Study on Optimization of Culture Conditions for Wild Isaria cicadae Miquel Liquid Strain

[Objectives] To study the effect of different culture conditions on the growth of wild I. cicadae Miq. liquid strain. [Methods]The I. cicadae Miq. strain was inoculated into the liquid culture medium with different carbon sources,nitrogen sources,micronutrients and p H,cultured in the constant temperature shaking incubator with rotating speed of 120 r/min at 19℃,and the mycelium pellet diameter,density and weight were compared between different treatments. [Results] The results showed that the optimum components of I. cicadae Miq.strain liquid included soluble starch,milk powder and vitamin B_(12),and the optimum p H was 5. 0-6. 0. [Conclusions] Soluble starch was the most suitable carbon source for the culture medium of I. cicadae Miq. liquid strain; milk powder was the most suitable nitrogen source for the culture medium of I. cicadae Miq. liquid strain; the most suitable p H was 5. 0-9. 0 for the mycelial growth of I. cicadae Miq.; the formula and mixture ratio of the optimum culture medium for the growth of liquid strain were determined.

Optimization of mycelial growth of Xylaria papulis Lloyd(Xylariaceae)in indigenous liquid culture conditions,science city of Muñoz,Nueva Ecija,Philippines

The search for potential and inexhaustible sources of bioactive compounds with great functional activities is imperative for potential drug leads in treating various human diseases.In this regard,this study investigated the optimum liquid medium and physical culture conditions for the mycelial growth of X.papulis Lloyd for nutraceutical studies.The greatest mycelial biomass was achieved in PSB liquid medium among the indigenous media evaluated,such as potato sucrose broth(PSB),corn meal broth(CMB),rice bran broth(RBB),and coconut water(CW).In terms of pH,X.papulis Lloyd was observed to grow in a wide range of pH(5.0−8.5),but the best mycelial growth was observed at pH 6.5.Room temperature of 28℃,lighted(137 lux),and static conditions were the other optimum physical culture conditions for mycelial growth of X.papulis Lloyd.

Influence of Agitation Rate on the Growth of MD2 Pineapple Protocorm-Like Bodies and Shoots in Liquid-Shake Culture

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of agitation rate on the increase in fresh weight of MD2 pineapple protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) and shoots cultured in liquid medium. PLBs were cultured in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks (7 g per flask) containing MS medium and plant growth regulators (1.5 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine, BAP and 0.2 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, NAA). The orbital shaker was set at speeds of 50, 80, 100, 120, and 150 rpm. After 40 days, the cultures shaken at 80 rpm showed the highest fresh weight and the highest number of shoots at 76 g and 41 shoots, respectively. A comparative study of agitation found that 80 rpm was the best speed which enhanced both PLB and shoot formation. The findings in the present study would be helpful in setting up large-scale in vitro mass propagation of MD2 pineapple.

A comparative study on the contents of vitamins in the natural and the cultured prawn

A systematically comparative study on the contents of vitamins in the natural and the cultured prawn, Penaeus chinensis, was made by using High-efficiency Liquid Phase Chromatography in 1989. The results show that the vitamin C (Vc) content in the natural prawn was 8. 19% higher than that of the cultured prawn.As the natural prawn's body length increasing, the Vc content in cephalothorax increased continuously, but after August 10, the Vc content in the cultured prawn fell down rapidly. No significant differences in vitamin B1, B2,B6, nicotinic acid (NAc), nicotinamide (NAm) and folio acid (FAc) were found between the natural and the cultured prawn. Therefore, Vc probably is one of major factors limiting the growth and development of Chinese prawn.

