Improved Segmented Belief Propagation List Decoding for Polar Codes with Bit-Flipping

Belief propagation list(BPL) decoding for polar codes has attracted more attention due to its inherent parallel nature. However, a large gap still exists with CRC-aided SCL(CA-SCL) decoding.In this work, an improved segmented belief propagation list decoding based on bit flipping(SBPL-BF) is proposed. On the one hand, the proposed algorithm makes use of the cooperative characteristic in BPL decoding such that the codeword is decoded in different BP decoders. Based on this characteristic, the unreliable bits for flipping could be split into multiple subblocks and could be flipped in different decoders simultaneously. On the other hand, a more flexible and effective processing strategy for the priori information of the unfrozen bits that do not need to be flipped is designed to improve the decoding convergence. In addition, this is the first proposal in BPL decoding which jointly optimizes the bit flipping of the information bits and the code bits. In particular, for bit flipping of the code bits, a H-matrix aided bit-flipping algorithm is designed to enhance the accuracy in identifying erroneous code bits. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the errorcorrection performance of BPL decoding for medium and long codes. It is more than 0.25 d B better than the state-of-the-art BPL decoding at a block error rate(BLER) of 10^(-5), and outperforms CA-SCL decoding in the low signal-to-noise(SNR) region for(1024, 0.5)polar codes.

Evolution and Governance of the Structure of Marine Economic Networks in China’s Coastal Areas: Based on Sea-related A-share Listed Companies

Data on discrete,isolated attributes of the marine economy are often used in traditional marine economic research.However,as the focus of urban research shifts from internal static attributes to external dynamic linkages,the importance of marine economic net-work research is beginning to emerge.The construction of the marine economic network in China’s coastal areas is necessary to change the flow of land and sea resources and optimize regional marine economic development.Employing data from headquarters and branches of sea-related A-share listed enterprises to construct the marine economic network in China,we use social network analysis(SNA)to discuss the characteristics of its evolution as of 2010,2015,and 2020 and its governance.The following results were obtained.1)In terms of topological characteristics,the scale of the marine economic network in China’s coastal areas has accelerated and expan-ded,and the connections have become increasingly close;thus,this development has complex network characteristics.2)In terms of spatial structure,the intensity of the connection fluctuates and does not form stable development support;the group structure gradually becomes clear,but the overall pattern is fragmented;there are spatial differences in marine economic agglomeration radiation;the radi-ation effect of the eastern marine economic circle is obvious;and the polarization effect of northern and southern marine economic circles is significant.On this basis,we construct a framework for the governance of a marine economic network with the market,the government,and industry as the three governing bodies.By clarifying the driving factors and building objectives of marine economic network construction,this study aims to foster the high-quality development of China’s marine economy.

Bawei Biotechnology Listed

On Mar.29th,2024,Bawei Biotechnology was listed at Beijing Stock Exchange.So far,Bawei Biotechnology has smoothly become“the first cosmetics OEM listed at Beijing Stock Exchange”,as well as the first A-share cosmetics enterprise listed in 2024.At the opening quotation,the stock price increase of Bawei Biotechnology exceeded 200%,and the total market value exceeded 1.4 billion yuan.Bawei Biotechnology mainly engages in the R&D,production,sales and detection of cosmetics,with the product category covering skin care product,facial mask,toiletry,and makeup.So far,it has served a total of 1,000 cosmetics brands,including Unilever,Renhe Ingenuity,HBN,SKINTIFIC,Marubi Biotechnology,PROF.

List接口的教学案例设计与实现

List接口的概念与应用是Java程序设计课程的重点内容之一。为培养学生分析和解决实际问题的能力,本文探讨在List接口知识点训练时,以模拟实现学生信息管理系统项目作为教学案例,并引入瀑布模型的教学方法。实践结果表明,选择合适的教学案例,在教学过程中引入瀑布模型思维方式,可以有效培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。

通用学术词表Academic Vocabulary List(AVL)修订述略

学术英语词汇是学术英语教学的重点和难点,不同时代和学科曾编写过各类学术词表。加德纳和戴维斯(2014)基于学术语料容量达1.2亿的COCA语料库推出学术词表Academic Vocabulary List(AVL),该词表在学术英语教学和研究中得到广泛应用。然而实践表明,AVL词表收录的3015个词元存在词汇重复、以词元为单位排列的词表和以词族为单位排列的词表不相吻合等问题。本研究尝试以科学性原则、适切性原则、时效性原则为指导,基于AVL词表原有的比率、分布、离散度、学科指数四条选词标准,增加最低频次和经验判断两条新标准对AVL词表予以完善和修订。完善修订后的AVL词表由先前的1991个词族、3015个词元缩减至709个词族1715个词元,较修订前更具简洁性和高效性。希望依据3项原则和6项标准所做的修订为学术英语教与学以及学术英语教材编写和选用带来新的参考。

