Fractional flow reserve measured via left internal mammary artery after coronary artery bypass grafting:Two case reports

BACKGROUND The fractional flow reserve(FFR)has made the treatment of coronary heart disease more precise.However,there are few reports on the measurement of FFR via the left internal mammary artery(LIMA).Herein,we described the determination of further treatments by measuring FFR via the LIMA in 2 cases after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).CASE SUMMARY Case 1 was a 66-year-old male who was admitted due to“chest tightness after CABG.”The patient underwent CABG 7 years prior due to coronary heart disease.Coronary artery angiography showed complete occlusion of the left anterior descending artery(LAD),and subtotal occlusion of the third segment of the right coronary artery.On arterial angiography,there was 85%stenosis at the distal end of the anastomosis of the LIMA-LAD graft.FFR via LIMA was determined at 0.75.Thus,balloon dilation was performed in Case 1.FFR after balloon dilation was 0.94.Case 2 was a 60-year-old male who was admitted due to“chest tightness after CABG.”The patient underwent CABG 6 years prior due to coronary heart disease.There was 60%segmental stenosis in the middle segment of LAD and 75%anastomotic stenosis.FFR measured via LIMA was 0.83(negative);thus the intervention was not performed.Case 2 was given drug treatments.At the 3-mo follow-up,there was no recurrence of chest tightness or shortness of breath in both cases.They are currently under continual follow-up.CONCLUSION We provided evidence that FFR measurement via grafted blood vessels,especially LIMA,after CABG is a good method to determine the intervention course.

Minimally Invasive Total Arterial Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Left Main Stem Disease

Objective: The aim was to show that Minimally Invasive total arterial revascularization for left main stem coronary artery disease, via a left anterior Mini thoracotomy using bilateral internal thoracic arteries is feasible, reproducible and safe. Further, there has been no exclusive data or experience with minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting in left main stem disease. Methods: From April 2019 to March 2024, 41 patients with left main stem stenosis, left main equivalent disease and unprotected left main with triple vessel disease underwent off pump minimally invasive multivessel coronary artery bypass grafting using either in situ pedicled Bilateral Internal Thoracic arteries or Left and Right Internal Thoracic artery Y composite conduits at three centers. Bilateral Internal Thoracic arteries were harvested under direct vision. All patients had an Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump inserted via the femoral artery prior to induction of anesthesia, to prevent any hemodynamic instability, arrhythmias, and was removed following completion of the procedure in the operating room without any complications. Efficacy and outcomes were evaluated by i) Primary (MACCE)-Major Adverse Cardiac and Cardiovascular events and ii) Secondary outcome measures including total length of stay, return to full physical activity and quality of life. Mean follow-up was 1.4 years (Maximum was 2.5 years). Results: 41 patients with left main stem coronary artery stenosis, underwent total arterial revascularization using bilateral internal thoracic arteries. Left main stem stenosis was present in 29 patients, Unprotected left main stem stenosis with triple vessel disease in 7 and left main equivalence in 5 patients. In this cohort, 29 patients with only left main stem stenosis had 2 grafts each, 7 patients with left main and triple vessel disease had 3 grafts and 5 patients with left main equivalent disease had 2 grafts respectively. The average number of grafts was 2.2. One patient was converted to open sternotomy as an emergency because of hemodynamic instability and myocardial revascularization was done on cardiopulmonary bypass (2.2%). The average hospital stay was 3.7 days. Ejection fraction was 45% ± 5%. There was one mortality (2.2%) but no major morbidity. The average ICU and hospital stay was 24 ± 4 hours and 3.7 days. All patients were free from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events at follow-up. Conclusions: Multivessel total arterial revascularization using left and right internal thoracic arteries, was performed via a left anterior Mini thoracotomy on patients with left main stem disease and showed that it was safe, reproducible and will help extend the armamentarium of the surgeon in minimally invasive Coronary artery bypass grafting. Concomitantly it helped enhance the potential for shorter hospital stay, increased survival, decreased morbidity, and earlier return to full activity. Furthermore, the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting in this high-risk group evaluated by primary and secondary outcome measures have been good in this study.

