In order to maximize the lethality and reversibility of the non-lethal laser weapons(NLLW) at the same time and thus provide a theoretical basis for the R&D of laser weapons in the future,this paper accurately ana...In order to maximize the lethality and reversibility of the non-lethal laser weapons(NLLW) at the same time and thus provide a theoretical basis for the R&D of laser weapons in the future,this paper accurately analyzed the limiting biological dose of irreversible damage to human skin caused by the NLLW.Firstly,based on the burn theory in medicine and the actual tactical background,this paper redefines the evaluation criteria of the limiting laser dose of NLLW to the human body.Secondly,on the basis of anatomical knowledge,a 5-layer finite element model(FEM) of superficial skin is proposed,constructed and verified,which can accurately describe the limiting reversible damage.Based on the optimized Pennes bioheat transfer equation,the diffusion approximation theory,the modified Beer-Lambert law,the Arrhenius equation,and combined with dynamic thermophysical parameters,this paper highly restored the temperature distribution and accurately solved the necrotic tissue distribution inside the human skin irradiated by 1064 nm laser.Finally,it is concluded that the maximum human dose of the1064 nm NLLW is 8.93 J/cm^(2),8.29J/cm^(2),and 8.17 J/cm^(2) when the light spots are 5 mm,10 mm and15 mm,respectively,and the corresponding output power of the weapon is 46.74 W,173.72 W and384.77 W.Simultaneously,the temperature and damage distribution in the tissue at the time of ultimate damage are discussed from the axial and radial dimensions,respectively.The conclusions and analysis methods proposed in this paper are of great guiding significance for future research in military,medical and many other related fields.展开更多
In our highly globalized but culturally divided world whereby so-called defense industry is implied as both innovative and progressive, as contemporaneously the international legal doctrine is conceived to be static a...In our highly globalized but culturally divided world whereby so-called defense industry is implied as both innovative and progressive, as contemporaneously the international legal doctrine is conceived to be static and conservative. This doubly bound narrative itself is almost as old as international law wherein the most striking contradictory moments happened in the era of, and between two world wars： In such a way that our thinking of legal and other fields owe much more thereto than we realize today. In this study, it is purported to call attention to some key understandings which may be termed as militarist humanitarianism, humanitarian militarism, or, optimist scientism, and pessimist humanitarianism. As such, it is intended to examine international issues pertaining to humanitarianism and militarism through the lens of different perspectives, doctrine-itself and their history as enshrined in the Protocol IV on Blinding Laser Weapons, issues which are almost totally neglected in the mainstream media and academia.展开更多
The laser weapons will play a special role in the future high-tech war.To study the impact of airborne laser weapon on the System-of-System(SoS)effectiveness in cooperative com-bat,this paper proposes an indicator con...The laser weapons will play a special role in the future high-tech war.To study the impact of airborne laser weapon on the System-of-System(SoS)effectiveness in cooperative com-bat,this paper proposes an indicator construction method based on the combination of the weapon capability indicator system and the combat simulation.The indicator system of capability is divided into 4 layers by the bottom-to-up generation mechanism of indicators.It can describe the logical relationship between the indicator layers from a qualitative perspective.Together with the 4 layers capability indicator system,a hierarchical framework of airborne laser weapon is established by the agent-based modeling and simulation.Impact analyses show that the SoS effectiveness improves with the increase of the laser weapon output power,the laser launcher diameter,and the photoelectric sensor pixel.But the SoS effectiveness promotion brought by the photoelectric sensor pixel is limited.The results can be used for the development of tactical airborne laser weapon.展开更多
Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a v...Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a variety of analysis programs for battlefield targets to traditional weapons have been developed,but a comprehensive assessment methodology for targets'vulnerability to laser is still missing.Based on the shotline method,this paper proposes a method that equates laser beam to shotline array,an efficient vulnerability analysis program of target to laser is established by this method,and the program includes the circuit board and the wire into the vulnerability analysis category,which improves the precision of the vulnerability analysis.Taking the UAV engine part as the target of vulnerability analysis,combine with the"life-death unit method"to calculate the laser penetration rate of various materials of the UAV,and the influence of laser weapon system parameters and striking orientation on the killing probability is quantified after introducing the penetration rate into the vulnerability analysis program.The quantitative analysis method proposed in this paper has certain general expansibility,which can provide a fresh idea for the vulnerability analysis of other targets to laser.展开更多
美国定向能机动近程防空(directed energy maneuver-short range air defense,DE M-SHORAD)计划通过击伤、摧毁或压制旋转翼无人机、固定翼无人机以及火箭弹、火炮炮弹、迫击炮弹(rockets,artillery and mortar,RAM)等威胁目标,为机动...美国定向能机动近程防空(directed energy maneuver-short range air defense,DE M-SHORAD)计划通过击伤、摧毁或压制旋转翼无人机、固定翼无人机以及火箭弹、火炮炮弹、迫击炮弹(rockets,artillery and mortar,RAM)等威胁目标,为机动部队提供伴随防空,对抗新兴威胁,属于美国陆军防空反导现代化的优先项目之一。首先介绍了DE M-SHORAD研制计划;其次详细分析了系统结构,并由系统参数评估了系统的作战性能;最后梳理了系统的研制进展。通过综合分析可知,DE M-SHORAD系统采用最佳组件,通过快速原型方法实现激光武器系统在装甲车上的集成;为降低技术风险,该计划在发展方式上分为两个阶段,首先集成、测试2 kW~5 kW机动实验型高能激光器(mobile experimental high-energy laser,MEHEL),然后再研制50 kW级的多任务高能激光器(multi-mission high-energy laser,MMHEL)。经计算可得:MEHEL和MMHEL对无人机的最大射程分别约为0.77 km、4.8 km。展开更多
达到或者超过100 k W的激光输出是激光武器用于反导反卫等战略防御的终极发展目标。基于激光武器发展目标与最新动向,提出了多模式激光复合损伤新思路,即采用不同波长、连续与脉冲、频率变化的激光,同时或交替作用在同一靶材上,获得更...达到或者超过100 k W的激光输出是激光武器用于反导反卫等战略防御的终极发展目标。基于激光武器发展目标与最新动向,提出了多模式激光复合损伤新思路,即采用不同波长、连续与脉冲、频率变化的激光,同时或交替作用在同一靶材上,获得更好的损伤效果。构建了脉冲/连续激光复合损伤物理模型,并用有限元法进行了仿真模拟,使用2 k W连续激光器与10 J长脉冲激光器开展了损伤对比实验。模拟和实验结果表明,脉冲激光烧蚀金属靶材效果优于连续激光;在两种激光复合或交替作用下出现"非线性雪崩烧蚀"效应,复合烧蚀效果明显优于脉冲激光,烧蚀质量是脉冲激光的13倍。这一效应,为战术激光武器向"合束多模式同轴输出"新体制发展提供了基础。展开更多
文摘In order to maximize the lethality and reversibility of the non-lethal laser weapons(NLLW) at the same time and thus provide a theoretical basis for the R&D of laser weapons in the future,this paper accurately analyzed the limiting biological dose of irreversible damage to human skin caused by the NLLW.Firstly,based on the burn theory in medicine and the actual tactical background,this paper redefines the evaluation criteria of the limiting laser dose of NLLW to the human body.Secondly,on the basis of anatomical knowledge,a 5-layer finite element model(FEM) of superficial skin is proposed,constructed and verified,which can accurately describe the limiting reversible damage.Based on the optimized Pennes bioheat transfer equation,the diffusion approximation theory,the modified Beer-Lambert law,the Arrhenius equation,and combined with dynamic thermophysical parameters,this paper highly restored the temperature distribution and accurately solved the necrotic tissue distribution inside the human skin irradiated by 1064 nm laser.Finally,it is concluded that the maximum human dose of the1064 nm NLLW is 8.93 J/cm^(2),8.29J/cm^(2),and 8.17 J/cm^(2) when the light spots are 5 mm,10 mm and15 mm,respectively,and the corresponding output power of the weapon is 46.74 W,173.72 W and384.77 W.Simultaneously,the temperature and damage distribution in the tissue at the time of ultimate damage are discussed from the axial and radial dimensions,respectively.The conclusions and analysis methods proposed in this paper are of great guiding significance for future research in military,medical and many other related fields.