Belief Propagation List Decoding for Polar Codes:Performance Analysis and Software Implementation on GPU

Belief propagation(BP)decoding outputs soft information and can be naturally used in iterative receivers.BP list(BPL)decoding provides comparable error-correction performance to the successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding.In this paper,we firstly introduce an enhanced code construction scheme for BPL decoding to improve its errorcorrection capability.Then,a GPU-based BPL decoder with adoption of the new code construction is presented.Finally,the proposed BPL decoder is tested on NVIDIA RTX3070 and GTX1060.Experimental results show that the presented BPL decoder with early termination criterion achieves above 1 Gbps throughput on RTX3070 for the code(1024,512)with 32 lists under good channel conditions.

List-Serial Pipelined Hardware Architecture for SCL Decoding of Polar Codes

For polar codes,the performance of successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding is capable of approaching that of maximum likelihood decoding.However,the existing hardware architectures for the SCL decoding suffer from high hardware complexity due to calculating L decoding paths simultaneously,which are unfriendly to the devices with limited logical resources,such as field programmable gate arrays(FPGAs).In this paper,we propose a list-serial pipelined hardware architecture with low complexity for the SCL decoding,where the serial calculation and the pipelined operation are elegantly combined to strike a balance between the complexity and the latency.Moreover,we employ only one successive cancellation(SC)decoder core without L×L crossbars,and reduce the number of inputs of the metric sorter from 2L to L+2.Finally,the FPGA implementations show that the hardware resource consumption is significantly reduced with negligible decoding performance loss.

Lesening's Parent Company dencare got listed in market

On April 10th,2023,Dencare(stock code:001328),parent company of Lesening,was listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange.There were 43,043,500 new shares issued this time,with the issue price as 20.68 yuan and raised fund as 890 million yuan,accounting for 25%of the total capital stock after issuing.It thus became the“first share of anti-sensitivity toothpaste”in A share.Such fundraising will mainly be used to invest in intelligent manufacturing upgrading and construction projects.The opening price on that day was 41 yuan,rising 98.3%comparing with the issue price;the closing price was 56.64 yuan,increasing by 174%comparing with the issue price.It is also one of the first IPOs approved since the full registration system was officially implemented.

Rare earth listed in the Catalogue of Energy and Resources Products Subject to Export Reporting

China’s Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)on 7 November announced revisions to a list of bulk commodities whose imports and exports should be reported for keeping statistical record.Fourteen commodities including Soybeans,rapeseed,soybean oil,palm oil and so on will continue to be regulated by current import reporting system.Five new items are included.Crude oil,iron ore.

List Extremal Number of Union of Short Cycles

The list extremal number f（G） is defined for a graph G as the smallest integer k such that the join of G with a stable set of size k is not ｜V（G）｜-choosable. In this paper, we find the exact value of f（G）, where G is the union of edge-disjoint cycles of length three, four, five and six. Our results confirm two conjectures posed by S. Gravier, F. Maffray and B. Mohar.

Some Suggestions for College Students to Improve Listening

Language is the tool of communication. English is a compulsory course for every student. English listening, as an essential part of English learning, is an effective way to obtain new information. But for many students, the most difficult part for them is listening. The paper aims to give some suggestions to the college English learners and to help them to improve their listening comprehension abilities. Such as: to strengthen language knowledge, to build up self-confidence, to use listening strategies, to learn western culture, and to listen extensively.

基于list-mode数据重建PET图像的研究进展

本文通过对基于list-mode和sinogram两种数据形式的PET图像EM重建算法的比较,从几个方面介绍了直接采用list-mode数据进行PET图像重建的优点,并对基于list-mode的PET图像重建算法的发展动态进行了评述。

基于SHEL模型的check list表管理在新型冠状病毒核酸标本采集不良事件防范管理中的应用

目的评价编制的check list表在新型冠状病毒核酸咽拭子标本采集不良事件防范管理中的应用效果。方法以SHEL模型为指导,通过专家函询,制定出核酸咽拭子标本采集过程中有潜在风险的不良事件防范check list表,采用跟班督查、现场提问、问卷星考核等方式逐条进行整改,评价整改前3个月和整改后3个月不良事件发生率、咽拭子标本采集合格率、核酸检验人员对护理工作满意度的差异。结果采用check list表进行核查、追踪、整改后,不良事件发生率从0.13%下降至0.02%,标本采集合格率从88.55%提高到93.37%,整改前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),检验科人员对护理工作的满意度有很大提高。结论以SHEL模型为指导的check list表制定,能为护理不良事件的防范管理提供全面的指导,有利于提高护理质量,值得推广应用。