Management of atherosclerotic plaque in left internal mammary artery graft five years after angiographic patency: A case report

BACKGROUND The left internal mammary artery(LIMA)has demonstrated excellent long-term patency rates when used as a bypass conduit with complications usually occurring in the early postoperative period.The rapid development of de-novo atherosclerosis in a previously non-diseased LIMA,subsequently leading to an acute coronary syndrome(ACS)is rarely encountered.CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old man with history of triple coronary artery bypass graft(8 years ago)presented to our hospital with an ACS.He had undergone angiography 5 years ago to investigate episodic chest pain and imaging of the LIMA at the time did not demonstrate the atherosclerotic process.Emergent angiography demonstrated a severe diffuse stenosis in the proximal to mid segment of the LIMA,with embolization of a moderate sized thrombus to the distal skip segment.The LIMA stenosis was characterised by overlying haziness,consistent with acute plaque rupture,associated with residual luminal thrombus.The patient was managed with antithrombotic therapy to reduce the thrombus burden until repeat angiography after 72 h.At repeat angiography,the thrombus burden was substantially reduced at the distal skip segment as well as at the proximal to mid LIMA with the demonstration of multiple plaque cavities.This lesion was predilated and a 2.75 mm×33 mm everolimus-eluting stent was implanted to a final diameter of 3.0 mm.The patient made a good clinical recovery and was discharged after 6 d.CONCLUSION This case highlights the rapid and late development of atherosclerosis in a graft 5 years after documented patency and the importance for consideration of expectant thrombus management.

Comparison of Sternal Wound Complication after Off-Pump CABG between Skeletonized and Pedicled LIMA Harvesting: A Single Centre Experience in Bangladesh

Background: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is a surgical procedure that has gained popularity due to its potential benefits over traditional coronary artery bypass grafting, including reduced morbidity and mortality. However, sternal wound complication (SWC) remains challenging following the procedure. The technique of left internal mammary artery (LIMA) harvesting has been shown to impact the incidence of SWC. This study aimed to compare the incidence of SWC between two techniques of LIMA harvesting, i.e., skeletonized and pedicled. Methods: The study was conducted at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, and included 60 patients who underwent OPCAB. The patients were divided into two groups of 30 each based on the technique of LIMA harvesting used, i.e., skeletonized (group A) or pedicled (group B). The postoperative ICU care was given to each patient as per the protocol. The statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS version 26.0 for Windows software. Results: The results showed that 5 (8.33%) patients developed SWC, with 1 (1.67%) patient in group A and 4 (6.66%) patients in group B. However, the occurrence of SWC was not statistically significant between the two groups (p = 0.35). The mean age, gender distribution, and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and anemia were also not statistically significant between the two groups. The number of smokers was statistically significant between the two groups (p = 0.03), and the occurrence of SWC was found to be higher in smoker patients in group B (p = 0.04). Preoperative and postoperative parameters such as duration of operation, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of chest drains, duration of the central venous line, and amount of postoperative mediastinal bleeding were also not statistically significant between the two groups. The distribution of wound complications, duration of ICU stays, and hospital stay between the two groups was also not statistically significant. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study found that the incidence of SWC was less in skeletonized LIMA harvesting than in pedicled LIMA harvesting after OPCAB. However, this finding was not statistically significant. Further studies with larger sample sizes may be needed to confirm these results and determine the appropriate technique of LIMA harvesting to decrease the incidence of SWC after OPCAB.

早期下床护理干预对取LIMA行CABG术后肺部并发症的影响

目的:探讨早期下床护理干预对取左乳内动脉(LIMA)行CABG术后肺部并发症的影响.方法:选择医院接受CABG手术治疗患者100例,随机数表法分为对照组与观察组,各50例.对照组患者接受常规护理干预,观察组患者在其基础上行早期下床护理干预,观察统计两组患者下床前2 h以及下床后2 h指脉氧饱和度、氧合指数、肺活量、肺不张及肺部感染的发生率情况,并予以对比分析.结果:下床前2 h组间对比指脉氧饱和度指标无明显差异(P>0.05),下床后2 h组间对比上述指标,显示观察组显著优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者肺不张以及肺部感染发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05).观察组患者氧合指数以及肺活量情况均显著优于对照组(P<0.05).结论:对接受CABG术进行治疗的患者,予以早期下床护理干预,可有效改善指脉氧饱和度,并降低肺不张及肺部感染的发生率,在临床中值得进一步推广与应用.

