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Joint Effects of Multipollutant Mixtures on Mortality in Chengdu,China
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作者 ZHANG Ying TIAN Qi Qi +3 位作者 HU Wen Dong ZHANG Shao Bo WANG Shi Gong ZHENG Can Jun 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期112-116,共5页
Significant epidemiological research has revealed that exposure to air pollution is substantially associated with numerous detrimental health consequences^([1-3]).The negative health effects of individual air pollutan... Significant epidemiological research has revealed that exposure to air pollution is substantially associated with numerous detrimental health consequences^([1-3]).The negative health effects of individual air pollutants(e.g.,fine particulate matter:PM_(2.5);nitrogen dioxide:NO_(2);carbon monoxide,CO;or ozone:O_(3))have been widely explored^([4]).However,humans are constantly exposed to multipollutant mixtures in real life,and biological responses to inhaled pollutants are likely to depend on the interplay of pollutant mixtures.Therefore,it is critical and imperative to explore the joint effects of multipollutant mixtures on human beings. 展开更多
关键词 mixtures MONOXIDE consequences
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Optimal preparation of Bose and Fermi atomic gas mixtures of ^(87)Rb and ^(40)K in a crossed optical dipole trap
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作者 丁培波 单标 +5 位作者 赵宇航 杨雅婧 陈良超 孟增明 王鹏军 黄良辉 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期356-361,共6页
We report on the optimal production of the Bose and Fermi mixtures with ^(87) Rb and ^(40)K in a crossed optical dipole trap(ODT).We measure the atomic number and lifetime of the mixtures in combination of the spin st... We report on the optimal production of the Bose and Fermi mixtures with ^(87) Rb and ^(40)K in a crossed optical dipole trap(ODT).We measure the atomic number and lifetime of the mixtures in combination of the spin state |F=9/2,m_(F)=9/2> of^(40)K and |1,1>of ^(87) Rb in the ODT,which is larger and longer compared with the combination of the spin state |9/2,9/2> of^(40)K and 12,2) of ^(87)Rb in the ODT.We observe the atomic numbers of ^(87)Rb and ^(40)K shown in each stage of the sympathetic cooling process while gradually reducing the depth of the optical trap.By optimizing the relative loading time of atomic mixtures in the MOT,we obtain the large atomic number of ^(40)K(~6 ×10^(6)) or the mixtures of atoms with an equal number(~1.6 × 10^(6)) at the end of evaporative cooling in the ODT.We experimentally investigate the evaporative cooling in an enlarged volume of the ODT via adding a third laser beam to the crossed ODT and found that more atoms(8 × 10^(6)) and higher degeneracy(T/T_(F)=0.25) of Fermi gases are obtained.The ultracold atomic gas mixtures pave the way to explore phenomena such as few-body collisions and the Bose-Fermi Hubbard model,as well as for creating ground-state molecules of ^(87)Rb^(40)K. 展开更多
关键词 optical dipole trap Bose and Fermi gas mixtures atomic lifetime
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Long-term performance of recycled asphalt mixtures containing high RAP and RAS
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作者 Jiangmiao Yu Zengyao Lin +3 位作者 Guilian Zou Huayang Yu Zhen Leng Yuan Zhang 《Journal of Road Engineering》 2024年第1期36-53,共18页
The application of reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP)and reclaimed asphalt shingles(RAS)on asphalt pavement can reduce the asphalt paving cost,conserve energy and protect the environment.However,the use of high contents ... The application of reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP)and reclaimed asphalt shingles(RAS)on asphalt pavement can reduce the asphalt paving cost,conserve energy and protect the environment.However,the use of high contents of RAP and RAS in asphalt pavement may lead to durability issues,especially the fatigue cracking and thermal cracking.It is necessary to conduct a series of analyses on asphalt mixtures containing high RAP and RAS,and seek methods to enhance their long-term performance.This paper provides a comprehensive over-view of the long-term performance of recycled asphalt mixtures containing high contents of RAP and RAS.The findings in this research show that rutting resistance of high recycled asphalt mixtures is not a concern,whereas their resistance to fatigue and thermal cracking is not conclusive.Recycling agents can be used to improve the thermal cracking resistance of high recycled asphalt mixtures.An optimum decision on recycling agents will improve the durability properties of high recycled asphalt mixtures.It is recommended that to use a balanced mixture design approach with testing of the blended asphalt binders will provide better understanding of long-term performance of recycled asphalt mixtures containing high RAP and RAS. 展开更多
关键词 Recycled asphalt mixture Recycling agents Long-term performance CRACKING
