Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the mixed clastic-carbonate deposits in the Late Paleozoic icehouse period:A case study from the northern Qaidam Basin

The widely-developed,mixed clastic-carbonate succession in the northern Qaidam Basin records the paleo-environment changes under the glacial activity during the Late Paleozoic icehouse period in the context of regional tectonic stability,however,the depositional environment and sequence stratigraphy characteristics of the mixed deposits is rarely reported and still not clear.Combined the latest drilling wells data,we analyzed the sedimentary and stratigraphic characterization of the mixed strata via detailed field outcrops and core observations and thin section microscopic observations and recognized three depositional systems,including progradational coastal system,incised valley system,and carbonate-dominated marine shelf system,and identified four third-order sequences,SQ1,SQ2,SQ3 and SQ4,consisting of LST,TST,and HST.The depositional environment is overall belonged to marine-continental transition context and shifted from marine to continental environment frequently,showing an evolutionary pattern from marine towards terrestrial-marine transition and then back into the marine environment again in the long-term,which was controlled by the regional tectonic subsidence and the high-frequency and large-amplitude sea-level changes due to the Late Paleozoic glacial activity.The result is of significance in understanding the evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the sedimentation-climate response.

Mechanism of the Effect of Bacillus coagulans on Production Performance of Laying Hens in Late Laying Period

[Objective]The paper was to investigate the mechanism of Bacillus coagulans preparation in improving production performance of laying hens in late period of laying.[Method]A total of 648 individuals of"Jingfen 1"laying hens(66 weeks of age)in late period of laying were randomly divided into four groups,six replicates each group,and each group had 27 individuals of laying hens.The laying hens in control group were fed with basal diet,and those in experimental groupsⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with the basal diets added with 3.33×10^6,1×10^7,3.33×10^7 CFU/g B.coagulans,respectively.The pretrial lasted one week,and the formal test lasted eight weeks.[Result]Compared with the control group,the laying rate in group Ⅰ increased significantly,and the feed-gain ratio in experimental group Ⅱ decreased noticeably while the spleen index increased remarkably;the alkaline phosphatase activities and blood calcium content in experimental groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased significantly(P<0.05),while the triglyceride content decreased remarkably(P<0.05);the urea content in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ decreased obviously(P<0.05).Adding B.coagulans significantly increased the specific activity of amylase,lipase and protease in various intestinal mucosa of small intestine(P<0.05);adding B.coagulans significantly increased the content of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and estradiol(E2),and significantly increased the mRNA expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor gene(FSHR).[Conclusion]B.coagulans preparation could significantly improve the production performance of laying hens in late period of laying;appropriately enhance the immune capacity of laying hens;improve the serum biochemical indicators;increase the activity of digestive enzymes in the small intestine;and promote the release of gonadal hormone and the mRNA expression of FSHR gene in the ovary.

Effects of Xylooligosaccharide(XOS)and Probiotics(PRO)on Production Performance,Egg Quality and Intestinal Short-chain Fatty Acids of Laying Hens in Late Laying Period

[Objective]The paper was to study the effects of xylooligosaccharide(XOS)and probiotics(PRO)and their interaction on the production performance,egg quality and intestinal short-chain fatty acids of laying hens in late laying period.[Method]A total of 36074-week-old Romain brown laying hens were randomly divided into four groups,six replicates each group and 15 chickens each replicate.The trial lasted 63 d.The laying hens in control group(CON)were fed with basal diet,and those in experimental groups were fed with the basal diets adding with 150 mg/kg XOS(XOS group),100 mg/kg probiotics(PRO group),150 mg/kg XOS+100 mg/kg probiotics(XOS-PRO group).[Result]Compared with the control group,the laying rate,daily egg production,yolk ratio,colonic acetic acid and caecal propionic acid in XOS group increased significantly(P<0.05),and the feed gain ratio decreased remarkably(P<0.05).PRO had no significant effect on the production performance and egg quality of laying hens in late laying period(P>0.05),but significantly increased colonic acetic acid(P<0.05).XOS and PRO had no interaction effect on the production performance,egg quality and intestinal short-chain fatty acids of laying hens in late laying period(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Adding XOS to the diet of laying hens in late laying period could increase the content of short-chain fatty acids in the hindgut of laying hens,and effectively improve the production performance and egg quality of laying hens in late laying period.Adding PRO to the diet did not significantly improve the production performance and egg quality of laying hens,and there was no interaction effect between XOS and PRO.

