Geochemical Anomalies Identified by Multifractal Modeling: Implications for Mineral Exploration in the Ziyoutun Cu-Au District, Jilin Province, China

The Ziyoutun Cu-Au district is located in the Jizhong–Yanbian Metallogenic Belt and possesses excellent prospects. However, the thick regolith and complex tectonic settings present challenges in terms of detecting and decomposition of weak geochemical anomalies. To address this challenge, we initially conducted a comprehensive analysis of 1:10,000-scale soil geochemical data. This analysis included multivariate statistical techniques, such as correlation analysis, R-mode cluster analysis, Q–Q plots and factor analysis. Subsequently, we decomposed the geochemical anomalies, identifying weak anomalies using spectrum-area modeling and local singularity analysis. The results indicate that the assemblage of Au-Cu-Bi-As-Sb represents the mineralization at Ziyoutun. In comparison to conventional methods, spectrumarea modeling and local singularity analysis outperform in terms of identification of anomalies. Ultimately, we considered four specific target areas(AP01, AP02, AP03 and AP04) for future exploration, based on geochemical anomalies and favorable geological factors. Within AP01 and AP02, the geochemical anomalies suggest potential mineralization at depth, whereas in AP03 and AP04 the surface anomalies require additional geological investigation. Consequently, we recommend conducting drilling, following more extensive surface fieldwork, at the first two targets and verifying surface anomalies in the last two targets. We anticipate these findings will significantly enhance future exploration in Ziyoutun.

Ecological Suitability Evaluation on Agricultural Land in Western Jilin Province Based on Fuzzy Mathematics

[Objective] This study was to evaluate the ecological suitability of agricultural land in western Jilin Province, with the aim to provide basis for the effective application of agricultural resources and the structural adjustment of land use. [Method] The evaluation index system was constructed based on fuzzy mathematic method according to the principles of systematic, dominant, effectiveness and feasibility; based on law of tolerance, reasonable evaluation criteria were determined according to the ecological amplitude of crops; based on GIS processing, the initial data completed the mathematical operation by using the VBA program in Excel. [Result] The area of agricultural land grade I was 5 512 km2, grade II of 25 985 km2, grade Ill of 7 907 km2, and area of land not suitable for agriculture was 6 312 km2. According to the evaluation results, the key areas for land use adjustment were Zhenlai County, Da＇an County, Tongyu County and western Changling County. The directions of land use adjustment included improving irrigation and drainage conditions, governing land salinization and conversion of cropland to forest and grassland. [Conclusion] This study provided basis for the effective application of agricultural resources and ecological environment construction in western Jilin Province.

Current Situation and Development Countermeasures on Grassland Resource in Farming-pasturing Ecotone in West Jilin Province

Upon the current degradation situation of grassland in west Jilin Province,I analyzed the effects of natural factors and human activities on the degradation of grassland,and further purposefully put forward countermeasures on the remediation and development of grassland.As a conclusion,scientifically utilizing and protecting the grassland resources could suppress grassland degradation,promoting the sustainable development of regional economy.

Study on Extracting Information about Settlements Distribution in Western Jilin Province Based on Decision Tree Model

With western Jilin Province as the study region, spectral characteristics and texture features of remote sensing images were taken as the classification basis to construct a Decision Tree Model and extract information about settlements in western Jilin Province, and the manually-extracted information about settlements in western Jilin Province was evaluated by confusion matrix. The results showed that Decision Tree Model was convenient for extracting settlements information by integrating spectral and texture features, and the accuracy of such a method was higher than that of the traditional Maximum Liklihood Method, in addition, calculation methods of extracting settlements information by this mean were concluded.

Comparative Advantage of Maize Production in Jilin Province

The comparative advantage of maize production in Jilin Province was analyzed based on the sow area index,unit yield index,benefit index and comprehensive comparative advantage index in this study.The results showed that compared with other provinces in China,there was obvious comparative advantage in sow area index and unit yield index of maize in Jilin,the average of which stood for the first and the fourth in China from 2002 to 2006;there was no comparative advantage of benefit index compared with the average value of the whole countries,the average of which stood for the 14th in China from 2002 to 2006;the comprehensive comparative advantage in Jilin provincial maize production showed significant comparative advantage,the average of which stood for the fourth in China from 2002 to 2006.On the basis of the above,the suggestions to develop maize production in Jilin province had been put forward.