Study on Tissue Culture and Adventitious Bud Induction of Eucheuma striatum

This study aimed to investigate the aseptic treatment and disinfection of E. striatum explants and the effects of three liquid culture medium （ PES, PESI, f/2） and plant hormones on adventitious bud induction from explants. The results showed that the vast majority of explants disinfected by combined treatment exhib- ited good growth and normal color with an average mortality rate of only 9%. E. striatum explants exhibited the best growth in PES liquid medium and the survival rate reached 66.67% at 40 d after culture. Under different concentrations （0.5, 2, 5 mg/L） of 6-BA, the induction rate ofE. striatum explants was significantly higher than that in control group, but no remarkable differences were found in the induction of adventitious buds from E. striatum explants. In PES liquid medium containing 6-BA and 2,4-D, the adventitious bud induction rate was 90% and the average number of induced adventitious buds was 6.63.

Optimization of the Culture Conditions for the Endophytic strain 4-3

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 4-3 is an excellent plant endophyte that can be used as a good raw material for microecological preparations.For this reason,it is important to optimize the culture conditions of this strain.The number of viable bacteria of strain 4-3 in this study was the evaluation index,and the culture conditions of the liquid fermentation were optimized by single factor experiment.The optimized culture condition was as follows:incubating temperature 32°C,initial pH value 7.2,rotation speed 220 r/min,inoculum concentration 3%and incubating 56 h,under which higher concentrations of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens could be obtained.

Culture Dynamics across the World Today:Tourism and the Palette of Imagination

In general,this manuscript critiques the contemporary dynamisms of the formation/deformation of the cultural sphere under the increased mobilisations of globalization.In particular,it inspects the symphysis[□SYMPHYSIS]between'tourism'and'culture',where the latter stands as an immense portmanteau phenomenon embracing many different things(under the vicissitudes of globalisation/glocalisation)across the protean realms of race,gender,entertainment,consumerism,meaning-making,et cetera.Critiquing Jamal and Robinson's recent attempt at panoramic coverage of the geography of tourism/tourism studies),it argues that tourism is regularly implicated in cultural practices relating to power-exercises in/across society.Then,in synthesising Bauman’s vision of contemporary society as that moving from seemingly well-ordered stabilities to a geographic realm where change is the-only-permanence and uncertainty the-only-certainty,the manuscript generates five lead propositions calling for'plural knowability',viz.,for a deeper/richer palette-of-imagination on the teeming multiplicities and throbbing provisionalities of culture as it emerges/unfolds or otherwise gets recast under the destabilising'nomadic logics'of our time.In viewing culture as a vehicle of both'impermanence'and'seduction'nowadays,the paper notes how in so many places and spaces,individuals are less inclined to be engaged locally/regionally/nationally as culture-partly through the volatile iterability of travel/tourism-has become an ever-widening polylogue.

A BIOREACTOR FOR TWO-STAGE MULTIPLE SHOOT CULTURE OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS

A self made gas-liquid jet bioreactor in spray flow mode is used in the two-stage multiple shoot culture of C. roseus. The experimental results show that the gas-liquid jet bioreactor is suitable for the multiple shoot culture of C. roseus in two stages, and the multiple shoots of C. roseus reach as high as 35g(dry wt.) · L-1 of biomass content and as high as 1.18% (dry wt.) of total indole alkaloids.

秀珍菇液体菌种培养基及培养条件优化

以秀珍菇的“金秀漳州”菌种为试材,采用单因素比较和响应面设计方法,研究了秀珍菇液体培养基碳氮源以及其他培养条件对秀珍菇液体菌种的菌丝体生物量以及菌丝球大小的影响,以期为秀珍菇液体菌种的制备和扩大培养提供参考依据。结果表明:最佳碳源是葡萄糖,最佳氮源是蛋白胨,最佳配方是葡萄糖21.050 g·L^(-1),蛋白胨5.304 g·L^(-1),KH_(2)PO_(4)0.524 g·L^(-1),MgSO_(4)0.942 g·L^(-1)。最佳培养条件是温度25℃,恒温振荡摇床转速150 r·min^(-1),培养天数11 d。

Effects of Alcohol and Liquid Paraffin on Development of Early Mouse Embryos in vitro

