Influence of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein on the Proliferation of Human Artery Smooth Muscle Cells in vitro

The effects of oxidized low density lipoprotein （ox-LDL） on the proliferation of cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells （vSMC） were investigated in vitro. By using NaBr density gradient centrifugation, LDL was isolated and purified from human plasma. Ox-LDL was produced from LDL by being incubated with CuSO4. ox-LDL was then added to the culture medium at different concentrations （35, 60, 85, 110, 135 and 160μg/mL） for 7 days. The influence of ox-LDL on vSMC proliferation was observed in growth curve, mitosis index, and in situ determination of apoptosis. The data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 software. The results showed that the ox-LDL produced in vitro had a good purity and optimal oxidative degree, which was similar to the intrinsic ox-LDL in atherosclerotic plaque, ox-LDL at a concentration of 35 μg/mL demonstrated the strongest proliferation inducement, and at a concentration of 135 μg/mL, ox-LDL could inhibit the growth of vSMC. ox-LDL at concentrations of 35 and 50 μg/mL presented powerful mitotic trigger, and with the increase of ox-LDL concentration, the mitotic index of vSMC was decreased gradually, ox-LDL at higher concentrations promoted more apoptotic vSMCs, ox-LDL at lower concentrations triggered proliferation of vSMCs, and at higher concentrations induced apoptosis in vSMCs, ox-LDL played a promotional role in the pathogenesis and development of atherosclerosis by affecting vSMC proliferation and apoptosis.

Effects of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein on Transformation of Valvular Myofibroblasts to Osteoblast-like Phenotype

In order to investigate the roles of Wnt signal pathway in transformation of cardiac valvular myofibroblasts to the osteoblast-like phenotype, the primary cultured porcine aortic valve myofibroblasts were incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein（ox-LDL, 50 mg/L）, and divided into four groups according to the ox-LDL treatment time： control group, ox-LDL 24-h group, ox-LDL 48-h group, and ox-LDL 72-h group. Wnt signal pathway blocker Dickkopf-1（DDK-1, 100 μg/L） was added in ox-LDL 72-h group. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA）, bone morphogenetic protein 2（BMP2）, alkaline phosphatase（ALP）, and osteogenic transcription factor Cbfa-1 was detected by Western blotting, and that of β-catenin, a key mediator of Wnt signal pathway by immunocytochemical staining method. The Wnt/β-catenin was observed and the transformation of myofibroblasts to the osteoblast-like phenotype was examined. The expression of α-SMA, BMP2, ALP and Cbfa-1 proteins in the control group was weaker than in the ox-LDL-treated groups. In ox-LDL-treated groups, the protein expression of α-SMA, BMP2, ALP, and Cbfa-1 was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner as compared with the control group, and there was significant difference among the three ox-LDL-treated groups（P〈0.05 for all）; β-catenin protein was also up-regulated in the ox-LDL-treated groups in a time-dependent manner as compared with the control group（P〈0.05）, and its transfer from cytoplasm to nucleus and accumulation in the nucleus were increased in the same fashion（P〈0.05）. After addition of DKK-1, the expression of α-SMA, bone-related proteins and β-catenin protein was significantly reduced as compared with ox-LDL 72-h group（P〈0.05）. The Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway may play an important role in transformation of valvular myofibroblasts to the osteoblast-like phenotype.

Role of PERK/eIF2α/CHOP Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein Mediated Induction of Endothelial Apoptosis

Objective PERK/elF2/CHOP is a major signaling pathway mediating endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress related with atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL （ox-LDL） also induces endothelial apoptosis and plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The present study was conducted to explore the regulatory effect of ox-LDL on PERK/elF2a/CHOP signaling pathway in vascular endothelial cells. Methods The effects of ox-LDL on PERK and p-elF2a protein expression of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） were investigated by Western blot analysis. PERK gene silencing and selective elF2a phosphatase inhibitor, salubrinal were used to inhibit the process of ox-LDL induced endothelial cell apoptosis, caspase-3 activity, and CHOP mRNA level. Results Ox-LDL treatment significantly increased the expression of PERK, PERK-mediated inactivation of elF2a phosphorylation, and the expression of CHOP, as well as the caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. The effects of ox-LDL were markedly decreased by knocking down PERK with stable transduction of lentiviral shRNA or by selective elF2a phosphatase inhibitor, salubrinal. Conclusion This study provides the first evidence that ox-LDL induces apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells mediated largely via the PERK/elF2a/CHOP ER-stress pathway. It adds new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis.