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Enhanced Evaporation of Ternary Mixtures in Porous Medium with Microcolumn Configuration
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作者 Bo Zhang Yunxie Huang +4 位作者 Peilin Cui Zhiguo Wang Duo Ding Zhenhai Pan Zhenyu Liu 《Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer》 EI 2024年第4期997-1016,共20页
The high surface area of porous media enhances its efficacy for evaporative cooling,however,the evaporation of pure substances often encounters issues including local overheating and unstable heat transfer.To address ... The high surface area of porous media enhances its efficacy for evaporative cooling,however,the evaporation of pure substances often encounters issues including local overheating and unstable heat transfer.To address these challenges,a volume of fluid(VOF)model integrated with a species transport model was developed to predict the evaporation processes of ternary mixtures(water,glycerol,and 1,2-propylene glycol)in porous ceramics in this study.It reveals that the synergistic effects of thermal conduction and convective heat transfer significantly influence the mixtures evaporation,causing the fluctuations in evaporation rates.The obtained result shows a significant increase in water evaporation rates with decreasing the microcolumn size.At a pore size of 30μm and a porosity of 30%,an optimal balance between capillary forces and flow resistance yields a peak water release rate of 96.0%.Furthermore,decreasing the glycerol content from 70%to 60%enhances water release by 10.6%.The findings in this work propose the approaches to optimize evaporative cooling technologies by controlling the evaporation of mixtures in porous media. 展开更多
关键词 Ternary mixtures porous medium EVAPORATION numerical simulation evaporative cooling
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Predictive modelling of volumetric and Marshall properties of asphalt mixtures modified with waste tire-derived char:A statistical neural network approach
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作者 Nura Shehu Aliyu Yaro Muslich Hartadi Sutanto +4 位作者 Noor Zainab Habib Aliyu Usman Abiola Adebanjo Surajo Abubakar Wada Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba 《Journal of Road Engineering》 2024年第3期318-333,共16页
The goals of this study are to assess the viability of waste tire-derived char(WTDC)as a sustainable,low-cost fine aggregate surrogate material for asphalt mixtures and to develop the statistically coupled neural netw... The goals of this study are to assess the viability of waste tire-derived char(WTDC)as a sustainable,low-cost fine aggregate surrogate material for asphalt mixtures and to develop the statistically coupled neural network(SCNN)model for predicting volumetric and Marshall properties of asphalt mixtures modified with WTDC.The study is based on experimental data acquired from laboratory volumetric and Marshall properties testing on WTDCmodified asphalt mixtures(WTDC-MAM).The input variables comprised waste tire char content and asphalt binder content.The output variables comprised mixture unit weight,total voids,voids filled with asphalt,Marshall stability,and flow.Statistical coupled neural networks were utilized to predict the volumetric and Marshall properties of asphalt mixtures.For predictive modeling,the SCNN model is employed,incorporating a three-layer neural network and preprocessing techniques to enhance accuracy and reliability.The optimal network architecture,using the collected dataset,was a 2:6:5 structure,and the neural network was trained with 60%of the data,whereas the other 20%was used for cross-validation and testing respectively.The network employed a hyperbolic tangent(tanh)activation function and a feed-forward backpropagation.According to the results,the network model could accurately predict the volumetric and Marshall properties.The predicted accuracy of SCNN was found to be as high value>98%and low prediction errors for both volumetric and Marshall properties.This study demonstrates WTDC's potential as a low-cost,sustainable aggregate replacement.The SCNN-based predictive model proves its efficiency and versatility and promotes sustainable practices. 展开更多
关键词 Waste tire Neural network Sustainable practices Asphalt mixtures Predictive model
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Historical tillage promotes grass-legume mixtures establishment and accelerates soil microbial activity and organic carbon decomposition
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作者 ZHOU Jiqiong GONG Jinchao +10 位作者 WANG Pengsen SU Yingying LI Xuxu LI Xiangjun LIU Lin BAI Yanfu MA Congyu WANG Wen HUANG Ting YAN Yanhong ZHANG Xinquan 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第7期910-924,共15页