In culturing early mouse embryos in vitro,liquid paraffin and alcohol exert deleterious influence on the development of embryos. Some of light liquid paraffin produced by Chinese factories have proved harmful for early mouse embryos. As shown by our experiments, the nitronaphthalene contained and the specific gravity of liquid paraffin were not involved in the injurious effects.However,alcohol mingled in medium had harmful effects on the development of embryos. At the 0.1% concentration of alcohol in medium the proportion of embryos developing to blastocysts decreased to 73.9%. When the concentration of alcohol was increased to 0.8%, all embryos ceased developing. In our experiments, CO_2 which contained 0.13% alcohol had no visible effects on the development of embrvos in vitro.

The effects of different strength of MS media in solid and liquid media on in vitro growth of Typhonium flagelliforme

Objective: To determine the effects of different strength of Murashige and Skoog(MS)media(full,1/2and1/4) in solid and liquid media on in vitro growth of Typhonium flagelliforme(T. flagelliforme), whereby an optimum media composition can be provided for mass propagation of T. flagelliforme.Methods: Rhizome bud of T. flagelliforme was obtained from the axenic in vitro established T. flagelliforme plantlets in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam. Rhizome bud was used as explant and cultured onto shoot proliferation medium under different strength of MS media(full,1/2,1/4) in solid and liquid culture media.Results: After 6 weeks of culture, the number of shoot, number of leaf, number of root,height of shoot, fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll content of T. flagelliforme were analyzed. A comparison was made between liquid and solid culture media. The results revealed that the liquid culture media were more effective for all the growth parameters(shoot height, shoot number, leaf number, root number, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content) compared to solid culture media. Apart from that,this study revealed the positive relationship between strength of MS media and type of culture media(solid and liquid media) to the growth of T. flagelliforme. Growth of T. flagelliforme was improved when MS strength was increased in liquid media. In contrast, growth of T. flagelliforme was improved when MS strength was decreased in solid media.Conclusions: Through this study, an optimum media composition for mass propagation of T. flagelliforme had been established by observing effects of MS media strength and type of culture media(solid and liquid media) on the growth of T. flagelliforme.

Study on the Optimization of Agaricus bisporus Liquid Spawn Production Process

On the basis of single-factor experiment, an orthogonal experiment was carried out with culture temperature, initial pH, inoculation amount and liquid loading volume as factors at three levels. With the mycelium biomass as an index, the optimal secondary liquid seed culture conditions were obtained： culture temperature 27 ℃, initial pH 6.5, inoculation amount 13%, liquid loading volume 100 ml. Under the optimized conditions, mycelium biomass reached the maximum.

Replacing liquid fyrite with digital to improve <i>in vitro</i>fertilization laboratory quality control procedures

In clinical in vitro fertilization (IVF), optimal culture conditions are required for production of high quality embryos and for achieving high pregnancy rates. Cell culture systems require vigilant attention to quality control and quality assurance, and upgrades to equipment and procedures require strenuous deliberation. During a 2-week maintenance period, we undertook an extensive analysis of incubator carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring and the effect on culture media pH by comparing our traditional liquid Fyrite instruments to a certified and calibrated digital CO2 analyzer. The digital analyzer produced consistently lower CO2 readings and significantly greater precision than the liquid Fyrite. Media pH measurements showed significant variation depending on CO2 calibration device;however pH remained within manufacturers’ specifications. After superior performance by the digital analyzer, we incorporated this device into the incubator calibration and daily quality control procedures. A retrospective comparison of overall lab performance before and after this equipment switch demonstrated improved clinical pregnancy and implantation rates. This report illustrates the necessary caution when altering established laboratory procedures and equipment while highlighting the benefits of judiciously updating techniques and equipment in a laboratory setting that is often stubborn to change pre-existing, ingrained methodology.