Ecological Footprint and Major Driving Forces in West Jilin Province, Northeast China

The environmental impact caused by local people （ecological footprint of consumption, EFc） and the actual environmental impact that the ecosystem burdens （ecological footprint of production, EFp） in West Jilin Province, Northeast China from 1986 to 2006 were evaluated by using ecological footprint （EF） method. And the major driving forces of EFc and EFp were analyzed by STIRPAT model. Both EFc and EFp showed increasing trends in 1986-2006, accompanied by decreasing ecological deficits but expanding ecological overshoots. Population （P）, GDP per capita （A1）, quadratic term of GDP per capita （A2）, urbanization （Tα1）, and quadratic term of urbanization （Ta2） were important influencing factors of EFc, among which Tα2 and Tα1 were the most dominate driving forces of EFc. A1, A2 and Tα2 were important influencing factors of EFp, among which A2 and A1 were the most dominate driving forces of EFp. In 1986-2006, the classical Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis did not exist between A2 and EF （both EFc and EFp）, but did between Tα2 and EF. The results indicate that enhancing the urbanization process and diversifying economic sources is one of the most effective ways to reduce the environmental impact of West Jilin Province. Moreover, importance should be attached to improve the eco-efficiency of resource exploitation and consumption.

Types and Spatial Distribution of Geo-tourism Resources in Jilin Province of China

Natural geological conditions and geo-tourism resources in Jilin Province were introduced,and distribution features of the local major tourist resources(vegetation-covered eastern region,grass swamp on western plain) were studied.Jingyu Volcanic Mineral Spring Geo-park,Changbai Mountain Geo-park and Qian'an Mud Forest Geo-park were studied as typical geo-tourism resources,so as to provide basic data for the systematic development and construction of geo-tourism resources in Jilin Province.

DYNAMICS OF SANDY DESERTIFICATION AND ITS DRIVING FORCES IN WESTERN JILIN PROVINCE

By establishing the interpreting elements, and applying supervised classification, the sandy desertific- ation was interpreted and the desertified land areas of the counties in the western Jilin Province in 1986 and in 2000 were obtained. Taking Tongyu and Qian’an as examples, the natural driving forces and man-made driving forces were analyzed. The paper comes the conclusions that the material sources and the warming and dry climate are the internal causes of potential land desertification; the irrational human activities, such as destroying forest and reclaiming the grassland, are the external causes of potential land desertification; while more rational human activities, such as planting trees and restoring grassland can reverse the land desertification. Furthermore, the countermeasures and suggestions for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry in the western Jilin Province are put forward.

Zircon U-Pb Age of the Lamenzi Formation Volcanic Rocks in the Liuhe Basin of Southern Jilin Province, China

Objective A large number of Mesozoic volcano-sedimentary basins is distributed in southern Jilin Province,China,and filled with a great set of coal-bearing strata.According to the petroleum resources evaluation by previous researchers,these basins have decent exploration potential(Wang Dandan et al.,2017).The Liuhe Basin is one of the

The Interaction of Population,Industry and Land in Process of Urbanization in China:A Case Study in Jilin Province

Urbanization is a complex process that covers a wide range of topics, of which population, industry and land urbanization are three important aspects. Jilin Province is an important agricultural province in China. The contradiction between population, industry and land urbanization is especially prominent here, and its coupling development is of great practical significance. In this paper, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province in 1990, 2000 and 2010 is measured by coupling mode. The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is analyzed by trend surface analysis and global and local spatial autocorrelation. The influence factors and their spatial differentiation are discussed using multiple linear regression(MLR) model and geographic weighted regression(GWR) model. The results show that: 1) the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province is at a low level. Judging from the change of time scale, the urbanization of most research units is becoming more and more coordinated. From the comparison of spatial scales, there is significant spatial difference in the research units of different administrative levels. 2) Judging from the global change trend, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in the central region is higher than that in western and eastern regions. The coordination of urbanization in the central region is relatively good, and the distribution of the cold and hot spots is basically the same as that overall. 3) The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is related to the cold and hot spot distribution of the influence coefficient of urban population density and per capita urban construction land. The variation of the coupling degree spatial pattern is synchronous with the spatial change of the urban population density influence coefficient. 4) The degree of agglomeration of the urban population is the main factor promoting the coupling pattern of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province, and the extent of its influence is gradually increasing. In addition, the level of city administrative, the efficiency of urban expansion and the capacity of market consumption also have an important influence on the coupling pattern.