Perennial grass-legume mixtures have been extensively used to restore degraded grasslands,increasing grassland productivity and forage quality.Tillage is crucial for seedbed preparation and sustainable weed management... Perennial grass-legume mixtures have been extensively used to restore degraded grasslands,increasing grassland productivity and forage quality.Tillage is crucial for seedbed preparation and sustainable weed management for the establishment of grass-legume mixtures.However,a common concern is that intensive tillage may alter soil characteristics,leading to losses in soil organic carbon(SOC).We investigated the plant community composition,SOC,soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC),soil enzyme activities,and soil properties in long-term perennial grass-legume mixtures under two different tillage intensities(once and twice)as well as in a fenced grassland(FG).The establishment of grass-legume mixtures increased plant species diversity and plant community coverage,compared with FG.Compared with once tilled grassland(OTG),twice tilled grassland(TTG)enhanced the coverage of high-quality leguminous forage species by 380.3%.Grass-legume mixtures with historical tillage decreased SOC and dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentrations,whereas soil MBC concentrations in OTG and TTG increased by 16.0%and 16.4%,respectively,compared with FG.TTG significantly decreased the activity of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG)by 72.3%,whereas soil enzymeβ-glucosidase(βG)in OTG and TTG increased by 55.9%and 27.3%,respectively,compared with FG.Correlation analysis indicated a close association of the increase in MBC andβG activities with the rapid decline in SOC.This result suggested that MBC was a key driving factor in soil carbon storage dynamics,potentially accelerating soil carbon cycling and facilitating biogeochemical cycling.The establishment of grass-legume mixtures effectively improves forage quality and boosts plant diversity,thereby facilitating the restoration of degraded grasslands.Although tillage assists in establishing legume-grass mixtures by controlling weeds,it accelerates microbial activity and organic carbon decomposition.Our findings provide a foundation for understanding the process and effectiveness of restoration management in degraded grasslands. 展开更多
关键词 TILLAGE grass-legume mixtures fencing grassland microbial biomass carbon β-glucosidase(βG) N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG)
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Adsorption behavior of CO_(2)/H_(2)S mixtures in calcite slit nanopores for CO_(2) storage:An insight from molecular perspective
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作者 Cheng Qian Zhen-Hua Rui +4 位作者 Yue-Liang Liu Kai Du Chen Liu Yang Zhao Xiao-Min Ma 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期2444-2456,共13页
It is acknowledged that injecting CO_(2) into oil reservoirs and saline aquifers for storage is a practical and affordable method for CO_(2) sequestration.Most CO_(2) produced from industrial exhaust contains impurity... It is acknowledged that injecting CO_(2) into oil reservoirs and saline aquifers for storage is a practical and affordable method for CO_(2) sequestration.Most CO_(2) produced from industrial exhaust contains impurity gases such as H_(2)S that might impact CO_(2) sequestration due to competitive adsorption.This study makes a commendable effort to explore the adsorption behavior of CO_(2)/H_(2)S mixtures in calcite slit nanopores.Grand Canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)simulation is employed to reveal the adsorption of CO_(2),H_(2)S as well as their binary mixtures in calcite nanopores.Results show that the increase in pressure and temperature can promote and inhibit the adsorption capacity of CO_(2) and H_(2)S in calcite nanopores,respectively.CO_(2)exhibits stronger adsorption on calcite surface than H_(2)S.Electrostatic energy plays the dominating role in the adsorption behavior.Electrostatic energy accounts for 97.11%of the CO_(2)-calcite interaction energy and 56.33%of the H_(2)S-calcite interaction energy at 10 MPa and 323.15 K.The presence of H_(2)S inhibits the CO_(2) adsorption in calcite nanopores due to competitive adsorption,and a higher mole fraction of H_(2)S leads to less CO_(2) adsorption.The quantity of CO_(2) adsorbed is lessened by approximately 33%when the mole fraction of H_(2)S reaches 0.25.CO_(2) molecules preferentially occupy the regions near the po re wall and H_(2)S molecules tend to reside at the center of nanopore even when the molar ratio of CO_(2) is low,indicating that CO_(2) has an adsorption priority on the calcite surface over H_(2)S.In addition,moisture can weaken the adsorption of both CO_(2) and H_(2)S,while CO_(2) is more affected.More interestingly,we find that pure CO_(2) is more suitable to be sequestrated in the shallower formations,i.e.,500-1500 m,whereas CO_(2)with H_(2)S impurity should be settled in the deeper reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 Adsorption behavior CO_(2)/H_(2)S binary mixtures Molecular perspective Calcite slit nanopores CO_(2)sequestration