Expression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Monocytes and Effects of Native and Oxidized Very Low Density Lipoproteins

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), a potent chemoattractant, is thought to play an important role in migration of monocytes into atherosclerotic lesions. The present study was designed to investigate the capacity of human peripheral blood monocytes to express MCP-1 and effects of native very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and oxidized VLDL(OX-VLDL) on the expression. The total RNA was extracted from cultured monocytes, which were exposed to VLDL and OX-VLDL, and the media conditioned by monocytes were collected. MCP-1 mRNA expression was examined by Northern blot analysis. MCP-1 protein in conditioned media was determined by using sandwich ELISA. The results showed that monocytes can express MCP-1 after a 24 h incubation at 37℃，and the expression was markedly increased by a exposure to OX-VLDL, whereas the expression was slightly increased when exposed to VLDL. It suggests that the capacity of monocytes to produce MCP-1 that recruits and activates circulating monocytes may be of considerable importance in atherogenesis, and oxidation of VLDL enhances its potential to promote atherogenesis.

Obstructive jaundice leads to accumulation of oxidized low density lipoprotein in human liver tissue

Oxidized low density lipoprotein （ox-LDL） molecule is one of the most important modified lipoproteins produced during the oxidative stress. Modified lipoproteins have been defined as being part of the immune inflammatory mechanisms in association with oxidant stress. We have reported the accumulation of ox-LDL in Balb/c mice liver after bile duct ligation previously. Here, we investigated this finding in human beings with obstructive jaundice. Our study demonstrates that obstructive jaundice results in tremendous accumulation of ox-LDL in the liver tissue of patients.

Anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibodies in chronic heart failure

Oxidative stress may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of heart failure(HF).Antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein(oxLDL Abs) reflect an immune response to LDL over a prolonged period and may represent long-term oxidative stress in HF.The oxLDL plasma level is a useful predictor of mortality in HF patients,and measurement of the oxLDL Abs level may allow better management of those patients.Antibodies to oxLDL also significantly correlate with the New York Heart Association score.Hypercholesterolemia,smoking,hypertension,and obesity are risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary heart disease(CHD) leading to HF,but these factors account for only onehalf of all cases,and understanding of the pathologic process underlying HF remains incomplete.Nutrients with antioxidant properties can reduce the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation.Antioxidant therapy may be an adjunct to lipid-lowering,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and metformin(in diabetes) therapy for the greatest impact on CHD and HF.Observational data suggest a protective effect of antioxidant supple-mentation on the incidence of HD.This review summarizes the data on oxLDL Abs as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in HF patients.

Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) impacts on erythrocyte viscoelasticity and its molecular mechanism

Aim:The oxidized low-density lipoprotein(OxLDL) plays an important role in atherosclerosis yet it remains unclear if it damages circulating erythrocytes. Method: In this study。

Protein in oxidized low density lipoprotein may cause injury to mitochondria of mouse peritoneal macrophages

Injury to mitochondria of macrophages caused by oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and the role of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH). lipid and protein in Ox-LDL on the injury were studied by measuring mito-chondrial membrane potential (MMP) on ACAS570. The results showed that MMP decreased when macrophageswere treated by Ox-LDL. If LOOH in Ox-LDL was pre cleared by ebselen plus GSH. the decreased MMP could be recovered by about 20 %. Lipid moiety alone had no effect on IMP, but protein moiety could cause decrease ofMMP, the extent of the decrease was equivalent to that caused by Ox-LDL in which LOOH was pre-cleared by ebselen plus GSH.

EC,ASMC and Macrophage Oxidize Human Low Density Lipoprotein

To investigate the mechanism of LDL oxidation i n vivo , LDL was incubated with endothelium cell (EC),artery smooth muscle cel l (ASMC) and macrophage, and then the change of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity i n cell and medium and the oxidation of LDL by those three cells were assessed. T he result showed that LDL promoted the activity of cellular and secretive myelop eroxidase which was concentration\|dependent on LDL; with elevation of MPO activ ity, oxidation of LDL intensified, which was expressed by the formation of conju gated dienes and the elevation of thiobarbituric acid teactive substance (TBARS ). Macrophage's MPO activity went up with the increase of LDL at both low and h igh concentration; EC's MPO activity went up with the increase of LDL only at h igh concentration and ASMC's MPO activity wasn't sensitive to LDL concentratio n change. The results suggest that Macrophage might be crucial to the oxidation of LDL in vivo , in which MPO might play an important role.

