W,中心波长1851 nm,斜效率高达82.1%。采用KTP电光调Q开关演示了Tm:SrF_(2)激光器的电光调Q输出特性。在500 Hz重复频率下,获得了1.02 mJ的最大单脉冲能量,泵浦阈值为2.01 W,最短脉冲宽度为45 ns,对应峰值功率为22.67 kW。实验结果表明,基于LD泵浦的Tm:SrF_(2)激光器具有非常高的效率,有望成为中红外光学参量振荡器(OPO)和光学参量放大器(OPA)的理想泵浦源。

Improvements of Traditional Laser Fraunhofer Diffraction Experiment Using Digital Image Processing Method

We present an improved digital image processing(DIP)method to calculate the widths of single slits.Different from the traditional laser Fraunhofer diffraction experiment in college physical experiments,by performing fast Fourier transform,inverse fast Fourier transform and the nonlinear leastsquare fitting on the diffraction pattern taken by a camera,the DIP method can quickly return an analytic expression,whose period is used to calculate widths of single slits.By comparing the measured results by the DIP method and the successional difference(SD)method,we find that for a single slit whose width is 60372μm,the DIP method is more accurate.Experimental results show that for single slits with widths between 40μm and 160μm,the relative error of the DIP method is less than 2.78%.Also,the DIP method can be used to measure the diameter of filament and fibres online in real time.

Far-field vector-diffraction of off-axis parabolic mirror under oblique incidence

Based on a full vector-diffraction theory, a detailed theoretical study is carried out, aiming at providing a clear insight into the effects of different focusing and off-axis parabola parameters on far-field vector-diffraction properties of an offaxis parabolic mirror in the presence of misalignments of the incoming beam. The physical origin of these effects is also explored. The results show that the far-field intensity profile is altered by the distortion-, coma-, and astigmatism-like aberrations, which are caused by oblique incidence rather than inherent aberrations for the off-axis configuration. The radius of 90% encircled energy also increases but does not change monotonically with incident beam size increasing, or rather,it first decreases and then increases. The focal shift strongly depends on the effective focal length and oblique incidence angle, but it is almost independent of the beam size, which affects the focusing spot patterns. The intensity distribution produces a higher astigmatic image with off-axis angle increasing. Coma-like aberration starts to become dominant with beam size increasing and results in larger curved propagation trajectory. The incident polarization also affects the intensity distribution. The variation in the Strehl ratio with oblique incidence angle strongly depends on the misalignment direction and beam size as well. In addition, we find that the difference in locus between the catacaustic and the diffraction focus in the meridian is small. But the locus of the sagittal foci is obviously different from the locus of the meridian foci and the catacaustic focus. Moreover, the peak intensity of the sagittal focus is maximum, and the ratio of the peak intensity to that in the meridian plane is approximately 1.5. Understanding these effects is valuable for assessing a practical focused intensity and describing the motion of charged particles under a strong electric field in ultraintense laser–matter interaction.

Three-dimensional coherent diffraction imaging of Mie-scattering spheres by laser single-orientation measurement

Three-dimensional imaging with single orientation is a potential and novel technique. We successfully demonstrate that three-dimensional（3D） structure can be determined by a single orientation diffraction measurement for a phase object of double-layer Mie-scattering silica spheres on a Si3N4 membrane. Coherent diffraction pattern at high numerical aperture was acquired with an optical laser, and the oversampled pattern was projected from a planar detector onto the Ewald sphere.The double-layered spheres are reconstructed from the spherical diffraction pattern and a 2D curvature-corrected pattern,which improve convergence speed and stability of reconstruction.