一种改进的基于N-List的频繁项集挖掘算法

针对在海量数据中频繁项集挖掘耗时问题,近年来提出的N-List结构可有效提高挖掘效率。基于N-List提出一种新的频繁项集挖掘算法HNSFI(Hash table and subsume frequent itemsets mining based on N-List)。该算法利用PPC-tree生成N-List,引入哈希表存储N-List表示的项集,加快N-List相交操作运算时间;引入包含因子概念,利用其性质通过组合方法可以直接生成部分频繁项集,进一步提高算法时间性能。在三种不同的数据集上对该算法进行了测试和分析,实验结果表明在稠密数据集中该算法的时间性能是最优的。

An Incremental Algorithm for Non-Slicing Floorplan Based on Corner Block List Representation

We present a novel incremental algorithm for non-slicing floorplans based on the corner block list representation. The horizontal and vertical adjacency graphs are derived from the packing of the initial floorplanning results. Based on the critical path and the accumulated slack distances we define,we choose the best position for insertion and do a series of operations incrementally, such as deleting modules, adding modules, and resizing modules quickly. This incremental floorplanning algorithm has a very high speed less than 1μm,which is one of the most important measures in this research. The algorithm preserves the original good performances on area and wire length. It can also supply other tools with good physical estimates for area, wire length, and other performance guidelines.

结合隐式元数据和List IO的并行文件系统

并行文件系统中的文件数据与元数据分离管理和分离存储使得系统复杂性上升,可靠性下降,采用将两种数据结合的隐式的元数据管理与存储则可以避免上述问题,而且可以获得元数据的并行服务能力,将Expand隐式元数据管理的简单可靠及元数据并发服务和PVFS高效的ListI/O非连续数据访问的能力相结合,可以同时获得两者的优点。

采用N-list结构的混合并行频繁项集挖掘算法

针对大数据环境下并行MRPrePost频繁项集挖掘算法中存在计算节点负载不均衡,N-list合并效率低以及冗余搜索等问题,提出了基于N-list结构的混合并行频繁项集挖掘算法HP-FIMBN。首先,设计负载量估计函数(LE)来计算出频繁1项集F-list中每一项的负载量,同时提出基于贪心策略的分组方法(GM-GS)将F-list中的每一项根据其负载量进行均匀分组,既解决了数据划分中计算节点负载不均衡的问题,又降低了集群中各节点上子PPC-Tree树的规模;其次,提出预先放弃策略(EAS),该策略不仅能有效避免合并过程中的无效计算,而且不需要遍历初始N-list结构就能得到最终的N-list,极大地提高了N-list结构的合并效率;最后,采用集合枚举树作为搜索空间,并提出超集等价剪枝策略(SES)来避免挖掘过程中的冗余搜索,生成最终的挖掘结果。实验结果表明,该算法在大数据环境下进行频繁项集挖掘具有较好的效果。

Access-list技术应用研究

访问表是网络防御外来安全威胁的第一关 ,它是通过允许或拒绝信息流通过路由器的接口来实现的一种机制。本文介绍了访问表的基本概念、基本原理以及具有高级安全特性的新一代访问表 ,给出了一个建立应用访问表的实例 ,最后对各种网络安全威胁给出了对策及实现方案。

一种改进List-wise的科技论文推荐方法研究

近些年,科研社交网站中的科技论文数量呈现出爆炸式增长的趋势,用户很难发现符合自己要求的科技论文,而科技论文推荐正是解决这个问题的有效方法之一。但是现有科技论文推荐方法大多专注于评分预测的准确性,忽视了推荐科技论文之间的排序问题,并且现有的科技论文推荐方法没有充分利用科研社交网站中的社会化信息。为此,提出了一种改进List-wise的科技论文推荐方法,系统地分析了科研社交网站中的好友关系,科技论文的标题、摘要和标签等社会化信息,并将其融入到List-wise方法中。为了验证提出方法的有效性,抓取了科研社交网站Cite ULike上的数据进行验证,实验结果表明,与其他传统的推荐方法相比,该方法取得了较好的实验结果,具有良好的可扩展性。

Check list表单在ICU连续性血液净化患者上机管理中的应用

目的:探讨Check list表单在ICU连续性血液净化患者上机管理中的应用效果。方法:选择2015年1~6月行床旁连续性血液净化50例患者作为对照组,采用传统流程;将7~12月行床旁连续性血液净化治疗66例患者为观察组,使用check list表单进行用物准备、管路安装及上机过程的管理。比较两组行血液净化时用物准备和管路安装时间、正确率,上机过程规范流程执行率,医生对护理工作的满意度的差异。结果:观察组较对照组用物准备和管路安装时间明显缩短、正确率明显上升,提高了规范操作的依从性(P<0.01),医生对护理工作的满意度观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:床旁连续性血液净化过程中使用check list表单,缩短了护士用物准备和管路安装的时间,提高了工作效率,减少了安全隐患,保证了患者的安全,提高了规范上机操作流程的依从性,提高医生对护理工作的满意度。