Social development and living environment changes in the Northeast Tibetan Plateau and contiguous regions during the late prehistoric period

The relationship between the evolution of human societies and their living environments has been discussed intensively in recent decades.It is important to understand the patterns and mechanisms of human–environment interaction and evolution in order to cope with rapidly changing environments in the modern world.We reviewed the results of dating,archaeobotanical,and zooarchaeological studies from 139 prehistoric sites in the Northeast Tibetan Plateau(NETP)and contiguous regions(NETP-CR:i.e.,the Hexi Corridor and western margin of the Chinese Loess Plateau)and compared them with paleoenvironmental records to study variations in spatiotemporal patterns of social development in the area and their relationships with climate and vegetation changes.Our results show that hunter-gatherer groups occupied vast areas of the NETP at low intensities during^15,000–5500 BP(years before present).This was directly related to forest cover and climate change.An increase in temperature and precipitation turnover of vegetation from desert steppe to alpine meadow/subalpine shrub,and recovery of animal population on the Tibetan Plateau created more food resources and space for hunter-gatherers.Millet farmers settled extensively below 2500 m a.s.l.(meters above sea level)in the NETP-CR between^5500 and 3600 BP,and might have coexisted with hunting groups above 2500 m a.s.l.via subsistence exchange.The distribution of human settlements during that period was affected by climate change,with the relatively warm and wet climate promoting the expansion of millet agriculture to the NETP-CR during 5500–4500 BP,while climate deterioration caused humans to retreat to lower altitudes.During 3600–2200 BP,a range of livelihoods emerged in different regions of the NETPCR.This was promoted by early trans-Eurasian exchange and the development of an agro-pastoral economy that utilized cold-tolerant crops and livestock.This eventually promoted the expansion of permanent human settlements to high-altitude areas in the NETP.This study found that human societies adopted various strategies to adapt to the changing living environment throughout late prehistoric times in the NETP-CR.The results provide a long-term perspective on the trajectory of regional socio-environmental co-evolution.

CHINESE LADY'S DAILY WEAR IN LATE QING DYNASTY AND EARLY REPUBLIC PERIOD

The goal of this research is to describe and analyze women’s wear in the late Qing Dynasty andearly Republic Period(late 19th c.—early 20th c.),with an emphasis on the daily informal orsemi-formal wear,though some formal or ceremonial costumes such as wedding dress will also beincluded.This study will use Chinese costumes and textiles from many museums to fill in theblanks left by previous research and to give a more detailed and accurate description.It will alsouse historical documents to find the original names of these items and to illustrate a general conceptof their usage on different occasions.The different categories of women’s wear will be described in the following order:①robes orcoats;②jackets;③waistcoats or vests;④skirts;⑤pants and leggings;⑥shoes and socks;⑦headdresses;and⑧others.Of every category,the textiles,decoration,cut,form,style,colourand motif will be discussed.The way in which these items were combined will also be discussed.The comparison between women’s wear and men’s wear,women’s and children’s informal andformal dress will be given.Here are some tentative conclusions.First,the Manchu and Han style coexisted and mixedwith each other and were worn by both Manchu and Han women.Second,the basic silhouettesand cuts were relatively stable and conventional,while the decorations and details(openings,fasten-ings,pleats,vents,collars and hemlines)were different.The former represented accepted socialstandards while the latter could be a matter of personal taste.Third,women’s wear in that periodwere highly stylized,miscellaneous,elaborate,detailed,multicolored and multi-thematic.

