Lateral earth pressure of granular backfills on retaining walls with expanded polystyrene geofoam inclusions under limited surcharge loading

Existing studies have focused on the behavior of the retaining wall equipped with expanded polystyrene(EPS)geofoam inclusions under semi-infinite surcharge loading rather than limited surcharge loading.In this paper,the failure mode and the earth pressure acting on the rigid retaining wall with EPS geofoam inclusions and granular backfills(henceforth referred to as EPS-wall),under limited surcharge loading are investigated through two-and three-dimensional model tests.The testing results show that different from the sliding of almost all the backfill in the EPS-wall under semi-infinite surcharge loading,only an approximately triangular backfill slides in the wall under limited surcharge loading.The distribution of the lateral earth pressure on the EPS-wall under limited surcharge loading is non-linear,and the distribution changes from the increase of the wall depth to the decrease with the increase of the limited surcharge loading.An approach based on the force equilibrium of a differential element is developed to predict the lateral earth pressure behind the EPS-wall subjected to limited surcharge loading,and its performance was fully validated by the three-dimensional model tests.

A Stroke-Limitation AMD Control System with Variable Gain and Limited Area for High-Rise Buildings

Collisions between a moving mass and an anti-collision device increase structural responses and threaten structural safety.An active mass damper(AMD)with stroke limitations is often used to avoid collisions.However,a strokelimited AMD control system with a fixed limited area shortens the available AMD stroke and leads to significant control power.To solve this problem,the design approach with variable gain and limited area(VGLA)is proposed in this study.First,the boundary of variable-limited areas is calculated based on the real-time status of the moving mass.The variable gain(VG)expression at the variable limited area is deduced by considering the saturation of AMD stroke.Then,numerical simulations of a stroke-limited AMD control system with VGLA are conducted on a high-rise building structure.These numerical simulations show that the proposed approach has superior strokelimitation performance compared with a stroke-limited AMD control system with a fixed limited area.Finally,the proposed approach is validated through experiments on a four-story steel frame.

Exploring device physics of perovskite solar cell via machine learning with limited samples

Perovskite solar cells(PsCs)have developed tremendously over the past decade.However,the key factors influencing the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of PSCs remain incompletely understood,due to the complexity and coupling of these structural and compositional parameters.In this research,we demon-strate an effective approach to optimize PSCs performance via machine learning(ML).To address chal-lenges posed by limited samples,we propose a feature mask(FM)method,which augments training samples through feature transformation rather than synthetic data.Using this approach,squeeze-and-excitation residual network(SEResNet)model achieves an accuracy with a root-mean-square-error(RMSE)of 0.833%and a Pearson's correlation coefficient(r)of 0.980.Furthermore,we employ the permu-tation importance(PI)algorithm to investigate key features for PCE.Subsequently,we predict PCE through high-throughput screenings,in which we study the relationship between PCE and chemical com-positions.After that,we conduct experiments to validate the consistency between predicted results by ML and experimental results.In this work,ML demonstrates the capability to predict device performance,extract key parameters from complex systems,and accelerate the transition from laboratory findings to commercialapplications.

TENCEL^(TM)forges key partnerships to better the future of the textile industry

Under Lenzing’s on-going commitment to drive the adoption of responsible practices and circularity,the TENCEL^(TM)brand continues to participate in various initiatives with like-minded groups and organizations.These strategic partnerships help toward achieving this goal,further amplifying the reach of this important message among the textile supply chain and fashion community.

The Effectiveness of Partnership in Talent Training Between Industry and Higher Vocational Colleges in China

This paper is based on the partnership between China’s higher vocational colleges and industry, and obtains a large number of data on industry-college partnerships through case analysis, interviews and questionnaires. This paper analyzes the main factors that affect industry-college partnerships and the current problems and challenges, then puts forward the solutions.

Leaf nitrogen resorption is more important than litter nitrogen mineralization in mediating the diversity–productivity relationship along a nitrogen-limited temperate forest succession chronosequence

The resorption of nutrients by plants before litter fall and the mineralization of nutrients from plant litter by soil processes are both important pathways supporting primary productivity. While the positive relationship between plant biodiversity and primary productivity is widely accepted for natural ecosystems, the roles of nutrient resorption and mineralization in mediating that relationship remains largely unknown. Here, we quantified the relative importance of nitrogen(N) resorption and N mineralization in driving plant community N investment and the correlation between species diversity and community productivity along an N-limited successional chronosequence of the mixed broadleaved–Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) forest in northeastern China. Leaf N resorption efficiency(NRE) at the community level increased significantly along the successional chronosequence,whereas litter N mineralization rate decreased significantly. Leaf NRE was more important than litter N mineralization rate in driving the diversity–productivity relationship. However, higher leaf NRE led to less N mineralization as succession progressed along the chronosequence. Our results highlight the importance of the N resorption pathway rather than the N mineralization pathway for forest N acquisition with community succession,and they provide mechanistic insights into the positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. In future forest management practices, we recommend appropriate application of N fertilizer to mitigate the adverse effects of N-poor soil on seedling regeneration during late succession and thus maintain the sustainable development of temperate forest ecosystems.