Present situation and prospects of forest ecological network in Jilin Province, China

This paper makes a brief introduction of the ecological environment, forestry achievements, and the existing questions of Jilin Province. The task of forest ecological network and eight questions demanding prompt solution were discussed based on the present situation of forestry in Jilin Province. The author also made prospects for future application of bio-technique, infor-mation technology, new material technology and nuisance-free forest health technology in forest ecological network.

Spatial-temporal Pattern Evolution of Manufacturing Geographical Agglomeration and Influencing Factors of Old Industrial Base:A Case of Jilin Province,China

The primary object of this paper is to examine the spatial-temporal pattern evolution of manufacturing geographical agglomeration of the old industrial base.Industrial spatial agglomeration index and concentration ratio are used in this paper.Multiple linear regression models are also applied to try to explore the internal driving mechanisms on manufacturing geographical agglomeration.The results show that:1) the manufacturing agglomeration degree of Jilin Province is increasing gradually.The spatial polarization structure is visible;and the central region is the agglomeration area,in addition,the manufacturing industries of Changchun Proper present a trend of dispersion;2) the structure of manufacturing industries has changed,and the concentration ratio of labor-intensive manufacturing industry is declining,while the proportions of technology-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing industry are relatively rising;3) marketing level,location accessibility,labor resources,capital,science and technology innovation capability,scale economy and the level of globalization affect manufacturing agglomeration with different degree.There are significant differences of the effects about employment,technology,the quality of residents and the export-oriented market on the industrial concentration ratio;4) in the future,the impact of policy and institution,export-oriented market and quality of resident on manufacturing geographical agglomeration pattern will be more profound.

Prevalence of High Non-high-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Associated Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Jilin Province,China:A Cross-sectional Study

Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases（CVDs）in patients with diabetes,and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（non-HDL-C）is a better predictor of CVDs than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）in patients with diabetes.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the distribution of non-HDL-C and the prevalence of high non-HDL-C level in Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus and identify the

RESPONSES OF WETLAND ECO SECURITY TO LAND USE CHANGE IN WESTERN JILIN PROVINCE, CHINA

By the use of the software of ARCGIS, dynamic changes of the landscape elements, landscape structure, conversion processes of the landscape gradients and the responses of wetland eco-security to land use/cover changes (LUCC) in the western Jilin Province were studied from 1930 to 2000. The results show that the landscape elements of grassland, wetland, forestland and water area shrank rapidly, and wetlands underwent huge losses in the study period due to the conversion from wetland into arable land and grassland in large quantities. The responses of wetland eco-security to LUCC were inverse evolvement of wetland vegetation, loss of biodiversity, water deficiency in wetland ecosystem, the changes of the heterogeneity of wetlands and the fragmentation of the wetland habitats. Suggestions were given for protection of wetlands and the regional sustainable development.

U-Pb dating and geochemistry of granite porphyry dykes in the Xicha gold-(silver)deposit,southern Jilin Province,China,and their metallogenic significance

We report U-Pb dating of zircon,as well as geochemical and Hf isotope data,in order to constrain the formation time,magma source,and tectonic setting of granite porphyry dykes in the Xicha gold-(silver)district in southern Jilin Province,Northeast China.The zircon grains are euhedral-subhedral,display oscillatory growth zoning and have Th/U ratios varying between 0.11 and 0.78,which together imply a magmatic origin.The dating results indicate the porphyry formed in the Early Cretaceous(122±1 Ma)and it contains SiO2=70.64-72.31 wt%,Al2O3-=13.99-14.64 wt%,K2O+Na2O=6.96-7.81 wt%K2O/Na2O=1.24-2.10,and A/CNK=1.11-1.41.Chemically,the porphyry belongs to a high-K calc-alkaline S-type granite.Chondrite-normalized rare earth elements(REE)patterns show LREE enrichment,light rare earth elements(LREE)/heavy rare earth elements(HREE)=9.93-11.97(La/Yb)N=11.08-15.16,and d Eu=0.69-0.95.On the trace element spider diagram,large ion lithophile elements such as Rb,Ba,K,Th,and U are enriched,whereas the high field strength elements Ti and P are depleted.The e Hf(t)values of zircon from the granite porphyry vary between-17.1 and-13.2,and their Hf two-stage model ages vary from 2.01 to 2.26 Ga,implying that the magma was derived from partial melting of old lower crust.The granite porphyry dykes and many A-type granites in the region formed at the same time,suggesting an extensiona environment.The combination of the occurrence of strong magmatism,large-scale mineralization,and extensiona tectonics throughout much of Eastern China indicate that the Early Cretaceous was a period of significant lithospheric thinning.The southern Jilin Province,therefore,experienced lithospheric thinning during the Early Cretaceous.