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Laboratory evaluation of epoxy resin modified asphalt mixtures 被引量:13
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作者 钱振东 罗桑 王建伟 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2007年第1期117-121,共5页
The pavement performance of epoxy resin modified asphalt mixtures was investigated by the Marshall test, the indirect tensile test, the rutting test, the three-pointed bending test and the composite beam fatigue test.... The pavement performance of epoxy resin modified asphalt mixtures was investigated by the Marshall test, the indirect tensile test, the rutting test, the three-pointed bending test and the composite beam fatigue test. In comparison with the performance of epoxy resin modified asphalt mixtures, the performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures (SMA10) was also investigated. The rutting test and composite beam fatigue test results show that the epoxy resin modified asphalt mixtures can improve permanent deformation and fatigue characteristics. They also show lower temperature susceptibility and greater resistance to moisture damage compared to the SMA10. Findings from the research indicate that the epoxy resin modified asphalt mixture provides an optional material for the pavement of long-span steel bridges in China due to profound performance and economic advantages. 展开更多
关键词 epoxy resin modified asphalt epoxy resin modified asphalt mixture PAVEMENT strength performance
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On the Bacteriostatic Activity of Bacillus subtilis and Pyraclostrobin as Well as Their Mixtures to Grape Anthracnose and the Field Disease Control Efficiency 被引量:2
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作者 吉沐祥 毛妮妮 +6 位作者 李国平 姚克兵 刘吉祥 陈宏州 吴祥 郭建 芮东明 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第12期2736-2741,共6页
[Objective] To screen out the biological compound bactericides for grape anthracnose, reduce and replace the use of chemical pesticide. [Methods] The de- termination on the indoor bacteriostatic activity of different ... [Objective] To screen out the biological compound bactericides for grape anthracnose, reduce and replace the use of chemical pesticide. [Methods] The de- termination on the indoor bacteriostatic activity of different proportions of Bacillus subtilis and pyraclostrobin to grape anthracnose was carried out, and mycelial growth rate method was adopted to determine the toxicity of Bacillus subtilis and pyraclostrobin as well as their 5 mixtures to grape anthracnose. [Results] The EC50 of Bacillus subtilis and pyraclostrobin as well as their mixture combinations of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 to grape anthracnose were respectively 1.969 8, 1.527 4, 1.373 2, 1.294 8 and 1.247 3 μg/ml; the synergistic coefficients (SR) of the 5 mix- ture combinations to grape anthracnose were 1.70, 1.25, 1.13, 1.12 and 1.12, re- spectively, in which the synergistic effect of 1:1 was the largest. The indoor biologi- cal activity of pyraclostrobin(EC50 was 1.054 0μg/ml) was higher than that of Bacil- lus subtilis(EC50 was 15.017 5 μg/ml). 50 d after the agentia(before the harvesting), the investigation results showed that 1 000-fold dilution, 1 500-fold dilution and 2 000- fold dilution as well as each single dosage of 20% pyraclostrobin .200×10^8 cfu/g Bacillus subtili wettable powder all had better control efficiency to grape anthracnose after fruit setting and before bagging, in which the treatments of high concentration and middle concentration were higher than the treatments of low concentration and two single dosages: the highest control efficiency of high concentration was 90.03%, which was higher than all other treatments; the control efficiency of middle concen- tration was 87.01%, which was higher than that of low concentration and each sin- gle dosage; the control efficiency of low concentration was 84.11%, which was high- er than 1 000-fold dilution of 1 000×10^8 cfu/g Bacillus subti/i wettable powder (the control efficiency was 64.60%) and 2 000-fold dilution of 250 g/L Bacillus subti/i wettable powder (the control efficiency was 81.07%). In addition, each treatment al- so had better control efficiency to other cluster diseases, such as white rot, etc., and the control efficiency was almost the same as that of anthracnose. [Conclusion] It was suggested that the prevention concentration of 20% pyraclostrobin .200×10^8 cfu/g Bacillus subtili wettable powder to grape anthracnose after fruit setting and before bagging was 1 000-fold - 2 000-fold dilution. 展开更多
关键词 Grape anthracnose Bacillus subtilis PYRACLOSTROBIN mixturE Bacterio- static activity Field control efficiency
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Evaluation of fracture properties of epoxy asphalt mixtures by SCB test 被引量:3
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作者 陈先华 李炜农 李洪涛 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2009年第4期527-530,共4页