大球盖菇液体菌种繁育工艺研究

【目的】优化大球盖菇液体菌种培养基,探究液体培养过程中的生长规律,确立液体菌种繁育栽培种工艺参数。【方法】以大球盖菇8号为试验菌株,以菌丝体生物量为评价指标,采用单因素和正交试验L9(34)优化液体菌种培养基。测定液体菌种菌丝体生物量,还原糖和氨基氮含量,羧甲基纤维素酶、淀粉酶、酸性蛋白酶、漆酶胞外酶酶活生理生化指标,确立优化配方的液体菌种最优培养时间。以平均满袋时间为指标,确立液体菌种扩繁栽培种接种量、培养基配方颗粒度和碳氮比。【结果】优化得到大球盖菇液体菌种最优配方为葡萄糖20 g·L^(-1)、小麦粉30 g·L^(-1)、酵母粉0.75 g·L^(-1)、磷酸二氢钾1.00 g·L^(-1)、硫酸镁0.50 g·L^(-1)、起始p H 5。培养第8天时,大球盖菇菌丝体生物量最大,为1.66 g·hm L^(-1);液体培养过程中还原糖含量由12.23 mg·m L^(-1)降至1.38 mg·m L^(-1),氨基氮含量由0.09mg·m L^(-1)降至0.06 mg·m L^(-1);羧甲基纤维素酶和淀粉酶酶活在第4天最高,酶活分别为6.49、5.16 U,酸性蛋白酶酶活在第2天最高,酶活为1.80 U,漆酶酶活在第6天最大,酶活为1.63 U。液体菌种扩繁栽培种生产工艺参数:接种量为15 m L,菌包培养基配方颗粒度的粗细木屑比为7∶3,碳氮比为50∶1。【结论】大球盖菇液体菌种活性与上述指标具有一定的相关性,结合发酵液生理生化指标,判定第7天的液体菌种活力最高。利用大球盖菇液体菌种扩繁栽培种,平均满袋时间为23.7 d,缩短生长周期2.7 d。本研究建立配套的制种工艺,为大球盖菇栽培种工厂化生产技术奠定基础。

红托竹荪液体发酵培养基筛选及培养条件优化

【目的】开展红托竹荪液体菌种发酵培养基的筛选,为红托竹荪液体菌种应用于工厂化栽培提供参考。【方法】以菌丝体生物量为指标,考察培养基营养物质及培养方式对红托竹荪液体发酵的影响。【结果】麦芽糖浆、玉米糖浆、玉米粉、发酵专用豆粕粉和黄豆粉可作为红托竹荪液体发酵培养基的适宜营养物质。当液体发酵培养基中玉米糖浆用量为20 g/L时,菌丝体生物量最大,为7.13 g/L。玉米粉、发酵专用豆粕粉、黄豆粉在供试范围内(0~4 g/L)可显著促进菌丝生长,当使用量为4g/L时,菌丝体生物量达到最大,分别为2.1 g/L、1.8 g/L、1.7 g/L。【结论】采用250 mL三角瓶,红托竹荪液体发酵的适宜培养条件为:培养基初始pH 5.5,装液量100~120 mL,接种量16%,培养时间14 d。

猴头菌产酚类物质液态培养条件优化及对乳酸菌生长的影响

目的:用猴头菌纯菌株进行液态菌丝培养,优化培养基以提高猴头菌丝体酚类提取物的含量,分析猴头菌丝体酚类提取物的组成,并研究猴头菌丝体酚类提取物对乳酸菌的影响。方法:采用正交试验设计,研究对液态菌丝中总酚含量的影响,并用HPD-826大孔吸附树脂对其进行纯化,再以液质联用(High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS)检测分析其组成。最后,将纯化物添加到乳酸菌培养基中,检测其对乳酸菌活菌数与产酸能力的影响。结果:在碳源马铃薯14%、氮源蛋白胨2%、无机盐MgSO40.3%时,猴头菌丝体总酚含量达到0.783 mg/g;从猴头菌丝体酚类提取物中鉴定出16个单体酚,占比88.27%,主要单体酚为没食子酸-O-葡萄糖苷、对香豆酸-O-没食子酰葡萄糖苷、阿魏酸、儿茶素苄硫醚、没食子酸和咖啡酸。在干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacilluscasei)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、肠膜串珠菌(Streptococcus intestinalis)的MRS培养基中加入猴头菌丝体酚类提取溶液,可以使3种乳酸菌活菌数均增加。结论:猴头菌丝体酚类提取物对乳酸菌的生长具有促生作用,为功能食品提供了新资源原料。