Biological Evaluation of Water Quality for Benthos in Typical Rivers of Eastern Jilin Province

Benthos are aquatic organisms living at the bottom of water bodies for all or most of their life history.Apart from the settled and moving living,their forms of habitat are mostly attached to the hard substrate like rocks or soft bases such as mud and sand.In addition,there are benthic species that attach to the plant surfaces or other benthic animals,and inhabit the intertidal zone.In terms of feeding methods,most benthic animals feed on suspended matter and sediment.Most of them are invertebrates and are a complex ecological group.According to the size,they can be divided into macrobenthos and meio-benthos[1].Benthos are an important part of the water ecosystem.Using a typical river(Gaya River)in eastern Jilin Province,this paper analyzed the water quality,the components of benthic organisms and their biological density through sampling surveys of three typical locations in the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Gaya River.In addition,it made a biological evaluation of the water quality of the Gaya River.

The First Vertebrate Assemblage Dominated by Fishes and Turtles of the Jehol Biota in Jilin Province, NE China

Objective The Early Cretaceous sediments are well-exposed in southern Jilin Province,and yield abundant invertebrate and plant fossils,including the typical EosestheriaEphemeropsis trisetalis-Lycoptera（E-E-L）assemblage of the Jehol Biota（Shao Tiequan et al.,2017）.However,vertebrate fossils,especially tetrapods,are extremely rare and there is no formal documents on these fossils.Recently,a new fossil site dominated by fishes and turtles has been discovered in the middle part of the

Geochronology,geochemistry and geodynamics implications of Middle Triassic garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranite in central Jilin Province

Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology and geochemical analyses are undertaken for the garnet-bear-ing muscovite monzogranite in Yitong area, central Jilin Province. The formation age and petrogenesis of the granite are determined, and the regional tectonic background is discussed. Zircons from the granite are euhe-dral-subhedral in shape, and display fine-scale oscillatory growth zoning, indicating a magmatie origin. LA- ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating result indicates that the garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranites formed in the mid-dle Triassic （243 Ma ）. The garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranites have high SiO2 （SiO2 = 74.1%- 76.49% ）, rich aluminum （A1203 = 14.47%-14.68% ） and alkali （ NazO ＋ K20 = 4.31%-7.9% ）, low Fe203T and MgO （MgO =0.1%-0. 13% , Fe203T =0.46%-1.02% ）. The ratio of CaO/Na20 is between 0.17--0. 21. The garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranites in Yitong region are relatively enriched in light rare earth elements （LREEs） and large ion lithophile elements （LILEs） , and depleted of heavy rare earth elements （HREEs） and high field strength elements （HFSEs）. They are characterized by high Sr and Ba, poor Rb and Y, and negative Eu abnormally （δEu =0.48-0.62） , with Rb/Sr 〈 1. The εHf（t） values and TDM2 of zircons range from ＋ 6. 10 to ＋ 8.00 and from 725 Ma to 814 Ma, respectively. The above features indicate that gar- net-bearing muscovite monzogranites in Yitong area were derived from partial melting of metasedimentary rock. These granites have high Sr/Y ratios, which suggest they formed in a thickened continental crust. Combined with the coeval granitic rocks in central Jilin Province, we suggested that a significant eollisional and thickening event took place during the Middle Triassic.

A New Basal Neoceratopsian Dinosaur from the Middle Cretaceous of Jilin Province,China

A new basal neoceratopsian dinosaur, Helioceratops brachygnathus gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Quantou Formation （late Early Cretaceous or early Late Cretaceous） in the Liufangzi locality （Jilin province, China）. Helioceratops differs from other basal neoceratopsians with its deep dentary ramus, its steeply-inclined ventral predentary facet, its heterogeneous dentary crowns, and by the denticles and secondary ridges asymmetrically distributed on either side of the primary ridge on its dentary teeth. Along with Auroraceratops and Yamaceratops, Helioceratops represents one of the most derived non-coronosaurian neoceratopsians. The palaeogeographical distribution of basal neoceratopsians appears limited to northern China and southern Mongolia in the current state of our knowledge. It is therefore probable that this region constituted the birthplace for more advanced, Late Cretaceous Coronosanria.