The fracture properties of epoxy asphalt mixtures (EAM) are evaluated based on J-integral and ultimate strength. Totally 60 semi-circular bending (SCB)specimens cored from superpave gyratory compactor (SGC)with ... The fracture properties of epoxy asphalt mixtures (EAM) are evaluated based on J-integral and ultimate strength. Totally 60 semi-circular bending (SCB)specimens cored from superpave gyratory compactor (SGC)with three groups of notch depths are tested at the temperature of - 10 and 20 ℃. The experimental results reveal good repeatability in EAM characterization. The tensile strength ratio of SCB to the indirect tensile test (IDT) is at a range of 1.4 to 1.7, and the ultimate strength of EAM is exponentially dependent on the notch depths. At the test temperatures, the critical J-integral value of EAM is much higher than that of hot mix asphalt( HMA) with thermoplastic asphalt binder. The response mode of EAM changes from ductile mode to brittle mode and the fracture energy increases 30% when temperature decreases from 20 to - 10℃, while its critical J-integral value decreases only 15%. It is concluded that EAM has better fracture resistance than thermo-plastic HMA; more fracture energy is needed to initiate cracks in EAM at low temperature, and the cracks propagate more rapidly than at room temperature. 展开更多
关键词 epoxy asphalt mixture tensile strength critical J- integral semi-circular bending test
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Effects of polyphosphoric acid modified asphalt on the low-temperature cracking of asphalt mixtures 被引量:3
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作者 丁海波 张华 王郴平 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2016年第2期215-218,共4页
In order to determine whether polyphosphoric acid (PPA) can partially or completely substitute styrene-butadiene- styrene (SBS) modifier while it does not adversely affect the resistance to thermal cracking of the... In order to determine whether polyphosphoric acid (PPA) can partially or completely substitute styrene-butadiene- styrene (SBS) modifier while it does not adversely affect the resistance to thermal cracking of the asphalt mixture, the low- temperature fracture properties of the PPA modified mixtures are evaluated and compared to the SBS modified mixtures. First, laboratory compacted test samples were tested by the indirect tensile test (IDT) and the newly developed fracture testing protocol, named as disk-shaped compact tension (DCT). Then, the effects of the test temperature and air-void ratio on the low-temperature fracture properties of asphalt mixtures were analyzed. The results show that the fracture resistance of the PPA modified mixtures is worse than that of the SBS modified mixtures. However, for those modified mixtures that use the PPA substituting part of the SBS modifier, a relatively low-temperature fracture resistance can be obtained compared with the mixture only using the SBS modifier. 展开更多
关键词 asphalt mixture low temperature polyphosphoricacid disk-shaped compact tension
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Relationship between repeated triaxial test and Hamburg wheel tracking test on asphalt mixtures 被引量:4
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作者 朱浩然 杨军 +1 位作者 史啸 陆海珠 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2010年第1期117-121,共5页
Both the repeated triaxial test (RTT) and the Hamburg wheel tracking test (HWTT) are adopted to evaluate the high temperature performance of the stone mastic asphalt (SMA) and the mastic asphalt (MA). The corr... Both the repeated triaxial test (RTT) and the Hamburg wheel tracking test (HWTT) are adopted to evaluate the high temperature performance of the stone mastic asphalt (SMA) and the mastic asphalt (MA). The correlation of the permanent deformations of the MA and the correlation of the deformation developments of the SMA between the two tests are analyzed, respectively. Results show that both the two tests can effectively identify the high temperature performance of mixtures, and the correlation between the final results of the two tests as well as that between the deformation developments of the two tests are excellent with R20.9. In order to further prove the correlation, viscoelastic parameters estimated from the RTT results is used to simulate the rutting development in the HWTT slabs by the finite element method (FEM). Results indicate that the correlation between the two tests is significant with errors less than 10%. It is suitable to predict the rutting development with the viscoelastic parameters obtained from the RTT. 展开更多
关键词 asphalt mixture repeated triaxial test Hamburg wheel tracking test CORRELATION high temperature performance finite element method
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Evaluation of modification effect of epoxy resin based on performance of asphalt mixtures 被引量:4
