ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROPAGATION OF INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS AND THEIR OBSERVED ASSOCIATION WITH TROPICAL SYNOPTIC WAVES IN THE ASIAN-WESTERN PACIFIC REGION IN BOREAL SUMMER

Using the daily average outgoing longwave radiation and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in boreal summer(Mays to Octobers)from 1979 to 2007,the propagating characteristics of convection intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs)in the Asian-western Pacific(AWP)region and the relationship between tropical synoptic waves and ISOs are examined by means of finite-domain wavenumber-frequency energy spectrum analysis and lagged linear regression technique.The results are shown as follows.(1)The AWP ISOs propagate both eastward and westward,showing seasonality and regionality.The ISOs propagate eastward with a period of 30 to 60 days over equatorial regions in the whole AWP region,while the westward propagation occurs over 10 to 20°N western Pacific or in the late summers(August,September and October) with periods of 20 to 40 days.The ISOs eastward propagation mainly occurs in primary summers while the westward propagation enhances in late summers.(2)Deep ISO convections associate with westerly and cyclonic circulation anomalies that first form in the Indian Ocean,propagate eastward to the dateline in the Pacific and then turn northwestward.The ISOs convections show northwestward propagating characteristics in the western North Pacific.(3)The ISOs link with the tropical synoptic waves closely.Both convection signals,though with different spatio-temporal scale,enhance simutaneously in the northwestern Pacific,and the ISOs facilitate the forming of a cluster of tropical cyclones(TCs),while a cluster of TCs convection becomes one portion of the northwestward ISOs.

Correlation of Critical Micelle Concentration of Sodium Alkyl Benzenesulfonates with MolecularDescriptors

The hydrophobic-hydrophilic segment geometries of 36 sodium alkyl benzenesulfonates were fully optimized and calculated by abinitio RHF/6-31G（d）, quantum chemical data such as the charge density, the energy of molecular orbital and the dipole moment were obtained. Based on two topological descriptors and one quantum chemical descriptor, a significant quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model for the critical micelle concentration （Cmc） of sodium alkyl benzenesulfonate surfactants was obtained by using the multiple linear regression technique. The good correlation coefficient of Re （0. 980） and cross-validation correlation coefficient Rcv^2 （0. 974） indicate the excellent capability and stability of the regression equation developed. In addition, linear relationships between logarithm of Cmc and the dipole moment of surfaetant hydrophobic hydrophilic segments for each homologous series have also been established with high correlation coefficient.

Analytical study of friction coefficients of pomegranate seed as essential parameters in design of post-harvest equipment

Friction coefficients(static friction coefficient(SFC)and dynamic friction coefficient(DFC))of pomegranate seed on different structural surfaces(glass,aluminum,plywood,galvanized steel and rubber)as affected by moisture content(4-21.9%(d.b.))and sliding velocity(1.4-16(cm/s))were investigated.Analysis of variance(ANOVA)was performed to determine the effect of main treatments and their interactions on SFC and DFC.Significance of single or multiple effect of the main treatments with five levels was assessed using Duncan’s multiple range test(DMRT).To predict SFC and DFC,multiple linear regression(MLR)modeling technique was applied for each type of structural surface.The goodness of fit of each MLR model was evaluated using statistical parameters:coefficient of determination,root mean square error and mean relative deviation modulus.Results showed that the minimum and maximum SFC or DFC were in minimum and maximum moisture content on glass and rubber surface,respectively.ANOVA table indicated the significant effect of main treatments and their interactions on SFC and DFC at significance level of 1%(P<0.01).According to DMRT results,SFC linearly increased as moisture content increased and DFC increased also linearly as individual or simultaneous increment of moisture content and sliding velocity occurred,for all experimental conditions.According to the obtained statistical parameters,both SFC and DFC were properly predicted by means of MLR modeling technique.