Rapid determination of Cl^- by light-absorption ratio variation approach using Cl^-eosin Y-Ag^＋ adsorptive precipitation

The adsorptive precipitation between eosin Y （EY） and AgCl colloids at pH 3.73 caused the sensitive color change of the solution. The reaction mechanism between EY and AgCl was analyzed and this reaction was used for determination of Cl^- in trace level by the light-absorption radio variation approach.

Monthly gravity field recovery from GRACE orbits and K-band measurements using variational equations approach

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment（GRACE） mission can significantly improve our knowledge of the temporal variability of the Earth＇s gravity field.We obtained monthly gravity field solutions based on variational equations approach from GPS-derived positions of GRACE satellites and K-band range-rate measurements.The impact of different fixed data weighting ratios in temporal gravity field recovery while combining the two types of data was investigated for the purpose of deriving the best combined solution.The monthly gravity field solution obtained through above procedures was named as the Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics（IGG） temporal gravity field models.IGG temporal gravity field models were compared with GRACE Release05（RL05） products in following aspects：（i） the trend of the mass anomaly in China and its nearby regions within 2005-2010; （ii） the root mean squares of the global mass anomaly during 2005-2010; （iii） time-series changes in the mean water storage in the region of the Amazon Basin and the Sahara Desert between 2005 and 2010.The results showed that IGG solutions were almost consistent with GRACE RL05 products in above aspects（i）-（iii）.Changes in the annual amplitude of mean water storage in the Amazon Basin were 14.7 ± 1.2 cm for IGG,17.1 ± 1.3 cm for the Centre for Space Research（CSR）,16.4 ± 0.9 cm for the GeoForschungsZentrum（GFZ） and 16.9 ± 1.2 cm for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory（JPL） in terms of equivalent water height（EWH）,respectively.The root mean squares of the mean mass anomaly in Sahara were 1.2 cm,0.9 cm,0.9 cm and 1.2 cm for temporal gravity field models of IGG,CSR,GFZ and JPL,respectively.Comparison suggested that IGG temporal gravity field solutions were at the same accuracy level with the latest temporal gravity field solutions published by CSR,GFZ and JPL.

Seismic ground motion variations resulting from site conditions

Amplification of seismic ground motions in the territory of Almaty city is evaluated by using different methods. The pattern and probable causes of ground motion variations in different engineering-geological conditions are characterized. An expeditious application of these techniques within a complex methodical approach for Almaty city microzonation is considered.

氯磺酚偶氮罗丹宁分光光度法测定天然水中痕量铜(Ⅱ)

在pH5.56的醋酸盐缓冲溶液中,Cu(Ⅱ)和氯磺酚偶氮罗丹宁(SCPA)生成二元配合物Cu(SCPA)2,利用光谱修正技术表征配合物的分子结构。选择吸收光谱峰谷波长530nm和418nm为工作波长,测定显色溶液及空白溶液的吸光度A530nm,A418nm及A5030nm,A4018nm。计算光吸收比差值(ΔAr)。当Cu(Ⅱ)浓度在0.200μg/mL以内与ΔAr值之间呈线性关系,方法检出限为2ng/mL,有利于直接监测天然水。本实验已测定了黄浦江、长江、太湖水样中的痕量Cu(Ⅱ),结果与电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法的测定结果相符,方法回收率在97.0%—103.5%之间。

光吸收比差-连续流动分析组合技术测定痕量铝

在pH 5.66醋酸-醋酸盐缓冲溶液中,Al（Ⅲ）和间磺酸基偶氮氯膦（MSCPA）发生灵敏配位反应。为使Al（Ⅲ）完全反应而过量加入的MSCPA会影响Al-MSCPA配合物吸光值的准确测定。传统光度法无法解决这个问题。在本工作中,光谱修正技术的应用消除了上述干扰,在此537和618 nm被选定为工作波长。结果表明,络合物组成比为Al∶MSCPA=1∶1。新近建立的光吸收比差法（LARVA）被用于测定痕量Al（Ⅲ）,灵敏度可比传统光度法提高10倍以上。Al在0-0.150μg.mL^-1范围内光吸收比差值ΔAr与Al（Ⅲ）浓度成正比,Al（Ⅲ）的检测限仅2μg·L^-1。多种金属离子对测定无干扰,Fe（Ⅲ）和Cr（Ⅲ）的干扰可加入硫脲溶液进行掩蔽。由于配位反应在2 min内即可完成且配合物溶液的吸光度至少能稳定1 h,因此连续流动分析（CFA）被应用,与LARVA组合大大提高了分析效率。结果表明Al（Ⅲ）的检测限为6.5μg·L^-1，每小时大约能分析30个样品。本工作已测定了两种化学试剂中痕量铝,回收率在97.6%-103.5%之间,测定结果满意。

四氯四溴荧光素-Cl^--Ag^+沉淀吸附反应-光吸收比差法测定痕量氯离子

四氯四溴荧光素(TBTCF)能够与氯化银胶体在pH 4.33时发生灵敏的沉淀吸附反应,根据该反应颜色变化,应用光吸收比差法建立了痕量氯离子测定的新方法。实验表明盐度和温度对反应体系影响不明显。Cl-浓度在0.09~9.0 mg/L范围与光吸收比差(△Ar)呈线性关系,方法检出限为0.03μg/mL。通过对三种地面水体Cl-的分析,加标回收率为96.2%~104%,测定结果与离子色谱法相吻合。该方法具有成本低、选择性好、灵敏度高等特点,适用于现场在线检测以及海水、高温水体中氯离子的直接定量测定。