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作者 杨军 陆海珠 +1 位作者 袁登全 王建伟 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2007年第1期122-126,共5页
Based on the analysis of the main failures discovered in pavement on steel deck plate and the demanding service condition of the pavement on steel deck, high-temperature rutting test, low-temperature bending test and ... Based on the analysis of the main failures discovered in pavement on steel deck plate and the demanding service condition of the pavement on steel deck, high-temperature rutting test, low-temperature bending test and controlled stress flexural fatigue test are used to study the performance of asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin including high-temperature stability, low-temperature cracking-resistance, and fatigue cracking-resistance, which are served to evaluate the modification effect of epoxy resin of different contents. With the addition of epoxy resin, all the three performances are improved greatly. However, when the amount of epoxy resin added is over a certain value, the modification effect will be stable with no extra benefit detected. Finally, in terms of the properties of the three respects, 20%, 30%, 30% are given separately as the proposal adding contents. 展开更多
关键词 pavement on steel deck plate content of epoxy resin asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin PERFORMANCE modification effect
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Toxicity of 26 Fungicides against and Synergistic Effects of Binary Mixtures on Oidium heveae 被引量:2
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作者 杨意伯 谭志琼 张荣意 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第5期1166-1172,共7页
[Objective] This study was conducted to determine the toxicity of 26 fungicides against Oidium heveae and the synergistic effects of their binary mixtures.[Method] The sensitivity of O.heveae to 26 fungicides was dete... [Objective] This study was conducted to determine the toxicity of 26 fungicides against Oidium heveae and the synergistic effects of their binary mixtures.[Method] The sensitivity of O.heveae to 26 fungicides was determined in vitro and in vivo by calculating EC50 values.Horsfall's toxicity rate was preliminarily employed to predict the type of joint action of 180 two-way mixtures,based on which the interaction level of the potentially synergistic mixtures was validated by Sun and Johnson's co-toxicity coefficient.[Result] Triflumizole,pyraoxystrobin,flufenoxystrobin,epoxiconazole,pyrametostrobin,flusilazole,pyraclostrobin and tetraconazole were the most potent inhibitors of both spore germination and mycelial growth.An ‘in vitro-in vivo' integrated strategy is proposed for screening the inhibitors of O.heveae,according to the fact that data obtained in germination experiment are able to reflect to some extent the effectiveness of fungicide confirmed by pot experiment.Results achieved by Horsfall's were in line with that validated by Sun and Johnson's,the Horsfall's seems to be a convenient means to assess rapidly the potential interaction type and level of fungicides in a binary mixture.Nineteen mixtures interact synergistically:epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin at the mixing ratio of 6:4,8:2;tetraconazole + flufenoxystrobin at 1:9,2:8,3:7 and 4:6;triadimefon + flufenoxystrobin at 9:1;triflumizole + flufenoxystrobin at 8:2;flusilazole +pyrametostrobin at 7:3,8:2 and 9:1;tetraconazole + pyrametostrobin at 6:4;triadimefon + pyrametostrobin at 5:5,8:2;triflumizole + pyrametostrobin at 7:3,8:2;tetraconazole + pyraoxystrobin at 9:1;triflumizole + pyraoxystrobin at 8:2,9:1.[Conclusion] The single fungicides and their binary mixtures are expected to serve as the alternatives to triadimefon and the alternate use of them could delay the buildup of resistant O.heveae isolate. 展开更多
关键词 Rubber powdery mildew Oidium heveae Screening on fungicides Synergistic mixture fungicides
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Evaluation of fatigue property of asphalt mixtures based on digital image correlation method 被引量:6
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作者 蒋继望 倪富健 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2017年第2期216-223,共8页
In order to evaluate the accumulative of tensile strain in the process of fatigue failure, the digital image correlation(DIC) method was utilized to characterize the tensile strain development of asphalt mixtures in... In order to evaluate the accumulative of tensile strain in the process of fatigue failure, the digital image correlation(DIC) method was utilized to characterize the tensile strain development of asphalt mixtures in the indirect tensile(IDT)fatigue test. Three typical hot mix asphalt(HMA) mixtures with varying nominal maximum aggregate sizes were tested at four stress levels. During the tests, a digital camera was mounted to capture the displacement/strain fields on the surface of the specimen by recording the real-time change of speckle position. The results indicate that the vertical deformation curve can barely evaluate the fatigue performance accurately due to the non-negligible local deflection near the loading point. However, based on the analysis of strain fields,the optimal fatigue cracking zone is determined as a 40mm×40mm rectangle in the middle of the specimens. Also, a reasonable fatigue model based on the tensile strain curves calculated by DIC is proposed to predict the fatigue lives of asphalt mixtures. 展开更多