高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱法测定人参组培不定根中11种皂苷成分

建立高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法定量分析人参组培不定根中11种皂苷成分。样品经粉碎研磨,以70%甲醇水溶液为溶剂进行超声提取,离心过滤后测定。采用C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm),用水和乙腈进行梯度洗脱,流量为0.3 mL/min,柱温为35℃。质谱采用电喷雾电离源,负离子扫描,多反应监测模式进行检测。11种皂苷的质量浓度在0.1~10μg/mL(Rb1为0.2~10μg/mL)范围内和响应强度线性相关,相关系数均大于0.995,各皂苷的定量限为0.001~0.010 g/kg,加标回收率为90.43%~97.82%,相对标准偏差为1.93%~6.33%(n=6)。该方法操作简单,分析时间短,灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于人参组培不定根中多种皂苷类成分的同时测定。

COPD细胞微环境体外模型建立的思路与方法

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)是危害公众健康的重大慢性疾病。COPD病理机制复杂,细胞微环境改变是其病理生理的重要组成部分。细胞培养技术是研究COPD病理机制及药效药理评价的重要工具。该文介绍了肺内细胞微环境的基本构成,COPD病理进程中细胞微环境变化,总结了细胞微环境体外模型在COPD机制研究中的应用,提出COPD细胞微环境体外模型建立的思路与方法。

昆虫病原线虫人工培养技术研究与应用进展

昆虫病原线虫是昆虫的专化性寄生天敌,可自主搜寻寄主、杀虫速度快、对环境友好安全,是一类重要的害虫生物防治因子,在害虫可持续治理中具有应用潜力。目前,昆虫病原线虫作为商品化的新型生物杀虫制剂在全球生产销售。然而,昆虫病原线虫的商品化需要高效的人工培养技术。由于昆虫病原线虫的专化性较强,一种成熟的商业化昆虫病原线虫人工培养技术需要根据线虫种类优化。除了优化现有技术,还需研发新的人工培养技术。本文综述了国内外昆虫病原线虫人工培养技术研究和应用的历史和现状,详细介绍了活体培养技术和离体培养技术,讨论了影响昆虫病原线虫产量的主要因素,强调了优化人工培养技术并降低培养成本的必要性。未来,随着人工培养技术的不断优化,在丰富了昆虫病原线虫商品化种类的同时,还可降低农业生产的经济损失,改良土壤环境,具有重要的经济和社会价值。

桦褐孔菌产降血糖活性物质分批发酵动力学研究

该研究通过液体深层发酵培养桦褐孔菌菌丝体的方式,研究桦褐孔菌发酵产具有降血糖活性代谢产物过程中不同初始葡萄糖添加量与菌丝体生长、桦褐孔菌基质消耗及降血糖代谢产物形成之间随培养时间变化的规律并建立分批发酵动力学模型。结果表明,桦褐孔菌菌丝体生长及降血糖活性代谢产物的形成在以30 g/L葡萄糖为碳源时最佳,与20 g/L葡萄糖为碳源的初始条件相比生物量提高了10.87%,最大生长速率提高了11.9%,最大比生长速率提升了19.3%,降血糖活性代谢产物形成的最大速率以及最大比形成速率分别提升了27.9%、50.57%,此时发酵液对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率达到最高89.82%,且此时的最大基质消耗速率均高于其他组。