Exclusive Fibula Osteosynthesis for Treating Open Fractures Gustillo I-III B of the Distal Half of the Leg Bones in a Resources-Limited Setting

Introduction: Management of open leg bones fractures is a challenging health issue for the surgeon, particularly true in resource-limited settings. In this study, we evaluate exclusive fibular osteosynthesis in the treatment of open fractures of the distal half of the leg bones as a therapeutic option in our context. Methods: This is a prospective, experimental, multicenter study of 30 open fractures of the distal half of the leg bones treated with exclusive fibula osteosynthesis, conducted in 3 hospitals in the DRC from January 1, 2013 to September 30, 2016. Results: The age range of 20 to 40 years grouped 22 (73.4%) patients, the sex ratio was 1:1 and the unemployed were the most involved with 16 (53.3%) cases. The Gustilo II, I, III B and III A types represented 40%, 33.3%, 20% and 6.7%, respectively. The fractures were located in the distal third in 12 (40%) cases, in the middle third in 11 (36.7%) cases, and in both malleoli in 7 cases (23.3%). Osteosynthesis of the fibula by screw plate was applied in 22 (73.3%) patients and pinning in 8 (26.7%). Satisfactory reduction of the tibial fracture site was achieved in 29 (96.7%) cases and 100% bone healing was achieved within an average of 10 weeks. Four (13.3%) loss of alignment, 1 (3.3%) infection, 1 (3.3%) skin necrosis and 2 (6.7%) ankle stiffness complicated our fractures. Conclusion: Exclusive osteosynthesis of the fibula as a common technique for fractures of the distal half of the leg bones allowed us to reduce, immobilize and consolidate the tibial fracture in the required time and to preserve the mobility of the ankle.

Access to novel anti-diabetic agents in resource limited settings:A brief commentary

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing in resource limited settings.Simultaneously,there has been an increase in the number of novel therapies for the management of diabetes mellitus.However,use of novel antidiabetic therapies is limited because of major market access challenges in resource limited settings.Niching products to those patients with the highest absolute risk for major adverse cardiovascular outcomes,and thus most likely to benefit from the therapy,are less likely to have negative budget impact for funders.To improve access,and reduce morbidity and mortality,requires alignment amongst key stakeholders including patient advocacy groups,health care professional councils,national departments of health,the pharmaceutical industry,treasury and finance departments.

Curriculum Reform of“Woven Fabric Structure Design and Application”in Higher Vocational College Based on Industry-College Partnerships

The curriculum“Woven Fabric Structure Design and Application”is the core curriculum of textile majors in higher vocational colleges,which plays a very important role in the cultivation of students’vocational ability and professional quality.The curriculum reform of“Woven Fabric Structure Design and Application”through the deep cooperation of industry-college partnerships,the comprehensive analysis of the major training objectives and graduation requirements,the redesign of the curriculum teaching content,the improvement of the teaching method and the examination method,has achieved good results.

家蚕素斑品种菁松的茶斑限性定向转育

为在家蚕现行素斑品种菁松的幼虫发育早期进行雌雄性别鉴别,实现雌雄分养分缫差异化利用目的,用普斑限性品系云蚕7A的雌与茶斑品系Cb的雄杂交后,再分别与现行素斑品系菁松A、菁松B杂交,其后代连续数次回交素斑亲本后自交,结合分类选择进行个体和蛾区选择淘汰,将云蚕7A的普斑限性基因和Cb的茶斑基因转入现行素斑品种菁松中,定向转育得到菁A茶限和菁B茶限。结果表明:转育过程中,幼虫斑纹分化成颜色与形状易于分辨的茶斑与非茶斑2种类型,转育得到的菁A茶限和菁B茶限幼虫在3龄初期就会呈现茶斑颜色深浅明显不同的分化,能准确分辨雌雄,其虫蛹率分别为96.91%和96.40%,全茧量分别为1.62 g和1.56 g,茧层率分别为23.78%和23.26%,经济性状与其轮回亲本的差异较小,表现出健康好养、茧质优良等特性。研究结果可为创建特殊性状的育种材料、差异化利用雌雄蚕,以及降低雄蚕种繁育成本奠定基础。