关键词 asphalt mixtures fatigue behavior digital image correlation indirect tensile fatigue test
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The Study on the Effects of Chinese Herbal Mixtures on Growth,Activity of Post-Ruminal Digestive Enzymes and Serum Antioxidant Status of Beef Cattle 被引量:13
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作者 WANG Hong-fang YANG Wei-ren +2 位作者 WANG Yu-xi YANG Zai-bin CUI Yong-hua 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2011年第3期448-455,共8页
Sixteen Limousin×Luxi crossbred beef cattle [(199.4±8.67) kg] were used to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures (CHM) on growth, activities of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxid... Sixteen Limousin×Luxi crossbred beef cattle [(199.4±8.67) kg] were used to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures (CHM) on growth, activities of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle. Treatments were control (no CHM supplementation) and three formulations of CHM (CHM-A, CHM-B and CHM-C) that were arranged as completely randomized design. The calves were fed in indoor individual feeding barn with total mixed ration for 90 d. The CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C was incorporated into the diet at the level of 20 g kg-1 DM (dry matter) of concentrate. The cattle were weighted at the beginning, at the end and every 15 d between to determine growth rate. Blood sample was taken every 30 d to analyze activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). The cattle were slaughtered at the end of experiment and chymus samples from various section of the post-ruminal digestive tract were collected to analyze enzymes activities. All cattle had similar average daily gain, but cattle supplemented with CHM-A tended faster growth (P=0.08) compared to the control and other CHM treatments. Supplementation of CHM did not affect pH of chymus in any section of the post-ruminal digestive tract. Activities of pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase in chymus samples were enhanced (P0.05) to various extents by supplementation of CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C depending on the enzymes and the site of the digestive tract. Amylase activity was increased only by CHM-A and CHM-C from chymus sample collected at the ileum. Supplementation of CHM-A and CHM-B reduced (P0.05) concentration of MDA, but did not affect GSH-PX activity in the serum of cattle throughout the entire experimental period. Cattle supplemented with CHM-B also had higher (P0.05) T-SOD activity in the serum at day 30 and 60 as compared with the control and the other two CHM treatments. Chinese herbal mixtures supplemented at the levels of 20 g kg-1 DM of concentrate increased post-ruminal digestive enzymes activity and enhanced serum antioxidant status. Inclusion of CHM-A and CHM-B in the diet may be favourable for ruminant production. 展开更多
关键词 Chinese herbal mixture CATTLE GROWTH digestive enzymes antioxidant status
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Separation of CO_2/CH_4 and CH_4/N_2 mixtures using MOF-5 and Cu_3(BTC)_2 被引量:7
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作者 Junmin Li Jiangfeng Yang +1 位作者 Libo Li Jinping Li 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2014年第4期453-460,共8页
In this paper we used MOF-5 and Cu3(BTC)2 to separate CO2/CH4 and CI-I4/N2 mixtures under dynamic conditions. Both materials were synthesized and pelletized, thus allowing for a meaningful characterization in view o... In this paper we used MOF-5 and Cu3(BTC)2 to separate CO2/CH4 and CI-I4/N2 mixtures under dynamic conditions. Both materials were synthesized and pelletized, thus allowing for a meaningful characterization in view of process scale-up. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By performing breakthrough experiments, we found that Cu3(BTC)2 separated CO2/CH4 slightly better than MOF-5. Because the crystal structure of Cu3 (BTC)2 includes unsaturated accessible metal sites formed via dehydration, it predominantly interacted with CO2 molecules and more easily captured them. Conversely, MOF-5 with a suitable pore size separated CH4/N2 more efficiently in our breakthrough test. 展开更多
关键词 ADSORPTION SEPARATION metal organic framework gas mixtures
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The effective ionization coefficients and electron drift velocities in gas mixtures of CF_3I with N_2 and CO_2 obtained from Boltzmann equation analysis 被引量:17