Optical diffraction gratings embedded in BK-7 glass by low-density plasma formation using femtosecond laser

The optical embedded diffraction gratings with the internal refractive index modification in BK-7 glass plates were demonstrated using low-density plasma formation excited by a high-intensity femtosecond （130 fs） Ti： sapphire laser （λp=790 rim）. The refractive index modifications with diameters ranging from 400 nm to 4 gm were photoinduced after plasma formation occurred upon irradiation with peak intensities of more than 1 ×10^13 W/cm2. The graded refractive index profile was fabricated to be a symmetric around the center of the point at which low-density plasma occurred. The maximum refractive index change （An） was estimated to be 1.5x10 2. Several optical embedded gratings in BK-7 glass plate were demonstrated with refractive index modification induced by the scanning of low-density plasma formation.

Microstructural origins of high strength of Al-Si alloy manufactured by laser powder bed fusion:In-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction approach

The microstructural factors contributing to the high strength of additive-manufactured Al-Si alloys us-ing laser-beam powder bed fusion(PBF-LB)were identified by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction in tensile deformation and transmission electron microscopy.PBF-LB and heat treatment were employed to manufacture Al-12%Si binary alloy specimens with different microstructures.At an early stage of de-formation prior to macroscopic yielding,stress was dominantly partitioned into the α-Al matrix,rather than the Si phase in all specimens.Highly concentrated Si solute(~3%)in the α-Al matrix promoted the dynamic precipitation of nanoscale Si phase during loading,thereby increasing the yield strength.After macroscopic yielding,the partitioned stress in the Si phase monotonically increased in the strain-hardening regime with an increase in the dislocation density in the α-Al matrix.At a later stage of strain hardening,the flow curves of the partitioned stress in the Si phase yielded stress relaxation owing to plastic deformation.Therefore,Si-phase particles localized along the cell walls in the cellular-solidified microstructure play a significant role in dislocation obstacles for strain hardening.Compared with the results of the heat-treated specimens with different microstructural factors,the dominant strengthening factors of PBF-LB manufactured Al-Si alloys were discussed.

Mechanism of laser welding of SiC reinforced LD2 aluminum metal matrix composite

In this paper the mechanism of SiC_P/LD2 aluminum matrix composites during laser welding was investigated. The emphasis was laid on the study of the distribution of aluminum carbides in whole welds. The joint can be divided into three regions both in depth and in width. The depth is divided into severe reaction region, partial reaction region, and no reaction region. In these regions, the extent of interfacial reaction varies gradually, the shape of reactants varies from long to fine. In width it can also be divided into severe reaction region, partial reaction region, and initial reaction region from the center of the weld to about the welding junction. In the initial reaction region, nucleation and growth of the reaction products on the surface of SiC particles can be observed by using TEM. The investigation showed that the quantity and size of SiC are relative to the temperature gradient in the molten pool.

Self-Mixing Interference Effects in LD Pumped Multi-Mode Solid-State Laser

Based on the effective structure of the self-mixing interference effects,a general model for the self-mixing interference effects in the LD pumped solid-state laser has been established for the first time.The numerical simulation of the self-mixing interference signal has been done,the results show that when the external cavity length is integral times of 1/2,1/3,2/3,1/4,3/4 of the effective cavity length,the intensity of the self-mixing interference signals reach maximum in value.While that of single mode laser is integral times of half of the effective cavity length,the measuring precision of displacement of single mode laser is λ/2.A conclusion can be drawn from the above results that the measuring precision of displacement of multi-mode laser is higher than that of single mode laser.

