Ultrafine ordered L1_(2)-Pt-Co-Mn ternary intermetallic nanoparticles as high-performance oxygen-reduction electrocatalysts for practical fuel cells

The long-range periodically ordered atomic structures in intermetallic nanoparticles(INPs)can significantly enhance both the electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)compared to the disordered atomic structures in ordinary solid-solution alloy NPs.Accordingly,through a facile and scalable synthetic method,a series of carbon-supported ultrafine Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)ternary INPs are prepared in this work,which possess the"skin-like"ultrathin Pt shells,the ordered L1_(2) atomic structure,and the high-even dispersion on supports(L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)/~SPt INPs/C).Electrochemical results present that the composition-optimized L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C exhibits the highest electrocata lytic activity among the series,which are also much better than those of the pristine ultrafine Pt/C.Besides,it also has a greatly enhanced electrochemical stability.In addition,the effects of annealing temperature and time are further investigated.More importantly,such superior ORR electrocatalytic performance of L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C are also well demonstrated in practical fuel cells.Physicochemical characterization analyses further reveal the major origins of the greatly enhanced ORR electrocata lytic performance:the Pt-Co-Mn alloy-induced geometric and ligand effects as well as the extremely high L1_(2) atomic-ordering degree.This work not only successfully develops a highly active and stable ordered ternary intermetallic ORR electrocatalyst,but also elucidates the corresponding"structure-function"relationship,which can be further applied in designing other intermetallic(electro)catalysts.

L波段差分干涉SAR卫星严格回归轨道优化设计方法

相比于传统SAR卫星应用方向,我国第一代L波段差分干涉SAR卫星主要用于实现全球精准地表形变测量。为了达到重轨差分干涉优于5 cm的形变测量指标,首先需要解决卫星空间基准轨道高精度回归的工程难题。对此,本文提出一种严格回归轨道优化设计方法,通过地球重力场阶数需求分析建立卫星高阶动力学模型,将J4摄动下修正的太阳同步回归轨道参数作为优化算法初值,以卫星WGS-84坐标系位置、速度回归精度满足收敛阈值为目标,利用启发式多目标进化算法开展轨道参数寻优。仿真试验表明,寻优结果回归精度可达厘米级,优于既定工程指标,并且本文方法有效性和正确性已经过L波段差分干涉SAR卫星在轨验证。

基于R-L分数阶定义的CCM Flyback变换器建模与分析

针对电容电感都为分数阶这一事实,利用分数阶微积分R-L定义和状态空间平均法,对工作在电感电流连续模式(CCM)下的分数阶Flyback变换器进行建模与分析。推导CCM分数阶Flyback变换器的静态工作点和小信号传递函数以及变换器工作在CCM模式下的条件。其次,讨论Caputo模型与R-L导数模型的区别,得出在R-L分数阶定义下直流静态工作点不仅与占空比相关,而且还与电感和电容的阶数以及负载有关。最后,在PSIM中搭建R-L分数阶CCM Flyback变换器电路模型,得到不同分数阶电感电容阶数下分数阶Flyback变换器输出电压和电感电流的仿真波形,通过仿真结果与理论计算结果对比,验证所建模型的正确性,得出分数阶电感电容的阶数会影响闭环控制器的设计和分数阶模型能更加精确地描述Flyback变换器的工作特性。

基于高阶幂的单快拍LDACS系统波达方向估计

L波段数字航空通信系统(L band digital aeronautical communication system,LDACS)是未来航空宽带通信重要的基础设施之一,针对LDACS信号容易受到相邻波道大功率测距仪(distance measuring equipment,DME)信号干扰的问题,提出了联合正交投影干扰抑制与单快拍稀疏分解的波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)估计方法。通过子空间投影抑制DME干扰,然后使用单快拍数据构建伪协方差矩阵,对伪协方差矩阵求高阶幂,之后进行奇异值分解,并利用约束条件求解稀疏解得到期望信号来向的估计值。所提方法使用高阶伪协方差矩阵降低了噪声影响,仅用单快拍就可以准确估计LDACS信号的入射方向。仿真结果表明,改进单快拍高级幂(improved single snapshot high order power,ISS-HOP)L1-SVD算法的估计精度优于ISS-HOP-MUSIC算法。该方法可以有效抑制DME干扰,提高OFDM接收机性能。

Z-拟连续domain上的Scott拓扑和Lawson拓扑

对一般子集系统Z,引入了Z-拟连续domain的概念,证明了Z-完备偏序集P是Z-拟连续的当且仅当P上的Z-Scott拓扑σ_z(P)在集包含序下是超连续格;Z-拟连续domain P上的Z-Scott拓扑σ_z(P)是Sober的当且仅当σ_z(P)具有Rudin性质,P赋予Z-Lawson拓扑λ_z(P)是pospace;且若P上的Z-Lawson开上集是Z-Scott开的,Z-Lawson开下集是下拓扑开的,则(P,λ_z(P))为严格完全正则序空间。