平台经济领域强化反垄断的正当性与合理限度

近些年来,国内外在平台经济领域开展了声势浩大的反垄断行动,尤其是欧盟出台的《数字市场法》和我国强调“强化反垄断和防止资本无序扩张”备受关注。基于平台经济竞争的鲜明特点和数字平台对经济社会的巨大影响,强化平台经济领域的反垄断有其理论上的正当性和现实的必要性。与此同时,平台经济创新发展的内在要求又决定了在平台经济领域的反垄断有其合理的边界和必要的限度。美国和欧盟等在平台经济领域反垄断上的差异性反映了国际竞争的现实情况,我国需要从国家利益最大化角度出发对平台经济领域反垄断策略做出理性选择,以促进我国平台经济规范健康持续发展。

基于光储混合配置的级联H桥型光伏逆变器功率平衡策略

级联H桥(cascade H-bridge,CHB)变换器由于其模块化结构,已成为大规模光伏(photovoltaic,PV)并网逆变器的优选方案。然而,在不同光照强度和温度下,不同区域PV组件之间发电功率不同,导致CHB变换器相间输出功率不均衡、不稳定等问题。为此,文中提出一种基于CHB结构的光储混合电能路由,在三相CHB光伏逆变器中配置少量的储能模块,利用光储协同控制,维持CHB内部功率稳定,消除分布式PV在相间产生的不均衡功率,且变换器输出功率能够时刻满足网侧上层功率调度,提高了光伏电站的稳定性。针对系统安全区域,在载波移相调制策略下,全桥子模块传输的功率受到约束,并对光伏和储能模块的配置作详细分析。最后,通过仿真以及实验验证所提拓扑及控制策略的正确性和有效性。

大学生就业能力培养中高校的“有限责任”

培养大学生就业能力是高等教育的本职所在、应有之义,是高校的主责主业之一,但就业能力培养参与主体多元、影响因素众多,不能任意放大单一主体的责任,亟须在高校、政府、雇主、学生个体等利益相关者之间建立明确的责任分担机制。高校在大学生就业能力培养方面客观存在权力有限性、能力有限性与资源有限性,应针对性进行责任的纵向和横向配置,建立基于时间和基于范畴的有限责任,明确大学生就业能力培养中高校的责任边界,有效区分高校在大学生就业能力培养内容产品提供方面的主导责任、个人与自我方面的引导责任以及服务与机会方面的支持责任。

明清徽商资本组织的转化

资本组织转化是明清商业经营中的普遍现象,徽商也不例外。明清徽商资本组织转化类型分为独资转化为合伙、合伙转化为独资和旧合伙转化为新合伙三种。不同商业中,资本组织转化类型既有单一的,也有多种的。分家、入伙、退伙、拆伙、转卖和重组是资本组织转化的主要方式,人员变故、资本不足和经营不善是资本组织转化的主要原因。资本组织转化是徽商应对经营危机的措施之一,增资增效为资本组织转化的目的所在。资本组织与所有权及所有制相关联,通过包括资本组织转化在内的所有制改革,是改善企业经营不良的重要途径。

石灰石露天矿高陡边坡稳定性计算分析

以西南某石灰石矿高陡边坡为研究对象,根据矿山边坡现状、边坡岩体结构和结构面发育特征因素对“现状边坡”和“终了边坡”进行地质分区,通过岩石室内物理力学试验获得坡体岩石物理力学参数,采用GSI法计算边坡岩体内摩擦角、粘聚力、变形模量和泊松比等参数,评估边坡地质强度特性,采用Morgenstern-Price极限平衡法分三种荷载工况分别计算“现状边坡”和“终了边坡”各分区稳定性系数。经分析,该石灰石矿各地质分区“现状边坡”和“终了边坡”稳定性好,采场边坡参数设计合理,可为矿山扩产安全设施设计和安全生产提供参考。

并网逆变器非线性特性建模及稳定性研究综述

并网逆变器作为连接新能源分布式发电和电网之间的关键接口,发挥着将电能高效、高质量馈入电网的重要作用。随着新能源渗透率的持续提高,并网点处电网存在诸如高电网阻抗、丰富的低频谐波、电压幅值/频率波动甚至故障等复杂状况。鉴于并网逆变器本质上是一个多输入、强耦合的非线性系统,沿用传统的线性建模与分析方法已难以解释工程中的复杂谐波振荡现象,并网逆变器的稳定性分析及其稳定运行受到巨大挑战。为此,该文首先具体阐述了线性与非线性和系统受扰大小之间的关系,指出大干扰稳定性分析更依赖于非线性建模及分析方法的应用。在此基础上,对已见诸报道的并网逆变器稳定性分析方法进行了归纳和对比。然后,详细阐述了稳定性分析方法在并网逆变器特定非线性环节中的应用。最后,总结并讨论了现有研究的不足,以期进一步促进“双高”背景下并网装置非线性建模和稳定性分析的研究。