Inhibition of Oxidative Modification of Human Low Density Lipoprotein by Resveratrol

To further investigate whether resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound in red wine, affects the oxidation of human low density lipoprotein (LDL), LDL purified from normolipidemic subjects was subjected to Cu\+\{2+\}induced or azo compoundinitiated oxidative modification. The extent of LDL modification was assessed by measuring the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the relative electrophoretic mobilities (REM) of LDL. Resveratrol (50 mol/L) reduced TBARS and REM of LDL during Cu\+\{2+\}induced oxidation by 70.5% and 42.3%, respectively (P<0.01), and prolonged the lag phase associated with the oxidative modification of LDL by copper ion or azo compound. These in vitro results suggest that resveratrol may afford LDL protection against oxidative modification, possibly by acting as a free radical scavenger.

Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1:protein,ligands,expression and pathophvsiological significance

Objective To review the recent research progress in lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 （LOX-1） including its protein, ligands, expression and pathophysiological significance. Data sources Information included in this article was identified by searching of PUBMED （1997-2006） online resources using the key term LOX-1. Study selection Mainly original milestone articles and critical reviews written by major pioneer investigators of the field were selected. Results The key issues related to the LOX-1 protein as well as ligands for LOX-1. Factors regulating the expression of LOX-1 were summarized. The pathophysiological functions of LOX-1 in several diseases were discussed. Conclusions Identification of LOX-1 and a definition of its biological role in pathophysiologic states provide deeper insight into the pathogenesis of some cardiovascular diseases especially in atherosclerosis and provide a potential selective therapeutic approach. LOX-1 is unlocking and drugs targeting LOX-1 might be a promising direction to explore.

Mitofusin2 Decreases Intracellular Cholesterol of Oxidized LDL-Induced Foam Cells from Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Mitofusin2 （Mfn2） plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs）. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Mfn2 on the traffick- ing of intracellular cholesterol in the foam ceils derived from rat VSMCs （rVSMCs） and also to investigate the effects of Mfn2 on the expression of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 （ABCA1）, adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 （ABCG1） and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma （PPARy）. The rVSMCs were co-cultured with oxi- dized low density lipoprotein （LDL, 80 ~tg/mL） to produce foam cells and cholesterol accumulation in cells. Before oxidized LDL treatment, different titers （20, 40 and 60 pfu/cell） of recombinant adenovirus containing Mfn2 gene （Adv-Mfn2） were added into the culture medium for 24 h to transfect the Mfn2 gene into the rVSMCs. Then the cells were harvested for analyses. The protein expression of Mfn2 was significantly higher in Adv-Mfn2-transfected group than in untransfected group （P〈0.05）, and the ex- pression levels significantly increased when the titer of Adv-Mfn2 increased （P〈0.05）. At 24 or 48 h af- ter oxidized LDL treatment, rVSMCs became irregular and their nuclei became larger, and their plasma abounded with red lipid droplets. However, the number of red lipid droplets was significantly decreased in Adv-Mfn2-transfected group as compared with untransfected group. At 48 h after oxidized LDL treatment, the intracellular cholesterol in rVSMCs was significantly increased （P〈0.05）, but it was sig- nificantly decreased in Adv-Mfn2-transfected group as compared with untransfected group （P〈0.05）, and it also significantly decreased when the titer of Adv-Mfn2 increased （P〈0.05）. The mRNA and pro- tein expression levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1 were significantly increased in Adv-Mfn2-transfected group as compared with untransfected group （P〈0.05）. Though the mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARy was not significantly increased （P〉0.05）, the phosporylation levels of PPARy were signifi- cantly decreased in Adv-Mfn2-transfected group as compared with untransfected group （P〈0.05）. These results suggest that the transfection of Adv-Mfn2 can significantly reduce intracellular cholesterol in oxidized LDL-induced rVSMCs possibly by decreasing PPAR＇/phosporylation and then increasing pro- tein expression levels of ABCAI and ABCG1, which may be helpful to suppress the formation of foam cells.