A combination of castration with(125)~I brachtherapy in middle and late period prostate cancer

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of castration with 125 I brachtherapy in middle and late stage prostate cancer. Methods Sixty-six patients with prostate cancer from 2004 to 2009 were analyzed,40 were at clinical stage C and 26 were at clinical stage D,

Effect of Different Seedling Age on the Growth and Yield of Double Cropping of Late Rice

The study aims to solve the problems of late transplanting rice with differ- ent seedling ages at the lower reaches of Yangtze River. We selected six varieties of different thermal and photo-response characteristics as the test material to study the effect of different seedling ages on growth and yield of rice. The results showed that growing period of thermal-response rice was delayed by long seedling age, but less affected by the impact of photo-response rice; the yield of later thermal-re- sponse varieties with 25 days and 30 days seedling ages was significantly reduced. In contrast, the yield of early thermal-response varieties and later photo-response varieties were significantly reduced with 30 days seedling age. The optimal trans- planting seedling age was 15 days of thermal-response rice, while photo-response rice was 20 days. The thermal-response rice should be selected as early maturing varieties, while the photo-response rice could be selected as late maturing varieties for high yield.

A New High-resolution Late Glacial-Holocene Climatic Record from Eastern Nanling Mountains in South China

A 350-cm-long sediment core sequence from Dahu Swamp situated in the eastern Nanling Mountains was selected for high-resolution paleoclimatic reconstruction since the Late Glacial period. The multi-proxy records of this paper reveal several evidently dry and cold events that may coincide with the Oldest Dryas, the Older Dryas, the Younger Dryas in the late deglacial period. Two relatively wetter and warmer phases occurred in ca. 15,000-14,400 cal yr B.P. and 13,500-12,800 cal yr B.P. respectively may correspond to the Boiling and Allerod warming events. The Younger Dryas event （ca. 12,800-11,500 cal yr B.P.） revealed by multi-proxies was characterized by relatively colder and drier climate. A warmer and wetter climate, occurred in ca. 10,000~5000 cal yr B.P., was consistent with the Holoeene Optimum, which coincided with the maximum Northern Hemisphere insolation. The ＂8.2kyr cool event＂ and even the ＂8.8kyr cool event＂ were indicated as well from our sediment core. A dry mid-Holocene period （ca. 60000 3000 cal yr B.P.） indicated by multi-proxies does not follow the traditional concept of the wet mid-Holocene conditions observed in other regions in China.

Social Classes and Cultural Connotations of Yangzhou Home Gardens during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

During the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China(1870-1930),the social classes in Yangzhou were basically dominated by officials,businessmen,and scholars.In the building number,scale,and functional evolution of their home gardens,these three classes were different,reflecting abundant connotation of characteristic of the time and regional culture,revealing the inheritance path of Yangzhou culture,as well as the richness and diversity of home gardens in Yangzhou during the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China.

Shakespeare:Related History and Creation Themes

As a world-level author,Shakespeare is more and more popular to Chinese readers.However,Shakespeare is hard to un⁃derstand for students who are not familiar to British history.To facilitate the understanding of Shakespeare’s plays,this paper intro⁃duces the historical background and historical events depicted in the works of Shakespeare and lists several themes discussed in Shakespeare’s history plays and tragedies.

极端涝害条件下晚播对超强筋小麦济麦44产量与品质的影响

2021年度,山东发生极端涝害,小麦播期整体延迟。本研究以超强筋小麦济麦44为材料,设置5个播期,分析极端涝害条件下不同播期对济麦44产量和品质性状的影响。结果表明:冬前分蘖随播期推迟而明显减少;产量随播期推迟而降低,W_(1)处理(10月25日播种)的最高,为8359.05 kg/hm^(2);穗粒数随播期推迟整体呈减少趋势;单位面积穗数和千粒重整体均呈先增加后减少趋势,W_(1)、W_(2)处理(11月5日播种)显著高于其他处理。W_(3)处理(11月15日播种)小麦籽粒各项品质指标整体较好;产量最高时(W_(1)),籽粒中各矿质元素含量均最低;籽粒品质较好时(W_(3)),各矿质元素含量相对也较高,尤其是K、Na、Zn、Se、Cu的含量均最高。综上得出,如遇极端天气,鲁中地区超强筋小麦济麦44的播期控制在11月15日之前时,晚播对其产量和品质的影响较小,可实现一定程度上的优质高产,并且对矿质元素含量的影响较小。