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作者 邓云坤 肖登明 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第3期352-357,共6页
The electron swarm parameters including the density-normalized effective ionization coefficients(α-η)/N and the electron drift velocities V e are calculated for a gas mixture of CF3I with N2 and CO2 by solving the... The electron swarm parameters including the density-normalized effective ionization coefficients(α-η)/N and the electron drift velocities V e are calculated for a gas mixture of CF3I with N2 and CO2 by solving the Boltzmann equation in the condition of a steady-state Townsend(SST) experiment.The overall density-reduced electric field strength is from 100 Td to 1000 Td(1 Td = 10-17V·cm2),while the CF3I content k in the gas mixture can be varied over the range from 0% to 100%.From the variation of(αη)/N with the CF3I mixture ratio k,the limiting field strength(E/N) lim for each CF3I concentration is derived.It is found that for the mixtures with 70% CF3I,the values of(E/N) lim are essentially the same as that for pure SF 6.Additionally,the global warming potential(GWP) and the liquefaction temperature of the gas mixtures are also taken into account to evaluate the possibility of application in the gas insulation of power equipment. 展开更多
关键词 effective ionization coefficient electron drift velocity insulation characteristics CF3I gas mixtures
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Design Method and Performance for Large Stone Porous Asphalt Mixtures 被引量:4
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作者 赵永利 黄晓明 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第5期871-876,共6页
Design method for large stone porous asphalt mixtures (LSPM) was analyzed to avoid the early distresses of semi-rigid asphalt pavements. Based on stone-to-stone skeleton structure concept, processes of LSPM gradatio... Design method for large stone porous asphalt mixtures (LSPM) was analyzed to avoid the early distresses of semi-rigid asphalt pavements. Based on stone-to-stone skeleton structure concept, processes of LSPM gradation design was given. The gradation composite design for LSPM shows that the LSPM nominal maximum size ( N MS) should be larger than 26.5 mm, and the NMS sieve passing percentage should be greater than 50%. Through experiments and calculations on the volume properties of the aggregate, the range of aggregate gradation curve of LSPM was given. In terms of asphalt binder's normalized test results, MAC-70 and SBS modified asphalt were selected as the asphalt binders. The applicability of large scale Marshall Method and gyratory compaction method to shape specimens was investigated. Based on the asphalt mixture performance evaluation, the optimum asphalt content range (3.1%-3.6%), the bitumen film's thickness range (13-16 μm) and the air void range (13%-18 %) were recommended. Finally, LSPM was tested by the laboratory performance tests including rutting resistance test, fatigue test and water stability test. The theoretic and practical analysis shows that LSPM has a good performance on water permeability, rutting resistance and reflection crack resistance. 展开更多
关键词 large stone porous asphalt mixtures (LSPM) mixture design PERFORMANCE aggregate gradation optimum asphalt content
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Effects of Fibers on the Dynamic Properties of Asphalt Mixtures 被引量:5
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作者 吴少鹏 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2007年第4期733-736,共4页
The dynamic characteristics of fiber-modified asphalt mixture were investigated. Cellulose fiber, polyester fiber and mineral fiber were used as additives for asphalt mixture, and the dosage was 0.3%, 0.3%, 0.4%, resp... The dynamic characteristics of fiber-modified asphalt mixture were investigated. Cellulose fiber, polyester fiber and mineral fiber were used as additives for asphalt mixture, and the dosage was 0.3%, 0.3%, 0.4%, respectively. Dynamic modulus test using SuperPave simple performance tester (SPT) was conducted to study the dynamic modulus (E') and phase angle (δ) for the control asphalt mixture and fiber-modified ones at various temperatures and frequencies. Experimental results show that all fiber-modified asphalt mixtures have higher dynamic modulus compared with control mixture. The dynamic modulus master curves of each type of asphalt mixtures are determined based on nonlinear least square regression in accordance with the time- temperature superposition theory at a control temperature (21.1℃). The fatigue parameter E^*×sinδ and rutting parameter E^*/sinδ of asphalt mixture are adopted to study the fatigue and rutting-resistance properties, and experimental results indicate that such properties can be improved by fiber additives. 展开更多
关键词 FIBER asphalt mixture dynamic modulus phase angle master curve
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