EFFECT OF OXIDIZED-LDL ON NF-κB NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION IN AORTIC SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS ORIGINATED FROM RATS OF DIFFERENT AGES

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of atherosclerosis that related to age. Methods Immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot were adopted to determine the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and expression of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) co-cultured with low density lipoprotein (LDL), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), and ox-LDL+high density lipoprotein (HDL) originated from rats of 2 and 10 months old respectively. Fat stain was used to identify the lipid intake in SMCs. Results The optimal stimulation time of ox-LDL to SMCs was 12 hours. NF-κB intensity increased in most nuclei of SMCs that originated from rats of either 2 or 10 months old co-cultured with ox-LDL. The intensity of NF-κB and the amount of intracellular lipid taken in SMCs were more obvious in cells from 10-month-old rats than from the younger ones. Change of PDGF-B expression in SMCs was not remarkable in each group of rats. Conclusions The 10-month-old rats are more susceptive to ox-LDL than 2-month-old rats in activating nuclear transloca- tion of NF-κB. Maybe this is one of the important reasons contributing to the difference between the older and younger rats on the initiation and development of atherosclerosis lesion. Expression of PDGF-B is not associated with the activity of nuclear translocation of NF-κB.

基于ox-LDL/LOX-1信号通路探讨脂质代谢紊乱促进肺癌进展中的机制

目的基于氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)/人凝集素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体1(LOX-1)信号通路探讨脂质代谢紊乱促进肺癌进展的机制。方法收集81个已鉴定的具有成对相邻非癌组织(离肿瘤至少5 cm)的肺腺癌组织,使用免疫组织化学检测LOX-1表达。肺腺癌细胞系(A549、H1299细胞)中过表达LOX-1。用Transwell测定细胞侵袭能力。用不同浓度oxLDL处理细胞,并检测细胞中LOX-1表达情况。结果在包含原发性人肺癌和匹配的邻近非癌组织中,肿瘤中LOX-1染色比非癌组织样品明显增强(中值H分数99.4 vs.16.2,P<0.001)。高LOX-1表达与低生存显著相关(P<0.001)。与无淋巴结转移的患者相比,发生淋巴结转移患者的癌组织具有更高的LOX-1水平(中值H分数83.2 vs.121.1,P<0.01)。LOX-1过表达显著促进肺癌细胞的侵袭转移细胞数(P<0.01)。此外,LOX-1是ox-LDL诱导的肺癌细胞转移所必需的功能靶点。伊他替尼抑制LOX-1过表达的A549在体外的转移能力。结论LOX-1的表达随着oxLDL水平的升高而增加,并且LOX-1的表达上调促进了肺癌细胞的转移,其作用机制可能与激活Janus激酶/转录因子激活子(JAK1/STAT6)信号通路有关。

基于NOD样受体3炎性小体通路对利拉鲁肽在氧化低密度脂蛋白诱导内皮细胞损伤的作用机制研究

背景动脉粥样硬化是世界范围内引起心脑血管疾病最主要的原因,炎症是目前研究热点,其中NOD样受体3(NLRP3)是研究最为深入的炎症小体。胰高糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂有抗动脉粥样硬化作用,具体机制尚不明确。目的研究利拉鲁肽通过拮抗氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导的内皮细胞损伤的作用机制。方法2022-03-25—05-19培养人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),取HUVEC加空白血清作为对照组,100μg/mL的ox-LDL干预HUVEC 48 h作为模型组,100μg/mL的ox-LDL干预HUVEC 24 h后分别加入100、200、400 nmol/L利拉鲁肽处理24 h作为利拉鲁肽低浓度组、利拉鲁肽中浓度组、利拉鲁肽高浓度组。CCK-8法计算细胞增殖率。通过扫描电镜观察焦亡细胞形态。检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测白介素(IL)-1β、IL-18表达水平。蛋白质免疫印迹试验(Western blot)检测NLRP3、接头蛋白凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)、天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶1(Caspase-1)、焦亡执行蛋白(GSDMD)、N端结构域的焦亡执行蛋白(N-GSDMD)表达水平。结果模型组、利拉鲁肽低浓度组和利拉鲁肽中浓度组细胞增殖率低于对照组,利拉鲁肽低浓度组、利拉鲁肽中浓度组、利拉鲁肽高浓度组细胞增殖率高于模型组(P<0.05)。细胞扫描电镜结果示模型组细胞焦亡明显,利拉鲁肽低浓度组、利拉鲁肽中浓度组、利拉鲁肽高浓度组细胞焦亡情况明显改善。模型组、利拉鲁肽低浓度组LDH活力高于对照组,利拉鲁肽低浓度组、利拉鲁肽中浓度组、利拉鲁肽高浓度组低于模型组(P<0.05)。模型组、利拉鲁肽低浓度组IL-1β表达水平高于对照组,利拉鲁肽中浓度组、利拉鲁肽高浓度组IL-1β表达水平低于模型组(P<0.05);模型组IL-18表达水平高于对照组,利拉鲁肽低浓度组、利拉鲁肽中浓度组、利拉鲁肽高浓度组IL-18表达水平低于模型组(P<0.05)。模型组NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1、GSDMD、N-GSDMD表达水平高于对照组,利拉鲁肽低浓度组ASC、Caspase-1表达水平高于对照组,利拉鲁肽中浓度组NLRP3、ASC表达水平低于模型组,利拉鲁肽高浓度组NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1表达水平低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论利拉鲁肽显著抑制ox-LDL诱导的内皮细胞NLRP3炎性小体活化,并且能够抑制内皮细胞的焦亡,具有抗动脉粥样硬化作用。