金后期状元释褐职任考

金后期状元释褐,其执事基本是应奉翰林文字,只有少数因情况特殊而例外;其官资,大定十四年前授正七品上的承德郎,十四年后降两级为从七品上的承务郎,明昌间辞赋状元又升1级为正七品下的承直郎,而经义状元则降1级为从七品下的儒林郎。金后期状元最低的初始官资都高于南宋。

红曲米对产蛋后期仙居鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质及血脂水平的影响

试验旨在研究红曲米对产蛋后期仙居鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清脂类生化指标的影响。试验选取52周龄仙居蛋鸡270只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验组分别在饲粮中添加6%、12%红曲米替代玉米和麦麸(6%红曲组、12%红曲组)。结果显示:与对照组相比,6%和12%红曲组料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05);6%和12%红曲组全蛋胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05);饲喂含6%、12%红曲米的日粮6周后,血清总胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)显著提高(P<0.01)。综上所述,饲粮中添加6%~12%红曲米能够显著降低产蛋后期仙居鸡料蛋比,降低血清和全蛋中总胆固醇含量,提高高密度脂蛋白,在提高产蛋性能、生产低胆固醇鸡蛋中具有良好的应用价值。

药隔期倒春寒对小麦根际细菌群落结构的影响

以抗倒春寒性强的小麦品种烟农19(YN)和抗倒春寒性弱的小麦品种新麦26(XM)为实验材料,于小麦幼穗分化的药隔形成期利用智能超低温培养箱进行4℃(T1)和-4℃(T2)低温胁迫处理,以15℃作为对照(CK),利用高通量测序技术对开花期小麦根际土壤细菌群落进行测定,研究药隔期倒春寒对小麦根际细菌多样性和群落结构的影响。结果表明:(1)倒春寒危害后两品种小麦根际土壤细菌的ACE指数较CK均有所降低,且对抗倒春寒性弱的品种XM影响显著(P<0.05)。(2)两品种小麦根际土壤细菌群落主要由变形菌门(53.20%~57.55%)、放线菌门(13.34%~21.69%)、拟杆菌门(10.56%~12.37%)和芽单胞菌门(6.17%~9.19%)等33个门及819个属的细菌组成,且不同程度倒春寒处理间各菌门相对丰度表现出差异性,其中放线菌门(Actinobacteria)相对丰度在YN中升高9.79%~19.11%,在XM中降低26.43%~38.47%。(3)根际土壤细菌功能预测分析显示,药隔期倒春寒提高了膜运输、氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢、复制与修复功能基因在YN根际土壤中的相对丰度,降低了其在XM根际土壤中的相对丰度。综上所述,药隔期倒春寒降低了小麦根际土壤细菌群落的丰富度,改变了细菌群落结构,影响了细菌群落的膜运输、氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢和复制与修复功能。

发酵豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群多样性的影响

【目的】研究用5%发酵豆粕等量替代基础饲粮中豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力、肠道组织形态及肠道菌群多样性的影响。【方法】选用330日龄农大三号蛋鸡,对照组9000只,试验组6800只。对照组蛋鸡饲喂基础饲粮,试验组蛋鸡饲喂用5%发酵豆粕等量替代基础饲粮中豆粕的试验饲粮,试验期42 d。试验期间记录产蛋数、异常蛋数、死淘鸡数及采食量;于试验第21、42天,每组随机测定100枚鸡蛋的蛋品质,检测12只鸡的血清生化、免疫及抗氧化指标;于试验第42天,每组随机屠宰12只蛋鸡,取十二指肠和空肠肠段分析肠道组织形态变化,分离盲肠内容物测定肠道菌群多样性。【结果】与对照组相比,第21天时,试验组蛋鸡料蛋比显著增加(P<0.05),蛋黄颜色显著变浅(P<0.05),血清AST活性显著提高(P<0.05),其他指标差异不显著(P>0.05);第42天时,试验组蛋鸡料蛋比、蛋黄颜色和血清AST活性均无显著变化(P>0.05),而异常蛋率和产蛋率均显著降低(P<0.05),蛋壳强度、蛋重和蛋白高度均显著提高(P<0.05),血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提升(P<0.05),蛋鸡肠道菌群中Cryptobacteroides属的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】用5%发酵豆粕等量替代基础饲粮中的豆粕能够显著提高产蛋后期蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质,增强其抗氧化能力,对蛋鸡肠道菌群结构有一定影响。