胸腔引流管压迫左乳内动脉桥致急性心肌梗死一例

严重冠心病患者通常接受冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗以延长寿命。左乳内动脉桥因其长期通畅率高而被作为桥血管的首选。既往研究显示,左乳内动脉桥失用可由动脉痉挛、夹层、狭窄或吻合口血肿引起。在本文中,我们报道了一例罕见的急性心肌梗死病例。该患者既往接受过左乳内动脉搭桥手术,此次因发现肺癌接受胸腔镜手术,术后留置的胸腔引流管压迫乳内动脉桥导致其急性闭塞,最终引起急性心肌梗死。

左胸小切口冠状动脉旁路移植术30例分析

目的：探讨左胸小切口冠状动脉旁路移植术（MIDCAB）的临床效果。方法：2013年10月至2014年10月,采用左胸小切口取左乳内动脉（LIMA）心脏不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术30例。采用全麻、双腔气管插管,平卧位左胸抬高30°,左前外侧第4或第5肋切口,用特制牵开器（德国Fehling公司）牵开肋骨,游离乳内动脉,使用心脏固定器下行冠状动脉吻合。结果：全组患者无围术期死亡。术中出血量40~150m L,平均（85±32）m L。术后24h引流量0~1 325（285±262）m L。术后呼吸机辅助时间4~17h,平均（9.5±5.7）h。二次开胸2例。无切口感染。30例随访0.5~1年,心绞痛症状消失27例,明显减轻3例。结论：胸部小切口冠状动脉旁路移植术主要适用于心脏前壁冠状动脉尤其是前降支的再血管化,安全可靠,中期疗效好。使用特制牵开器行MIDCAB手术安全可行。

冠脉搭桥术后桥管的超声检查方法研究

目的探讨经胸超声检查冠脉搭桥术后桥管的显像方法及血流状态。方法采用经胸超声冠脉血流显像与高频血管显像相结合对左乳内动脉原位转流至左前降支、大隐静脉-右冠状动脉及大隐静脉-左回旋支桥管进行检查。结果左乳内动脉桥管、大隐静脉-右冠状动脉及大隐静脉-左回旋支桥管显示率分别为100%、93.75%和20%。左乳内动脉及大隐静脉桥管的血流均为舒张期为主的双期血流;左乳内动脉桥管的舒张期血流速度及流速时间积分大于大隐静脉桥管(P<0.05)。结论经胸超声是术后桥管检查的较好方法,可用于无创的评估术后桥管血流状态。

冠状动脉旁路移植术后患者超声心动图测定的左乳内动脉桥血管血流储备功能异常与运动平板试验的关系

目的:探讨冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后患者左乳内动脉(LIMA)桥血管血流储备功能(CFR)异常与运动平板试验(TET)阳性间的关系。方法:入选LIMA为左前降支桥血管的CABG后的患者73例,均采用经胸超声心动图测定LIMA桥血管CFR,并进行TET检查。73例患者完成超声心动图的CFR检查,56例(76.7%)完成TET检查。以56例完成LIMA血管桥CFR测定和TET检查患者为研究对象。根据患者CFR进行分组,分为CFR≤2组(n=12)和CFR>2组(n=44)。结果:CFR≤2组的劳力性胸痛发生率明显高于CFR>2组(50.0%vs 13.6%,P<0.01),CFR≤2组的TET阳性率明显高于CFR>2组(50.0%vs20.5%,P<0.05)。以TET作为评价心肌缺血客观标准,TET阳性组CFR≤2发生率高于阴性组(40.0%vs 14.6%,P=0.040)。二元Logistic回归分析显示仅桥血管CFR≤2是TET阳性的影响因素(P=0.044)。结论:CABG后桥血管CFR≤2的患者TET阳性比例较高,桥血管CFR≤2是TET阳性的独立影响因素。CABG后桥血管CFR≤2的患者可能存在心肌缺血。