氧化型低密度脂蛋白对2型糖尿病合并肺结核患者的风险评估价值

目的探讨氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并肺结核(PTB)患者的风险评估潜力。方法前瞻性纳入2022年6月至2023年6月门诊就诊的单纯高脂血症组病例60例、PTB组病例100例、T2DM组病例100例和T2DM合并PTB组病例100例,其中PTB组、T2DM组和T2DM合并PTB组再二次分组为血脂正常亚组40例和高脂血症亚组60例,共计360例为病例组;健康人群60例为对照组;入组年龄段为35~70岁。各组均采集静脉血,检测血液中的HbA1C、INS、FSG、TC、TG、HDL、LDL、ApoA I和Apo B,并采用ELISA法检测oxLDL,比较各组间的水平差异。应用多元logistic回归分析oxLDL水平与PTB和T2DM合并PTB的关联。结果T2DM高脂血症亚组的BMI、血糖、血脂和胰岛素抵抗等情况与T2DM合并PTB高脂血症亚组对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);T2DM高脂血症亚组oxLDL水平高于对照组2倍以上,其血脂正常亚组的oxLDL水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);T2DM合并PTB高脂血症亚组和单纯高脂血症组的oxLDL水平均显著高于对照组2倍以上,但与PTB高脂血症亚组相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相关性分析显示,T2DM高脂血症亚组和T2DM合并PTB高脂血症亚组的TG和LDL均与oxLDL呈显著正线性相关(R=0.352,P<0.05),PTB高脂血症亚组人群的CHOL和LDL均与oxLDL呈显著正线性相关(R=0.441,P<0.05);多元logistic回归分析显示oxLDL高于对照组2倍以上水平均是PTB和T2DM合并PTB的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论显著升高的oxLDL水平可能是T2DM和PTB共病的危险因素,建议对oxLDL高于对照组2倍以上水平作为一个有临床意义的病理水平去进一步评估。

外源性GDF11通过调控LOX-1介导的内质网应激途径改善高血压大鼠血管重构

[目的]探讨外源性生长分化因子11(GDF11)通过调控凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1(LOX-1)介导的内质网应激途径对高血压大鼠血管重构的影响。[方法]将大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组(AngⅡ诱导的高血压大鼠模型组)、r-GDF11组、Ab-LOX-1组和r-GDF11+r-LOX-1组,每组10只。采用动物无创血压仪检测大鼠尾动脉血压变化;HE染色评估主动脉血管形态;Masson染色评估主动脉组织胶原沉积情况;Western blot检测主动脉组织中GDF11、LOX-1及内质网应激相关蛋白表达。[结果]与对照组比较,模型组大鼠血压升高,主动脉组织中膜厚度(MT)、MT/管腔内径(LD)比值增大,LD减小(均P<0.05);主动脉组织胶原纤维容积分数(CVF)值、葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)和转录激活因子6(ATF6)蛋白表达、磷酸化PKR样内质网调节激酶(p-PERK)/PERK和磷酸化肌醇需求酶1α(p-IRE1α)/IRE1α比值均升高(均P<0.05)。与模型组比较,r-GDF11组和Ab-LOX-1组大鼠血压降低,主动脉组织MT、MT/LD均减小,LD增大(均P<0.05);主动脉组织CVF值、GRP78和ATF6蛋白表达、p-PERK/PERK和p-IRE1α/IRE1α比值均显著降低(均P<0.05)。与r-GDF11组比较,r-GDF11+r-LOX-1组大鼠血压升高,主动脉组织MT、MT/LD增大,LD减小(均P<0.05);主动脉组织CVF值、GRP78和ATF6蛋白表达、p-PERK/PERK和p-IRE1α/IRE1α比值显著升高(均P<0.05)。[结论]外源性GDF11通过抑制LOX-1介导的内质网应激途径改善高血压大鼠血管重构。