大截面矩形顶管施工对既有管线影响研究

顶管施工会扰动邻近建筑物,危及工程安全。该文以苏州市城北路综合管廊元和塘段顶管工程为背景,通过ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立三维模型,研究顶管下穿地下管线施工对管周土及既有管线影响,并基于极限分析方法探讨了管线失稳模式。结果表明:大直径矩形顶管顶进方向的影响范围约为2倍顶管宽度,两侧的影响范围约为1倍顶管宽度,地下管线到顶管轴线的水平距离为0.5倍~1倍顶管宽度时,应注意管线受到的水平方向附加荷载是否会导致管线破坏;管线与顶管相对位置对管线破坏影响较为显著,越靠近顶管的管线破坏越严重,滑移线由顶管两侧经由管线向地面发展,破坏部位由管线顶部两侧延伸至底部;除受与顶管相对位置影响外,管线破坏模式还受矩形顶管形状影响,管线顶部及靠近顶管顶角区域破坏风险最大。

土性对工程泥浆固化强度影响规律及微观机理

本文开展了一系列不同液限高分子吸水树脂固化工程泥浆无侧限抗压强度试验,探讨了泥浆土液限对固化效率的影响规律,对比研究了掺入高岭土对泥浆固化强度的改进程度,最后基于XRD和SEM试验揭示了液限和高岭土对固化泥浆强度影响的微观机理。结果表明:随着泥浆土液限的增大,固化泥浆土强度逐渐降低,固化效率随着泥浆土液限增大显著衰减,当液限增加10%,固化泥浆土强度qu平均减少48.2%。然而高岭土的掺入则显著提升了固化泥浆土的强度,并且强度增长率随着龄期逐渐增大,对于龄期为90天时,增加40%高岭土能够提升固化泥浆土强度qu 1.17倍。微观结构试验表明泥浆土液限变化对水化产物产量的影响较小,固化泥浆土强度随泥浆土液限减小主要是由于固化泥浆土孔隙随着泥浆土液限增大而增多,使得微观结构松散从而导致强度降低。高岭土的掺入则显著提升了固化泥浆土的水化产物产量,增强了固化泥浆土胶结强度,从而提升了固化泥浆土强度。因此,在实际工程中,一方面可以通过调配泥浆土液限来提高固化效率;另一方面可以通过掺入高岭土或者一些高岭土基废弃物(如高岭土尾矿)来提高固化强度,实现“以废制废”绿色环保的理念。

有限责任公司“人”的特征重构--基于人合性的反思

人合性是被我国公司法理论和实务界广泛认可的有限责任公司特征。“人合性”三字虽未明确入法,但是我国《公司法》在1993年制定之初即创设了相关制度,三十年来对人合性的肯定立场没有根本改变,2023年新《公司法》赓续传统,未有突破。在有限公司股东资格认定、股权转让等司法实务中,人合性已经成为司法审判的依据,影响深远。观诸英美法系和大陆法系国家,并无将有限公司列为人合性公司的立法例,而我国公司法上对人合性制度的立法论和解释论皆付诸阙如。实则,有限公司并无先验的所谓人合性特征,其应为契约性和法人实体的二合一。将来《公司法》再修订,应彻底废除有限公司人合性及其制度。

东洞庭湖洪水前后典型湿地植物化学计量特征动态变化

洪水对湿地土壤-植被系统养分循环有重要影响。本研究以东洞庭湖湿地典型植物短尖苔草(Carex brevicuspis)和南荻(Triarrhena lutarioriparia)为研究对象,于2018年洪水期前后(5月、10月)测定短尖苔草和南荻生长特征、生态化学计量特征及土壤理化性质,并对化学计量学特征与环境特征的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:南荻植株的生物量和密度洪水前显著高于洪水后,短尖苔草生物量和密度洪水前后都没有显著差异;短尖苔草、南荻叶片有机碳(SOC)洪水后显著高于洪水前;短尖苔草叶片全氮(TN)洪水前显著低于洪水后;南荻叶片TN、全磷(TP)洪水前显著高于洪水后;短尖苔草叶片TP洪水前后没有显著差异。短尖苔草叶片C∶N、C∶P、N∶P洪水前后均无显著差异,南荻叶片C∶N、C∶P洪水前显著低于洪水后,但N∶P洪水前后无显著差异。东洞庭湖短尖苔草、南荻叶片N∶P<14,东洞庭湖短尖苔草、南荻生长更多的受N限制,洪水前后都与土壤N、P含量无显著相关性。本研究结果对阐明洪水对湿地植物化学计量特征的影响有重要意义。