小切口与胸骨正中切口在冠状动脉旁路移植手术中的比较

目的:比较左胸小切口冠状动脉旁路移植手术(MIDCAB)与常规正中切口冠状动脉旁路移植手术(CABG)的临床效果。方法:2012年10月至2015年12月,采用左胸小切口取左乳内动脉(LIMA)心脏不停跳CABG术45例和常规正中开胸CABG手术50例。比较术前基本情况、手术时间、出血量、术后疼痛评分、围术期心肌梗死、死亡等指标;所有患者均在术后1年时进行随访,比较术后1年的吻合口再狭窄、心绞痛、心肌梗死、脑卒中及死亡等重要终点事件发生率。结果:入选两组患者术前一般情况无显著差别。两组患者均成功施行不停跳CABG手术,围术期均无死亡。MIDCA组具有手术时间短,围术期出血少等优点。但MIDCAB组术后疼痛程度较常规正中切口CABG组大。两组在围术期心肌梗死发生、切口愈合不良发生率上差异无统计学意义。随访1年时,两组患者在心绞痛、心肌梗死、死亡、脑卒中、吻合口再狭窄等终点事件差异均无统计学意义。结论:MIDCAB术具有与传统正中切口手术一样的近中期效果,MIDCAB术安全可行,值得推广。

药物洗脱支架治疗左乳内动脉桥血管病变的临床研究

目的:评价药物洗脱支架(DES)治疗左乳内动脉(LIMA)桥血管病变的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析从2004年5月到2006年5月我院对LIMA桥血管病变连续行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)13例患者。结果:患者基线特点:年龄(57.5±10.2)岁;男性10例(76.9%);既往心肌梗死8例(61.5%);既往PCI7例(53.8%);糖尿病6例(46.2%);左心室射血分数0.466±0.312。病变基线特点:远端吻合口12例(92.3%);体部1例(7.7%)。参照血管直径(2.95±0.47)mm;病变长度(14.0±14.6)mm。置入DES100%;支架直径(2.92±0.49)mm;支架长度(18.8±6.2)mm;支架释放压力(13.5±2.5)atm。介入成功率100%。所有患者完成6个月临床随访,有3例完成造影随访。主要心脏不良事件0%;无死亡、急性心肌梗死、靶血管再血管化治疗。有3例患者因非靶病变再次行PCI治疗。结论:DES治疗LIMA桥血管病变是安全可行的。

冠状动脉移植术后患者桥血管通畅情况观察

目的探讨冠状动脉移植术后患者桥血管通畅情况,为临床桥血管的选择提供参考。方法回顾性分析32例冠状动脉移植术后复查冠脉造影患者的临床资料,分析大隐静脉(SVG)、左乳内动脉(LIMA)及桡动脉(RA)作为桥血管的整体使用情况及通畅情况,比较3种桥血管的近期(<5年)、中期(5~10年)及远期(>10年)通畅情况,并对RA闭塞情况进行分析。结果 32例患者桥血管使用总支数为85支,仅有1例用的右乳内动脉(RIMA),其他为SVG、LIMA、RA,使用支数分别为48、23、13支,4种桥血管整体通畅率为45.88%(39/85),SVG、LIMA、RA桥血管通畅率分别为25%(12/48)、73.91%(17/23)、69.23(9/13)。所有桥血管的近期、中期及远期的通畅率呈降低趋势,其中LIMA、RA及SVG近期通畅率差异无统计学意义,LIMA和SVG中期通畅率高于RA,而RA的远期通畅率高于LIMA及SVG,但差异亦无统计学意义。9例RA通畅病例靶血管吻合口近段有严重狭窄(>90%)或闭塞,远端血流通畅。结论桡动脉整体使用率仍偏低,整体通畅率优于大隐静脉,可作为第二优选桥血管。桡动脉应用前需做好病人选择及桡动脉评估,靶血管吻合口近端狭窄程度显著影响桡动脉桥血管远期通畅率。

经桡动脉途径行左内乳动脉造影的临床分析

目的 探讨经桡动脉途径开展左内乳动脉造影的安全性和有效性.方法 对181例（男119例,女62例）患者经桡动脉途径,采用6F JL3.5冠脉造影导管行左内乳动脉造影.结果 有170例完成左内乳动脉造影,总成功率94.0%,且左内乳动脉造影均获显影满意结果.左内乳动脉造影失败主要原因为主动脉弓迂曲（7例,男6例,女1例;占4%）;桡动脉痉挛（4例,男1例,女3例;占2%）.术后左臂部肿胀淤血4例（2.2%）;左前臂穿刺点近端至肘关节处肿胀淤血7例（3.9%）;穿刺点周围皮肤红疱疹5例（2.8%）.无右桡动脉闭塞、动静脉瘘、假性动脉瘤、穿刺口皮肤破溃感染及前臂骨筋膜室综合征发生.结论 经桡动脉途径行左内乳动脉造影是一种安全、有效、易于接受的检查手段.

