Liang Qichao 's analysis of "freedom "in On Freedom is mainly focused on revealing the evolution and variation of the term "freedom "in modern Chinese society. In his view,freedom is not only a...Liang Qichao 's analysis of "freedom "in On Freedom is mainly focused on revealing the evolution and variation of the term "freedom "in modern Chinese society. In his view,freedom is not only an indispensable element of an individual's life,but also fully applicable to the course of social and historical developm ent. Liang Qichao 's liberalism originates directly from the West,but is deeply influenced by the Chinese traditional discourse system and the overwhelming reality context of saving the nation in modern tim es.What is different from Western liberalism is that the dim ensions of Liang Qichao 's freedom are developed at two levels,one is the individual level,the other is the national level. The form er has the significance of enlightenm ent,while the latter has the significance of saving lives. Enlightenm ent and salvation are not only the"double variations"of modern C hina,but also the dual responsibility of modern Chinese enlightenm ent thinkers,which is dem-onstrated in Liang Qichao 's thought of freedom.展开更多
Liang Qichao actually influenced Chinese society of late Qing dynasty in a great and profound way.H e founded several political newspapers,pioneered a literary style called political commentary and wrote many politica...Liang Qichao actually influenced Chinese society of late Qing dynasty in a great and profound way.H e founded several political newspapers,pioneered a literary style called political commentary and wrote many political fictions,which fully embody his deep thinking over China’s destiny at that time under impacts of western politics as well as his practical activities.H is political fiction does not only pioneer new forms and contents of modern fiction,but also play a crucial role in leading numerous writers to construct a"Chinese Dream"literature by granting politics as theme of fiction and shaping of political heroes.W hat’s more,his political fiction also becomes a basis of integration between literature and politics.展开更多
After the Sino-Japanese War （1894-95）, leading late Qing intellectuals such as Liang Qichao introduced modem political concepts in a highly affective fashion, making the passionate interest in and adoption of wester...After the Sino-Japanese War （1894-95）, leading late Qing intellectuals such as Liang Qichao introduced modem political concepts in a highly affective fashion, making the passionate interest in and adoption of western-imported political concepts a hallmark of Chinese modernity. What are these highly personalized affective experiences like？ What have given rise to them？ How can the study of these experiences broaden our understanding of modernity, and myriad modernizing experiences, in China and other similar cultural contexts？ More importantly, how can the use of affect and emotion as analytical categories offer us better insights into some of the most radical intellectual and political transformations that have taken place in China？ To answer these questions, perhaps we need to look elsewhere than the semantic content of language. This article focuses on the incipient moments of this affective trend in late Qing China and studies the formation of discursive ＂text＂ as the production of sensational ＂object.＂ It examines musical and visual appeals Liang Qichao generated for two recently translated political concepts, ＂national citizen＂ （guomin） and ＂revolution＂ （geming）, in historical biographies published in New Citizen Journal in 1902. By exemplifying that Liang＇s semantic text was intended to be circulated as an audio text and pictorial text, and that modem concepts had been received as literary as well as auditory and visual experiences, I argue that Chinese modernity often teeters in a state of aesthetic ambivalence. It is displaced and suspended from discursive meanings of the constructed discourse resulting from cross cultural exchanges and consolidated by power relations on both the local and the international levels.展开更多
This paper examines early discussions of stock exchanges by Max Weber, Liang Qichao, and Kang Youwei and considers their contemporaneity. Despite different contexts, the discussions shared a nineteenth-century preoccu...This paper examines early discussions of stock exchanges by Max Weber, Liang Qichao, and Kang Youwei and considers their contemporaneity. Despite different contexts, the discussions shared a nineteenth-century preoccupation with global competition and Darwinian struggles for survival. All reveal the attendant anxieties of latecomer nations experiencing belated modernity. Weber, however, wrote from a position that embraced German colonialism, whereas Liang and Kang＇s advocacy of stock exchanges was marked by concerns for the Chinese nation that emerged as a result of the experience of colonialism and economic imperialism.展开更多
文摘Liang Qichao 's analysis of "freedom "in On Freedom is mainly focused on revealing the evolution and variation of the term "freedom "in modern Chinese society. In his view,freedom is not only an indispensable element of an individual's life,but also fully applicable to the course of social and historical developm ent. Liang Qichao 's liberalism originates directly from the West,but is deeply influenced by the Chinese traditional discourse system and the overwhelming reality context of saving the nation in modern tim es.What is different from Western liberalism is that the dim ensions of Liang Qichao 's freedom are developed at two levels,one is the individual level,the other is the national level. The form er has the significance of enlightenm ent,while the latter has the significance of saving lives. Enlightenm ent and salvation are not only the"double variations"of modern C hina,but also the dual responsibility of modern Chinese enlightenm ent thinkers,which is dem-onstrated in Liang Qichao 's thought of freedom.
基金Doctoral Research Launching Fund Program of Xi’an Polytechnic University(No.BS1328)Philosophy and Social Science Fund Program of Xi’an Polytechnic University in 2014(No.2014ZXSK15)
文摘Liang Qichao actually influenced Chinese society of late Qing dynasty in a great and profound way.H e founded several political newspapers,pioneered a literary style called political commentary and wrote many political fictions,which fully embody his deep thinking over China’s destiny at that time under impacts of western politics as well as his practical activities.H is political fiction does not only pioneer new forms and contents of modern fiction,but also play a crucial role in leading numerous writers to construct a"Chinese Dream"literature by granting politics as theme of fiction and shaping of political heroes.W hat’s more,his political fiction also becomes a basis of integration between literature and politics.
文摘After the Sino-Japanese War （1894-95）, leading late Qing intellectuals such as Liang Qichao introduced modem political concepts in a highly affective fashion, making the passionate interest in and adoption of western-imported political concepts a hallmark of Chinese modernity. What are these highly personalized affective experiences like？ What have given rise to them？ How can the study of these experiences broaden our understanding of modernity, and myriad modernizing experiences, in China and other similar cultural contexts？ More importantly, how can the use of affect and emotion as analytical categories offer us better insights into some of the most radical intellectual and political transformations that have taken place in China？ To answer these questions, perhaps we need to look elsewhere than the semantic content of language. This article focuses on the incipient moments of this affective trend in late Qing China and studies the formation of discursive ＂text＂ as the production of sensational ＂object.＂ It examines musical and visual appeals Liang Qichao generated for two recently translated political concepts, ＂national citizen＂ （guomin） and ＂revolution＂ （geming）, in historical biographies published in New Citizen Journal in 1902. By exemplifying that Liang＇s semantic text was intended to be circulated as an audio text and pictorial text, and that modem concepts had been received as literary as well as auditory and visual experiences, I argue that Chinese modernity often teeters in a state of aesthetic ambivalence. It is displaced and suspended from discursive meanings of the constructed discourse resulting from cross cultural exchanges and consolidated by power relations on both the local and the international levels.
文摘This paper examines early discussions of stock exchanges by Max Weber, Liang Qichao, and Kang Youwei and considers their contemporaneity. Despite different contexts, the discussions shared a nineteenth-century preoccupation with global competition and Darwinian struggles for survival. All reveal the attendant anxieties of latecomer nations experiencing belated modernity. Weber, however, wrote from a position that embraced German colonialism, whereas Liang and Kang＇s advocacy of stock exchanges was marked by concerns for the Chinese nation that emerged as a result of the experience of colonialism and economic imperialism.