ScottDomain上的稳定映射与Lawson拓扑

研究了 Ｓｃｏｔｔ Ｄｏｍ ａｉｎ 上稳定映射的性质及 Ｓｃｏｔｔ Ｄｏｍ ａｉｎ 上稳定映射与下拓扑之间的联系，给出了 Ｓｃｏｔｔ Ｄｏｍ ａｉｎ 上稳定映射的特征定理，得到了 Ｓｃｏｔｔ Ｄｏｍ ａｉｎ上的稳定映射与 Ｌａｗ ｓｏｎ

关于Lawson序≤l的左负右pp半群的结构

目的研究关于Lawson序≤l的左负右pp半群的结构。方法利用带的构造方法。结果通过一簇映射获得了关于Lawson序≤l的左负右pp半群的结构定理。结论推广了已知的结果,提示了关于Lawson序≤l的左负右pp半群的整体结构。

Role of Ordering Energy in Formation of Grain Structure and Special Boundaries Spectrum in Ordered Alloys with L12 Superstructure

It was revealed that an average energy of special boundaries is proportional to APB energy in the alloys with the L12 superstructure. This fact proves the appearance of the GAPBs in the planes of location of special boundaries in coincidence sites of ordered alloys. It was determined that the more energy of special boundaries in ordered alloys, the more energy of complex stacking fault. There is a correlation between the distribution of special boundaries as a function its relative energy and ordering energy: the more ordering energy, the more degree of washed away of distribution. The correlation between average relative energy of special boundaries and ordering energy was detected: the more ordering energy, the more average energy of special boundaries. The reverse dependence between ordering energy and average number of special boundaries in grains limited by boundaries of general type was discovered.

Microscopic phase-field simulation of atomic site occupation in ordering process of NiAl_9Fe_6 alloy

The process of γ(fcc)→γ(fcc)+γ'(L12)phase transformation was simulated by using microscopic phase-field method for the low supersaturation NiAl9Fe6 alloy.It is found that in the γ' phase,the ordering degree of Al atoms is obviously higher than that of Fe atoms,and the ordering of Al atoms precedes their clustering,while the case of Fe atoms is opposite.The α site is mainly occupied by Ni atoms,while the β site is occupied in common by Al,Fe and Ni atoms.At order-disorder interphase boundary,the ordering degree of Al atoms is higher than that of Fe atoms,and at the β site,the Fe atomic site occupation probabilities vary from high to low during ordering;the Al atomic site occupation probabilities are similar to those of Fe atoms,but their values are much higher than those of Fe atoms;Ni atoms are opposite to both of them.Meanwhile,during the ordering transformation,γ' phase is always a complex Ni3(AlFeNi)single-phase,and it is precipitated by the non-classical nucleation and growth style.Finally,in the alloy system,the volume of γ' ordered phase is less than that of γ phase,and the volume ratio of order to disorder is about 77%.

THEORY AND APPLICATION OF FRACTIONAL STEP CHARACTERISTIC FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD IN NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SECOND ORDER ENHANCED OIL PRODUCTION

A kind of second-order implicit fractional step characteristic finite difference method is presented in this paper for the numerically simulation coupled system of enhanced （chemical） oil production in porous media. Some techniques, such as the calculus of variations, energy analysis method, commutativity of the products of difference operators, decomposition of high-order difference operators and the theory of a priori estimates are introduced and an optimal order error estimates in l^2 norm is derived. This method has been applied successfully to the numerical simulation of enhanced oil production in actual oilfields, and the simulation results ate quite interesting and satisfactory.

Numerical Experiments Using MATLAB: Superconvergence of Conforming Finite, Element Approximation for Second Order, Elliptic Problems

The superconvergence in the finite element method is a phenomenon in which the finite element approximation converges to the exact solution at a rate higher than the optimal order error estimate. Wang proposed and analyzed superconvergence of the conforming finite element method by L2-projections. The goal of this paper is to perform numerical experiments using MATLAB to support and to verify the theoretical results in Wang for the superconvergence of the conforming finite element method (CFEM) for the second order elliptic problems by L2-projection methods. MATLAB codes are published at https://github.com/annaleeharris/Superconvergence-CFEM for anyone to use and to study.

A Typological Investigation into L2 Chinese“Prepositional Phrase-verb”Word Order Acquisition

The study,using an interlanguage corpus,investigates how international students in China acquire“prepositional phrase-verb”word order.It found that students whose mother tongue features VO and OV word order mostly produce pre-placement structure of“prepositional phrase+verb”,which is similar to Chinese word order and hence reflects an overt influence of the target language.However,when producing post-placement structure of“verb+prepositional phrase”,VO type L1 speaking students slightly outnumber those OV type L1 speaking students,which indicates limited influence of L1 transfer.In addition,other factors such as the relator principle and the temporal iconicity principle also exert certain influence on the word order acquisition of“prepositional phrase-verb”structure.