致密砂岩气藏稳产后期动用效果评价与动用潜力分析:以子洲气田山2气藏为例

以子洲气田山2气藏为例,利用钻井及生产动态资料,通过对地质储量、动储量、累产气、累产水和动静储量比的计算与分析,采用综合评判指数法和类比法,详细评价了山2致密砂岩气藏动用效果和动用潜力。结果表明:山2气藏平面动用严重不均衡。7个井区中,主砂体带中部的榆30井区动用效果最好,属Ⅰ类动用区;主砂体带南部的洲3和北部榆81井区动用效果中等,为Ⅱ类动用区;主砂体周边的榆69、榆48、麒麟沟和榆29井区动用效果差,属Ⅲ类动用区。初步预测山2气藏整体动用潜力为198.1×10^(8) m^(3)。其中,Ⅲ类区的动用潜力为174.7×10^(8) m^(3),占88.2%,是山2气藏后续挖潜重点。

晚清民国常武地区针灸医家挖掘和整理

晚清至民国时期,在常武地区,以费、马、巢、丁为代表的孟河医派,在中医的发展史上留下过浓墨重彩的一笔,这四大医家均是以内外科而闻名于世。在同时期,常武地区同样走出了很多著名的针灸医家。文章通过整理和发掘,回溯常武地区走出的针灸医家的故事,研究其对针灸发展的主要贡献,丰富常武地区针灸学术史。

僧诗总集与晚明清初的丛林习诗热潮——以稀见文献《珠林风雅》为典型

《珠林风雅》是晚明清初僧诗风气高涨的产物,也是古典诗歌总集编印高潮时期的典型样本。它生动地反映了诗歌从个别精英僧人的专利,到清初发展为一般文化僧都能够参与的文学活动。这是明清之际诗学家徐增编选的僧诗总集,以寺院为中心,选录了灵隐寺住持晦山戒显及僧众十余人的诗作一百余首。戒显入选最多,其中的《题武昌黄鹤楼》不仅当时“天下传颂”,而且逐渐流传为两种版本。版本差异显现了清代政治规训力量的强悍,也显现了僧诗在诗坛的影响。其他僧人也大半编有自己的诗集,但对入选仍极为热心,他们不仅期待借助传播性更强的诗歌总集传世不朽,也希望跻身为寺院文化的塑造者。晚明清初僧诗文献大量存世,无论种类还是数量都已远远超过前代,却很少受到学界关注。这一存世文献与研究成果极不对应的现象,提醒研究者重新审视佛教文学史的认识框架。

从儒家经典到课本选文:清末民初读经科向国文科的转化与融入

民国初年读经被取消后又被反复提倡,但清末的读经科部分转化、融入了国文科并影响了国文科的发展:国文科课程目标中的“德”由读经科转入,教材中部分课文是对读经科中的整本儒家经典的节选,教学中的诵读法也来自读经科。转化的发生及其成功,主要原因是:读经科改变了形式,顺应了现代教育(国文)的变化,教育目的由培养臣民转为培养公民,教育形式由私塾中的单个点拨到学堂中的班级授课,国文教材形态由专书变为选文,考试文体由八股变为古文。

慢熟的土地:清末到民国的云南话剧文学(1913—1949年)

云南话剧文学的发展起步很早,经历了从萌芽到潮起、寂寞呐喊和学步模仿再到激情怒火中的爆发几个阶段,有学生的集体创作,也有个人的苦闷绝叫,还有时代催生的民族激情,更有民主大潮中的社会呐喊。云南话剧文学创作演出的构成分为本土剧作家的本土创作演出和外来剧作家在云南的“在地”创作演出。在这一时期里,云南现代话剧文学创作蹒跚地走向初步成型,耕耘中,远远守望着姗姗来迟的成熟。