The pollination methods and embryo rescue techniques of hybridization between I.ilium Oriental hybrids were studied in this paper. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） in the combination of ＇ Justina＇ x ＇ Shala＇, po...The pollination methods and embryo rescue techniques of hybridization between I.ilium Oriental hybrids were studied in this paper. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） in the combination of ＇ Justina＇ x ＇ Shala＇, pollen tubes were observed to grow downward in styles and target to ovules in ovaries when normal sti^na 13o1- lination method was used; pollen tubes were found to grow directionless to a different degree at stylar cuts and in ovaries when cut-style pollination method was used; the longer the styles were left, the more pollen tubes toward to ovules were observed and more plump seeds were produced; the maximum plump seeds were obtained via normal stigma pollination. （2） Hybridization experiments were performed for the 56 combinations of Lilium Oriental hybrids with normal stigma pollina- tion, and one combination generated no plump ovule and three combinations generated fewer than 10 plump ovules while the other 52 combinations generated plenty of plump ovules, which preliminarily indicated that normal stigma pollination method could be used as an universal pollination technique for hybridization between Lilium Oriental hybrids. The experiment results of different embryo rescue techniques showed that using cut-ovule inoculation about 70 d after pollination had a fas- ter germination speed and a higher germination rate of hybrid embryo than normal ovule inoculation, and embryo rescue efficiency of the former method was obviously higher than ＂embryo isolated inoculation＂ on 40 d after pollination. The research suggested that ＂cut-ovule inoculation＂ about 70 d after pollination could be regarded as an universal embryo rescue technique for hybridization between Lilium Oriental hybrids.展开更多
The objective of our study was to lay a foundation for the effect of flower flagrance on human emotions and to provide a theory for the choice of indoor plants and the improvement of the olfactory environment. Specifi...The objective of our study was to lay a foundation for the effect of flower flagrance on human emotions and to provide a theory for the choice of indoor plants and the improvement of the olfactory environment. Specifically, our purpose was to study human physiological responses to flower fragrance of Lilium ＇Siberia＇ and Rosa ＇Escimo＇. The participants were 31 college students. Blood pressure, pulse rate, finger temperature （FT） and galvanic skin response （GSR） were measured. The results show that the fragrance of Rosa ＇Escimo＇ causes the diastolic pressure and pulse rate of the participants to reduce significantly. The average decrease was 0.37 kPa and 2.23 beats per minute, which indicates that sympathetic nervous activity increases, physiological arousal decreases and emotional alleviation occurs. Furthermore, the GSR of participants significantly increased by smelling the fragrance of Lilium ＇Siberia＇, indicating that both sympathetic nervous activity and physiological arousal increased. But the data could not prove that flower fragrance stimulation has an effect on changes in systolic pressure and finger temperature. Some other factors, such as basic emotion and weather, may have an effect.展开更多
The present study was to test the hypothesis that the plant growth retardants chlorocholine chloride(CCC) and paclobutrazol(PBZ)could improve the carbohydrate accumulation in lily bulbs by enhancing photosynthetic cap...The present study was to test the hypothesis that the plant growth retardants chlorocholine chloride(CCC) and paclobutrazol(PBZ)could improve the carbohydrate accumulation in lily bulbs by enhancing photosynthetic capacity and changing endogenous hormones.Plants of Lilium Oriental hybrids'Sorbonne'were treated with a foliar spray of CCC or PBZ(both at 300 mg/L)solution,at six weeks after planting(6 WAP).The morphological parameters,endogenous hormone contents(gibberellic acid(GA),abscisic acid(ABA),and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)),and carbohydrate contents were measured from 6 to 18 WAP,at 2-week intervals.The results showed that CCC increased the biomass of leaves and stems which might produce more photoassimilates available for transportation and utilization.However,PBZ treatment suppressed vegetative growth and favored photoassimilate transportation into bulbs.A slight delay of bud and anthesis formation was observed in both treated plants.CCC and PBZ treatments substantially enhanced the sucrose contents in leaves probably due to the increase of chlorophyll contents.Treatment with CCC or PBZ decreased GA but increased IAA contents in lily bulbs which might stimulate starch accumulation and formation of new scales.Our experiment suggested that CCC or PBZ treatment is an effective method to promote carbohydrate accumulation in lily bulbs.展开更多
To understand the ecophysiological adapta-tion of Lilium"Oriental Hybrids",which are grown for their commercial bulbs,the gas exchange,leaf N and chlorophyll content of the three varieties were investigated ...To understand the ecophysiological adapta-tion of Lilium"Oriental Hybrids",which are grown for their commercial bulbs,the gas exchange,leaf N and chlorophyll content of the three varieties were investigated in the central areas of the Yunnan Province.Among the three varieties,light-saturated photosynthetic rate at ambient CO_(2)(Amax)of Tiber was the highest,while that of Siberia was the lowest.The difference in the Amax was related to the carboxylation efficiency(CE),leaf mass per unit area and leaf N content per mass,which indicated that their photosynthetic capacity was influenced by the activity and/or the quantity of Rubisco.The three vari-eties had lower photosynthetic saturation points and pho-tosynthetic compensation points,but the photosynthetic rates were not decreased up to 2000 μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) of the light intensity.This indicates that the three varieties had broad adaptability to light intensity.There were signifi-cant differences in the photosyn thetic optimum temper-ature among the three varieties.Siberia had the highest photosynthetic optimum temperature(25.5℃-34.9℃),and is likely to grow well in warm areas.Sorbonne had the lowest photosynthetic optimum temperature(19.3℃-25.6℃),and its growth is favored in cool areas.Tiber can maintain a high photosynthetic rate within a wide range of temperature.Therefore,Tiber is the most suitable variety for the climate in the central areas of the Yunn an Province,China.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(6122004)Project of Science and Technology Innovation of Beijing(PXM2013-014207-000051,PXM2014-014207-000018)+2 种基金Science and Technology Promotion Project of Beijing(PXM2013-014207-000079,PXM2014-014207-000081)Project of Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment(PXM2015-014207-000014)Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and TeacherCareer Development for Universities and Colleges under Beijing Municipality(IDHT20150503)