Robustness of iterative learning control for a class offractional-order linear continuous-time switched systems in the sense of L^p norm

For a class of fractional-order linear continuous-time switched systems specified by an arbitrary switching sequence,the performance of PDα-type fractional-order iterative learning control(FOILC)is discussed in the sense of L^p norm.When the systems are disturbed by bounded external noises,robustness of the PDα-type algorithm is firstly analyzed in the iteration domain by taking advantage of the generalized Young inequality of convolution integral.Then,convergence of the algorithm is discussed for the systems without any external noise.The results demonstrate that,under some given conditions,both convergence and robustness can be guaranteed during the entire time interval.Simulations support the correctness of the theory.

带Leader的不确定高阶多智能体系统的L_2-L_∞一致

针对一类存在外部干扰,模型误差以及时滞的带Leader的高阶多智能体系统,利用L2-L∞方法研究了其一致性问题.首先给出了系统存在外部干扰和模型误差时的数学模型.然后针对有时滞和无时滞两种情况,利用Lyapunov函数的方法,分析了满足L2-L∞性能指标下的一致问题,分别得到了相应闭环系统达到一致的条件.最后,仿真结果验证了所得结果的有效性.

基于稀疏互质L型阵列的二维测向算法

在阵元数确定的情况下,稀疏阵列能增大阵列孔径,提高测向精度,但也带来测向模糊。针对这个问题,提出了一种稀疏互质L型阵列及其二维测向算法。利用四阶累积量的阵列扩展特性,并结合L型阵列中阵元间距的互质关系,在稀疏阵列结构下实现无模糊二维测向。与二维虚拟旋转不变算法相比,所提算法允许参考阵元间距大于信号半波长,从而提高了测向精度,同时利用逐步解模糊,保证较大的系统容差。计算机仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。

L-拟序集上的广义Alexandroff拓扑

在一类特殊的 L -拟序集上定义广义 Alexandroff拓扑 ,限制到通常的拟序集上就是 Alexandroff拓扑 ,并且该拓扑可以由其上的一族 Alexandroff拓扑取并得到。还证明任意一个拓扑空间的拓扑都可以表示为某个 L-拟序集上的广义 Alexandroff拓扑。

基于表面活性剂增敏有序介孔SiO2修饰碳糊电极测定L-色氨酸

利用水热法合成得到有序介孔二氧化硅(OMS),采用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、透射电镜等技术对其进行了表征。制备OMS修饰碳糊电极(OMS/CPE),采用循环伏安和交流阻抗技术考察了修饰电极的电化学性能,发现与裸碳糊电极(CPE)相比,OMS/CPE具有更大的电活性面积和更快的电子传导速率。研究了L-色氨酸(L-Trp)在表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)存在下,在OMS/CPE上的电化学行为和动力学性质,结果表明,OMS和SDS具有良好的协同作用,能明显增加L-Trp的响应信号;SDS存在下,L-Trp在修饰电极上的电化学氧化是2电子和2质子参加的不可逆过程,电极过程受吸附控制。优化了表面活性剂浓度、富集时间、富集电位、介质p H值等测定参数,在最优条件下,L-Trp氧化峰电流与其浓度在8.0×10^(-8)~4.0×10^(-6)mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为7.0×10^(-8)mol/L(S/N=3)。本方法用于氨基酸口服液样品的加标回收检测,回收率为99.6%~102.6%。

基于高阶统计量的L-DACS1系统自适应干扰消除技术研究

针对L-DACS1(L-band Digital Aeronautical Communication System Type 1)与DME(Distance Measuring Equipment)信号在时域、频域和低阶统计域干扰抑制不理想的问题,本文将L-DACS1与DME时频域交叠的干扰场景建模为确定性信号叠加高斯有色噪声的干扰量化模型,根据两者在高阶统计域的差异特性,提出基于三阶累积量的自适应滤波算法,并引入对数螺线函数改进变步长机制,实现自适应DME干扰消除.仿真结果表明:所提算法具有更高的干扰抑制比和更低的误比特率,但复杂度较高.相关结论可为L-DACS1系统的实际部署提供参考.

基于L阵的分布式信源二维波达方向估计算法

研究了将相干分布式信源积分形式的方向向量化简为点信源方向向量与实向量的Schur-Hadamard积的方法,提出了一种基于L阵的相干分布式信源二维波达方向分离估计算法.利用阵列结构的特点首先估计仰角,然后构造基于Schur-Hadamard积的二阶统计量估计方位角,所利用的二阶统计量对噪声不敏感,具有较好的信噪比性能.该算法将二维波达方向联合估计简化为两步一维估计,有效降低了计算量.仿真实验验证了所提算法的有效性.

可拓扑生成的L-fuzzy保序算子空间的ω-分解定理及ω-可数性

讨论可拓扑生成的L-fuzzy保序算子空间的若干性质,如分解定理、可数性等。