胸腔镜辅助与前正中开胸非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术乳内动脉桥猪模型的对比研究

目的建立一种能模拟胸腔镜辅助非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术乳内动脉桥的家猪模型,与前正中开胸手术进行对比研究。方法 16头家猪,随机分为2组,VACAB组为胸腔镜辅助组,采用胸腔镜辅助的方法行非体外循环下左乳内动脉-前降支(LIMA-LAD)旁路移植术,MTCAB组为前正中开胸组,采用前正中开胸的方法行非体外循环下左乳内动脉-前降支旁路移植术。比较两组手术时间、左乳内动脉(LIMA)游离时间,LIMA-LAD吻合时间,和不同时间点的血液监测指标:肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)、磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)。结果 VACAB组的手术时间、LIMA游离时间及LIMA-LAD吻合时间均较开胸组延长,且差异具有统计学意义。两组动物LIMA桥流量差异无统计学意义。两组之间CK、CK-MB、cTnI的差异无统计学意义。结论电视胸腔镜辅助非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术是一种现实可行、效果良好的微创手术,采用动物模型进行VACAB训练有助于临床实践。

前降支弥漫性病变冠心病的外科治疗

目的 :总结应用乳内动脉部分重建前降支治疗前降支弥漫性病变的冠心病的方法 ,以探讨该术式的治疗价值。方法 :2 6例病人中男 17例 ,女 19例 ;年龄 5 8～ 75岁 ,平均 6 3 2岁。有陈旧性心肌梗死史者 8例 ,3例有近期心肌梗死史 ,9例有不稳定心绞痛 ,均为三支血管病变 ,其中前降支为弥漫性病变。手术均在全身浅中度低温 ,中度血液稀释体外循环下施行。冷血心脏停跳液顺灌诱导、间断逆灌及终末温血灌注。前降支以左乳内动脉重建。前降支占重建后血管的 2 5 % ,而左乳内动脉占 75 %。结果 :无手术死亡。围术期心肌梗死 1例 ,占 1 2 6 (3 8% )。随访 1～ 6个月 ,1例术后心绞痛 ,再次造影示手术后降支吻合口血栓 ,其余病人无心脏事件发生。结论

心脏不停跳下双桥技术治疗冠状动脉前降支弥漫性病变

目的：评价心脏不停跳冠脉搭桥“双桥”技术在冠状动脉前降支弥漫性病变治疗中的安全性和有效性。方法2008年10月-2012年12月，我院对36例前降支弥漫性病变患者在心脏不停跳下采用“双桥”技术治疗，其中男26例，女10例；年龄46~78（63.8±7.3）岁；双支病变3例，三支病变33例，其中合并左主干病变8例；术前欧洲心血管手术危险因素评分系统（European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation，EuroSCORE）评分为2~7（5.2±1.4）分；左心室射血分数为32.8%~65.0%（49.4±12.2）%。结果所有患者手术均成功，无住院死亡。其中左乳内动脉与前降支狭窄近端搭桥26例，桡动脉和大隐静脉与前降支狭窄近端搭桥分别为3例和7例；大隐静脉与前降支狭窄远端搭桥20例，桡动脉与前降支狭窄远端搭桥16例。平均搭桥3~5（3.2±0.6）支。术后平均呼吸机辅助通气时间、监护室停留时间和住院时间分别为6~16（11.3±2.9） h、9~22（16.5±4.2） h和5~9（6.9±1.4） d。平均随访0.5~4.8（2.8±1.4）年，所有患者均存活，无心绞痛发作。结论前降支“双桥”技术可以安全用于冠状动脉前降支弥漫性长病变患者的不停跳冠脉搭桥手术治疗，疗效可靠。