LD端面泵浦Er:Yb:glass/Co:MALO晶体热效应分析

为了减弱激光二极管端面泵浦固体激光器热效应的影响,提高激光谐振腔稳定性及改善激光器的输出特性,以激光二极管端面泵浦Er:Yb:glass/Co:MALO晶体为研究对象,采用有限元分析方法,并根据热传导理论对其进行多物理场耦合热效应分析,系统分析了非键合和键合晶体、泵浦中心波长、功率以及束腰半径对激光晶体的温度场、热应力场以及形变量的影响。结果表明:键合晶体中Co:MALO晶体不仅起到了被动调Q的作用,还起到了热沉的效果,可以有效改善晶体内部的温度分布、热应力和形变量。中心波长为940 nm的泵浦对晶体的穿透性远高于976 nm,采用940 nm的泵浦可以改善晶体的最高温度,但976 nm泵浦结构是扩散键合较安全的结构。由于增大泵浦功率会导致晶体单位面积功率密度分布的增加,热效应也会加剧,泵浦功率增大100 mW对应温度增加9 K,热应力增加1.5 MPa,热形变增加0.5μm。减小泵浦光束半径也会导致热效应的增加,但影响相较于功率不明显。理论分析结果可为激光二极管端面泵浦铒镱共掺磷酸盐玻璃1.5μm固体激光器减小热效应的合理优化设计提供数据理论支持。

LD Pumped High Efficient Intracavity Frequency-Doubled Green Laser

A laser diode (LD) pumped Q switched high efficient intracavity frequency doubled Nd ∶YAG laser is reported here. The authors have designed an optical coupler and pointed out that the key to increasing harmonic conversion efficiency is to decrease the loss of fundamental wave. In the experiments, a fundamental mode output laser was acquired. When the pumping power was 12 W, 2.6 W average output power at 1 064 nm with AO Q switch was obtained. 2.1 W average output power at 532 nm was obtained with intracavity frequency doubling, and the highest second harmonic conversion efficiency was 82 0 0.

Effect of Droop Phenomenon in InGaN/GaN Blue Laser Diodes on Threshold Current

Electroluminescence （EL） and temperature-dependent photolumineseenee measurements are performed to study the internal quantum efficiency droop phenomenon of blue laser diodes （LDs） before lasing. Based on the ABC mode, the EL result demonstrates that non-radiative recombination rates of LDs with threshold current densities of 4 and 6kA/cm2 are similar, while LD with threshold current density of 4kA/cm2 exhibits a smaller auger- like recombination rate compared with the one of 6kA/cm2. The internal quantum efficiency droop is more serious for LD with higher threshold current density. temperature-dependent photoluminescence is consistent The internal quantum efficiency value estimated from with EL measurements.

Analysis and design of CW-LD pumped stable Q-switched laser

A high power continuous wave (CW) laser diode (LD) pumped acousto-optic Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser is presented. A short pulse at the 1064 nm is obtained. With a repetition rate of 50 kHz,the maximum average output power of 5.72 W is achieved. The optical conversion efficiency and the slope efficiency are up to 28% and 32.4% respectively. At the repetition rate of 10 kHz and the pulse width of 16.3ns, the maximum single pulse energy of 286 μJ and the peak power of 13kW are acquired. The laser can be used as a signal source in the free-space optical communication. The output signal agrees with the modulate signal well.

连续可调纳秒脉冲LD驱动电源的研制

为了满足单模尾纤输出脉冲半导体激光器及其后级光放大的要求,研制了一种重频、脉宽及峰值电流均连续可调的纳秒脉冲驱动电源。该电源使用功率场效应管作为开关,通过分析其驱动特性,采用合适的栅极驱动电路,从而缩短了脉冲宽度,增加了带负载能力;同时电源中的保护电路采用自断电等保护措施,能有效保证LD的安全工作。实验结果表明,该驱动电源工作稳定,能满足单模尾纤输出脉冲LD重频、脉宽、峰值可调的要求。

LD泵浦Nd∶YVO_4晶体LBO倍频457 nm蓝色激光器

用国产半导体激光二极管泵浦Nd∶YVO4晶体,在室温下获得914nm激光连续输出,用Ⅰ类临界位相匹配LBO腔内倍频获得457nm蓝色激光输出当泵浦注入功率为1.7W时倍频蓝激光最大输出达20mW,光光转换效率为1.2%,功率稳定性24h内优于±3%