利伐沙班对氧化型低密度脂蛋白诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞功能的影响

目的探讨利伐沙班(RIV)对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(Ox-LDL)诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)功能损伤的影响。方法根据干预措施,将实验分为空白对照组(A组,常规培养液),Ox-LDL组(B组,100μg/mL Ox-LDL的培养液),Ox-LDL+RIV125组(C1组,100μg/mL Ox-LDL和125 ng/mL RIV的培养液),Ox-LDL+RIV250组(C2组,100μg/mL Ox-LDL和250 ng/mL RIV的培养液)和Ox-LDL+RIV500组(C3组,100μg/mL Ox-LDL和500 ng/mLRIV的培养液),各组细胞均处理48 h。采用CCK-8法检测各组细胞存活率的变化,采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,采用免疫印迹(Western blot)法检测细胞核因子-κB(NF-κB)和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活因子受体(uPAR)蛋白表达水平。结果与B组比较,C1组、C2组、C3组细胞存活率显著升高(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率和uPAR表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05);C3组IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6水平和p-NF-κB p65表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论RIV能显著恢复细胞活力、减少细胞凋亡和由Ox-LDL引起的炎性反应,可能通过NF-κB和uPAR的调节而发挥作用。

3种中药成分对氧化型低密度脂蛋白诱导人主动脉内皮细胞损伤的影响

目的探讨3种中药成分(姜黄素、连翘苷、白藜芦醇)对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(Ox-LDL)诱导的人主动脉内皮细胞(HAEC)损伤的影响。方法实验设空白对照组(等体积基础培养液),溶剂对照组[等体积含二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的基础培养液],Ox-LDL组(20μg/mL Ox-LDL),姜黄素①②③④组(20μg/mL Ox-LDL+2.5μmol/L、5μmol/L、10μmol/L、20μmol/L姜黄素),连翘苷①②③④组(20μg/mL Ox-LDL+10μmol/L、20μmol/L、40μmol/L、80μmol/L连翘苷),白藜芦醇①②③组(20μg/mL Ox-LDL+20μmol/L、40μmol/L、80μmol/L白藜芦醇),采用四甲基偶氮噻唑盐(MTT)法检测细胞活性,并计算细胞增殖率;采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qPCR)法检测细胞微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)和环氧合酶2(COX-2)mRNA的表达水平。结果与Ox-LDL组比较,姜黄素、白藜芦醇各剂量组,连翘苷④组细胞增殖率均显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05);姜黄素③组、连翘苷②③④组、白藜芦醇各剂量组细胞LC3 mRNA表达水平均显著升高,COX-2 mRNA表达水平均显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论姜黄素、连翘苷和白藜芦醇可抑制Ox-LDL诱导下HAEC的增殖,可激发受损细胞自噬,抑制炎性因子COX-2表达。

血清氧化低密度脂蛋白与多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者临床妊娠结局的相关性研究

目的分析血清氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)与多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者临床妊娠结局的关系。方法采用前瞻性队列研究方法连续收集2020年1月至2021年12月承德市中心医院诊治的155例PCOS不孕患者作为研究对象。记录患者的妊娠成功率,记录患者入组时临床资料及基线性激素指标、胰岛素抵抗相关指标、血清ox-LDL水平。根据血清ox-LDL水平分为高水平组(n=85)和低水平组(n=70)。分析血清ox-LDL与PCOS不孕患者临床妊娠结局的相关性。结果155例PCOS不孕患者中有34例成功妊娠,临床妊娠率为21.94%。高水平组临床妊娠成功率低于低水平组,稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)高于低水平组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,PCOS不孕患者血清ox-LDL、HOMA-IR和甘油三酯(TG)表达上调是导致PCOS不孕患者临床妊娠失败的危险因素(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性检验显示,血清ox-LDL水平与PCOS不孕患者HOMA-IR和TG呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线显示,血清ox-LDL水平预测PCOS不孕患者临床妊娠结局的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.806;当血清ox-LDL临界值达498.09μg/L时,患者发生临床妊娠失败风险较高。结论PCOS不孕患者临床妊娠结局与血清ox-LDL升高有关,早期检测有助于预测临床妊娠失败的风险,其可作为辅助预测指标。