应用左乳内动脉加桡动脉行全动脉心肌再血管化

目的:介绍应用左乳内动脉加桡动脉行全动脉化旁路移植的初步临床经验。临床资料:本组30例病人中男25例,女5例,年龄58±8岁,术前心绞痛分级(CCS)Ⅱ级10例,Ⅲ级14例,Ⅳ级6例。有心肌梗死病史者4例,曾行PTCA者4例。术前冠状动脉造影显示单支病变5例;双支病变15例;三支病变10例;合并左主干病变2例。方法:23例在微温(32～34℃)体外循环(CPB)下手术,应用4:1温血停跳液保护心肌。7例在非体外循环心脏不停跳下手术,均把左乳内动脉(LIMA)吻合至左前降支,其它支均应用桡动脉(RA)做吻合。术中常规应用静脉硝酸甘油防止冠状动脉及乳内动脉痉挛,地尔硫(艹卓)0.5～1.0μg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1)防止RA痉挛。转出ICU前改口服硝酸酯制剂及钙拮抗剂至术后半年。结果:全组病人共移植血管67根,其中LIMA桥30根,RA桥37根。23例应用CPB者体外循环时间(89±26)min,主动脉阻断时间(52±1)min。全组无手术死亡,无围手术期心肌梗死,术后并发症右下叶肺不张1例,切口感染1例,余病人均顺利恢复。结论:应用左乳内动脉加桡动脉所达到的全动脉化冠状动脉旁路移植术,其术后近期结果满意。

不接触技术取大隐静脉在冠状动脉旁路移植术中的疗效分析与技术体会

目的总结应用不接触(no-touch)技术截取的大隐静脉(SVG)在冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)中的近期效果与手术技术总结.方法选取2017年1月至2018年10月在郑州市第七人民医院行CABG患者,常规技术取SVG行CABG共99例,为常规组;no-touch技术取SVG行CABG共97例,为no-touch组.比较两组手术资料以及手术治疗效果和围术期并发症发生率差异性,比较1年后桥血管(左乳内动脉和SVG)通畅率差异性.结果①两组患者手术时间、呼吸机辅助时间、重症监护室时间、引流量、下肢伤口愈合率、疼痛评分、心肌损伤指标等比较差异无统计学意义;常规组新发心房颤动发生率显著高于no-touch组(29.29%比19.59%,P<0.05).②两组左乳内动脉通畅率比较差异无统计学意义;no-touch组SVG通畅率显著高于常规组(93.57%比79.86%,P<0.05).结论No-touch技术截取的SVG不增加手术风险与创伤,且能够提高CABG术后中期通畅率.

左乳内动脉转流术后与自体左前降支竞争性供血的超声研究

目的:探讨左乳内动脉转流术后与自体左前降支竞争性供血的直接征象,血流动力学特点,出现的原因及临床意义。方法:行左乳内动脉左前降支原位转流术患者75例,于术后1w左右应用冠状动脉血流显像技术观察乳内动脉桥血管起始段,桥血管远段、吻合口、远端及近端左前降支情况。结果:左乳内动脉转流术后与自体左前降支竞争性供血患者共7例。冠状动脉血流显像表现为乳内动脉桥血管与自体左前降支均前向血流,或主要为前向血流,乳内动脉桥血管起始段表现为收缩期优势型频谱。结论:冠状动脉血流显像技术可揭示左乳内动脉转流术后与自体左前降支竞争性供血的直接征象,发现其产生的原因,可为临床选择冠状动脉搭桥术适应证提供依据。

前降支旁路移植策略桥血管选择及通畅率研究

冠状动脉旁路移植术是治疗冠心病的有效手段。左前降支作为冠状动脉三大分支之一,其再血管化对于抢救患者生命、改善缺血症状非常重要,尤其是内乳动脉到左前降支的吻合至今仍是冠状动脉再血管化的“金标准”。对左前降支进行旁路移植术,可选择的桥血管材料包括游离或原位左右乳内动脉,游离或原位胃网膜右动脉,游离桡动脉、大隐静脉等。但是不同桥血管到左前降支的吻合策略和通畅率仍有待深入研究,本文总结了近30年的国内外文献资料,初步探讨不同桥血管选择策略及左前降支旁路移植的通畅率。