文摘The pollination methods and embryo rescue techniques of hybridization between I.ilium Oriental hybrids were studied in this paper. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） in the combination of ＇ Justina＇ x ＇ Shala＇, pollen tubes were observed to grow downward in styles and target to ovules in ovaries when normal sti^na 13o1- lination method was used; pollen tubes were found to grow directionless to a different degree at stylar cuts and in ovaries when cut-style pollination method was used; the longer the styles were left, the more pollen tubes toward to ovules were observed and more plump seeds were produced; the maximum plump seeds were obtained via normal stigma pollination. （2） Hybridization experiments were performed for the 56 combinations of Lilium Oriental hybrids with normal stigma pollina- tion, and one combination generated no plump ovule and three combinations generated fewer than 10 plump ovules while the other 52 combinations generated plenty of plump ovules, which preliminarily indicated that normal stigma pollination method could be used as an universal pollination technique for hybridization between Lilium Oriental hybrids. The experiment results of different embryo rescue techniques showed that using cut-ovule inoculation about 70 d after pollination had a fas- ter germination speed and a higher germination rate of hybrid embryo than normal ovule inoculation, and embryo rescue efficiency of the former method was obviously higher than ＂embryo isolated inoculation＂ on 40 d after pollination. The research suggested that ＂cut-ovule inoculation＂ about 70 d after pollination could be regarded as an universal embryo rescue technique for hybridization between Lilium Oriental hybrids.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of China (2006BAD07B09)
文摘The objective of our study was to lay a foundation for the effect of flower flagrance on human emotions and to provide a theory for the choice of indoor plants and the improvement of the olfactory environment. Specifically, our purpose was to study human physiological responses to flower fragrance of Lilium ＇Siberia＇ and Rosa ＇Escimo＇. The participants were 31 college students. Blood pressure, pulse rate, finger temperature （FT） and galvanic skin response （GSR） were measured. The results show that the fragrance of Rosa ＇Escimo＇ causes the diastolic pressure and pulse rate of the participants to reduce significantly. The average decrease was 0.37 kPa and 2.23 beats per minute, which indicates that sympathetic nervous activity increases, physiological arousal decreases and emotional alleviation occurs. Furthermore, the GSR of participants significantly increased by smelling the fragrance of Lilium ＇Siberia＇, indicating that both sympathetic nervous activity and physiological arousal increased. But the data could not prove that flower fragrance stimulation has an effect on changes in systolic pressure and finger temperature. Some other factors, such as basic emotion and weather, may have an effect.
文摘The present study was to test the hypothesis that the plant growth retardants chlorocholine chloride(CCC) and paclobutrazol(PBZ)could improve the carbohydrate accumulation in lily bulbs by enhancing photosynthetic capacity and changing endogenous hormones.Plants of Lilium Oriental hybrids'Sorbonne'were treated with a foliar spray of CCC or PBZ(both at 300 mg/L)solution,at six weeks after planting(6 WAP).The morphological parameters,endogenous hormone contents(gibberellic acid(GA),abscisic acid(ABA),and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)),and carbohydrate contents were measured from 6 to 18 WAP,at 2-week intervals.The results showed that CCC increased the biomass of leaves and stems which might produce more photoassimilates available for transportation and utilization.However,PBZ treatment suppressed vegetative growth and favored photoassimilate transportation into bulbs.A slight delay of bud and anthesis formation was observed in both treated plants.CCC and PBZ treatments substantially enhanced the sucrose contents in leaves probably due to the increase of chlorophyll contents.Treatment with CCC or PBZ decreased GA but increased IAA contents in lily bulbs which might stimulate starch accumulation and formation of new scales.Our experiment suggested that CCC or PBZ treatment is an effective method to promote carbohydrate accumulation in lily bulbs.
文摘To understand the ecophysiological adapta-tion of Lilium"Oriental Hybrids",which are grown for their commercial bulbs,the gas exchange,leaf N and chlorophyll content of the three varieties were investigated in the central areas of the Yunnan Province.Among the three varieties,light-saturated photosynthetic rate at ambient CO_(2)(Amax)of Tiber was the highest,while that of Siberia was the lowest.The difference in the Amax was related to the carboxylation efficiency(CE),leaf mass per unit area and leaf N content per mass,which indicated that their photosynthetic capacity was influenced by the activity and/or the quantity of Rubisco.The three vari-eties had lower photosynthetic saturation points and pho-tosynthetic compensation points,but the photosynthetic rates were not decreased up to 2000 μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) of the light intensity.This indicates that the three varieties had broad adaptability to light intensity.There were signifi-cant differences in the photosyn thetic optimum temper-ature among the three varieties.Siberia had the highest photosynthetic optimum temperature(25.5℃-34.9℃),and is likely to grow well in warm areas.Sorbonne had the lowest photosynthetic optimum temperature(19.3℃-25.6℃),and its growth is favored in cool areas.Tiber can maintain a high photosynthetic rate within a wide range of temperature.Therefore,Tiber is the most suitable variety for the climate in the central areas of the Yunn an Province,China.
基金The Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and Teacher Career Development for Universities and Colleges under Beijing Municipality(No.IDHT20150503)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31071817)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(No.PM2014014207)Building Project of Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment(No.PXM2015-014207-000014)~~