文摘In our highly globalized but culturally divided world whereby so-called defense industry is implied as both innovative and progressive, as contemporaneously the international legal doctrine is conceived to be static and conservative. This doubly bound narrative itself is almost as old as international law wherein the most striking contradictory moments happened in the era of, and between two world wars： In such a way that our thinking of legal and other fields owe much more thereto than we realize today. In this study, it is purported to call attention to some key understandings which may be termed as militarist humanitarianism, humanitarian militarism, or, optimist scientism, and pessimist humanitarianism. As such, it is intended to examine international issues pertaining to humanitarianism and militarism through the lens of different perspectives, doctrine-itself and their history as enshrined in the Protocol IV on Blinding Laser Weapons, issues which are almost totally neglected in the mainstream media and academia.
文摘The laser weapons will play a special role in the future high-tech war.To study the impact of airborne laser weapon on the System-of-System(SoS)effectiveness in cooperative com-bat,this paper proposes an indicator construction method based on the combination of the weapon capability indicator system and the combat simulation.The indicator system of capability is divided into 4 layers by the bottom-to-up generation mechanism of indicators.It can describe the logical relationship between the indicator layers from a qualitative perspective.Together with the 4 layers capability indicator system,a hierarchical framework of airborne laser weapon is established by the agent-based modeling and simulation.Impact analyses show that the SoS effectiveness improves with the increase of the laser weapon output power,the laser launcher diameter,and the photoelectric sensor pixel.But the SoS effectiveness promotion brought by the photoelectric sensor pixel is limited.The results can be used for the development of tactical airborne laser weapon.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62005276,62175234)the Scientific and Technological Development Program of Jilin,China(Grant No.20230508111RC)to provide fund for this research。
文摘Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a variety of analysis programs for battlefield targets to traditional weapons have been developed,but a comprehensive assessment methodology for targets'vulnerability to laser is still missing.Based on the shotline method,this paper proposes a method that equates laser beam to shotline array,an efficient vulnerability analysis program of target to laser is established by this method,and the program includes the circuit board and the wire into the vulnerability analysis category,which improves the precision of the vulnerability analysis.Taking the UAV engine part as the target of vulnerability analysis,combine with the"life-death unit method"to calculate the laser penetration rate of various materials of the UAV,and the influence of laser weapon system parameters and striking orientation on the killing probability is quantified after introducing the penetration rate into the vulnerability analysis program.The quantitative analysis method proposed in this paper has certain general expansibility,which can provide a fresh idea for the vulnerability analysis of other targets to laser.
文摘达到或者超过100 k W的激光输出是激光武器用于反导反卫等战略防御的终极发展目标。基于激光武器发展目标与最新动向,提出了多模式激光复合损伤新思路,即采用不同波长、连续与脉冲、频率变化的激光,同时或交替作用在同一靶材上,获得更好的损伤效果。构建了脉冲/连续激光复合损伤物理模型,并用有限元法进行了仿真模拟,使用2 k W连续激光器与10 J长脉冲激光器开展了损伤对比实验。模拟和实验结果表明,脉冲激光烧蚀金属靶材效果优于连续激光;在两种激光复合或交替作用下出现"非线性雪崩烧蚀"效应,复合烧蚀效果明显优于脉冲激光,烧蚀质量是脉冲激光的13倍。这一效应,为战术激光武器向"合束多模式同轴输出"新体制发展提供了基础。