LD泵浦高效率折叠腔YAG/LBO蓝光激光器

介绍了一种 LD泵浦的高效率 Nd∶YAG/LBO蓝光激光器。采用 LBO代替 KN晶体进行腔内倍频 ;采用 V型谐振腔结构。实验证明 ,该设计具有倍频效率高、稳定性好、适合产品化等优点。在注入泵浦光功率为 1 .2 W时 ,获得 TEM0 0 模蓝激光输出达 63m W,偏振比超过1 2 0∶ 1 ,2 4 h功率不稳定度优于± 3%

LD泵浦Nd∶YVO_4/LBO临界相位匹配腔内倍频瓦级绿光激光器

报道了一种光纤耦合LD泵浦Nd∶YVO4 晶体、腔内Ⅰ类临界相位匹配 (角度匹配 )LBO倍频、瓦级输出的全固态绿光激光器的设计方法和实验结果 采用短三镜折叠腔结构 ,通过对热透镜焦距的估算及计算机优化设计选取合适的谐振腔参量 ,在 8W的泵浦功率下 ,获得了 1.6W绿光基模输出 ,光 光转换效率达 2 0 % 经测量 ,绿光的偏振比超过 4 0 0∶1,4h功率稳定度为± 1 6 %

LD泵浦Nd∶YVO_4/LBO腔内和频连续黄光激光器

用国产半导体激光二极管泵浦Nd∶YVO4晶体,通过优化膜系,调节1064nm谱线的线性损耗以达到与弱谱线1342nm增益匹配,在室温下实现1064nm和1342nm双波长连续运转,并通过Ⅰ类临界相位匹配LBO晶体腔内和频在国内首次实现593.5nm黄色激光连续输出,当泵浦注入功率为1.8W时和频黄激光最大输出达85mW,光光转换效率为4.7%,功率稳定性24h内优于±2.8%.

LD泵浦腔内和频连续589nm黄光激光器

在理论上分析和计算了Nd∶YAG激光器双波长同时运转时输出镜的透过率 ,提出在双波长共同运转的前提下适当减小输出镜对增益较大谱线的透过率 ,可以获得更高的腔内和频效率 ,并从实验上加以证实。实验中利用 2W激光二极管端面泵浦Nd∶YAG的方式 ,得到10 6 4nm和 1319nm连续的双波长运转 ,在优化输出镜透过率以后 ,在腔内加入Ⅰ类临界相位匹配切割的LBO和频晶体得到 2 0mW的 5

LD阵列半环形对称抽运的固体激光器

为解决激光晶体传导冷却与输出光束能量分布对称性之间的矛盾,针对半导体激光器(LD)抽运高功率固体激光器,提出了半环形侧面对称抽运的方式。对多LD阵列同时抽运激光晶体的吸收与增益情况进行了计算,并在实验中予以验证,采用半环形对称抽运的方式,在20Hz的工作频率下,以总抽运单脉冲276m J的能量获得最大63.6m J的圆形对称脉冲激光输出,斜效率34%。实验结果表明,采用对称抽运结构能够有效地改善输出光束的空间分布,获得较为对称的激光输出。

上海软X射线自由电子激光单脉冲成像定时的设计与实现

上海软X射线自由电子激光装置(SXFEL)是我国首台X射线自由电子激光用户装置,目前建有2条波荡器线、2条光束线以及5个实验站.装置可提供2—15 nm波长(80—620 eV)的X射线脉冲,用于高时空分辨的前沿科学研究.利用XFEL高亮度、短脉冲和全相干的特性实现单脉冲相干衍射成像,可以有效地减轻辐射损伤,提高图像的空间分辨率.SXFEL设计重复频率为50 Hz,实现单脉冲成像的关键在于通过定时系统能够精确地控制X射线脉冲到达样品点的时间,以确保只有一个脉冲被选中用于成像.同时,还需要与成像系统的触发进行同步,以确保成像系统在正确的时间采集X射线脉冲与样品作用后的图像.本文介绍了SXFEL单脉冲成像定时的设计与实现.通过单脉冲成像的结果表明该定时方案能满足在50 Hz的SXFEL开展单脉冲成像的需求.