Identifying Scientific Project-generated Data Citation from Full-text Articles: An Investigation of TCGA Data Citation

Purpose： In the open science era, it is typical to share project-generated scientific data by depositing it in an open and accessible database. Moreover, scientific publications are preserved in a digital library archive. It is challenging to identify the data usage that is mentioned in literature and associate it with its source. Here, we investigated the data usage of a government-funded cancer genomics project, The Cancer Genome Atlas（TCGA）, via a full-text literature analysis.Design/methodology/approach： We focused on identifying articles using the TCGA dataset and constructing linkages between the articles and the specific TCGA dataset. First, we collected 5,372 TCGA-related articles from Pub Med Central（PMC）. Second, we constructed a benchmark set with 25 full-text articles that truly used the TCGA data in their studies, and we summarized the key features of the benchmark set. Third, the key features were applied to the remaining PMC full-text articles that were collected from PMC.Findings： The amount of publications that use TCGA data has increased significantly since 2011, although the TCGA project was launched in 2005. Additionally, we found that the critical areas of focus in the studies that use the TCGA data were glioblastoma multiforme, lung cancer, and breast cancer; meanwhile, data from the RNA-sequencing（RNA-seq） platform is the most preferable for use.Research limitations： The current workflow to identify articles that truly used TCGA data is labor-intensive. An automatic method is expected to improve the performance.Practical implications： This study will help cancer genomics researchers determine the latest advancements in cancer molecular therapy, and it will promote data sharing and data-intensive scientific discovery.Originality/value： Few studies have been conducted to investigate data usage by governmentfunded projects/programs since their launch. In this preliminary study, we extracted articles that use TCGA data from PMC, and we created a link between the full-text articles and the source data.

LRV: A Tool for Academic Text Visualization to Support theLiterature Review Process

Text visualization is concerned with the representation of text in a graphicalform to facilitate comprehension of large textual data. Its aim is to improve the ability tounderstand and utilize the wealth of text-based information available. An essential task inany scientific research is the study and review of previous works in the specified domain,a process that is referred to as the literature survey process. This process involves theidentification of prior work and evaluating its relevance to the research question. With theenormous number of published studies available online in digital form, this becomes acumbersome task for the researcher. This paper presents the design and implementationof a tool that aims to facilitate this process by identifying relevant work and suggestingclusters of articles by conceptual modeling, thus providing different options that enablethe researcher to visualize a large number of articles in a graphical easy-to-analyze form.The tool helps the researcher in analyzing and synthesizing the literature and building aconceptual understanding of the designated research area. The evaluation of the toolshows that researchers have found it useful and that it supported the process of relevantwork analysis given a specific research question, and 70% of the evaluators of the toolfound it very useful.

Rediscovering Don Swanson:The Past,Present and Future of Literature-based Discovery

Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for 2000, and as author of many seminal articles. In this informal essay, I will give my personal perspective on Don＇s contributions to science, and outline some current and future directions in literature-based discovery that are rooted in concepts that he developed.Design/methodology/approach： Personal recollections and literature review. Findings： The Swanson A-B-C model of literature-based discovery has been successfully used by laboratory investigators analyzing their findings and hypotheses. It continues to be a fertile area of research in a wide range of application areas including text mining, drug repurposing, studies of scientific innovation, knowledge discovery in databases, and bioinformatics. Recently, additional modes of discovery that do not follow the A-B-C model have also been proposed and explored （e.g. so-called storytelling, gaps, analogies, link prediction, negative consensus, outliers, and revival of neglected or discarded research questions）. Research limitations： This paper reflects the opinions of the author and is not a comprehensive nor technically based review of literature-based discovery. Practical implications： The general scientific public is still not aware of the availability of tools for literature-based discovery. Our Arrowsmith project site maintains a suite of discovery tools that are free and open to the public （http：//arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu）, as does BITOLA which is maintained by Dmitar Hristovski （http：// http：//ibmi.mf.uni-lj.si/bitola）, and Epiphanet which is maintained by Trevor Cohen （http：//epiphanet.uth.tme.edu/）. Bringing user-friendly tools to the public should be a high priority, since even more than advancing basic research in informatics, it is vital that we ensure that scientists actually use discovery tools and that these are actually able to help them make experimental discoveries in the lab and in the clinic. Originality/value： This paper discusses problems and issues which were inherent in Don＇s thoughts during his life, including those which have not yet been fully taken up and studied systematically.

基于知识融合和聚类引导的语言模型用于MOFs合成信息分类

金属有机框架(MOFs)的合成实验步骤通常集中存储在科学文献某一段落内,从文献中提取实验步骤对推动新型金属有机框架的开发具有重要意义。现有研究存在两个问题:第一,将整篇文献视为普通文本,按句/段直接切分处理,忽略了上下文中隐藏的高级知识;第二,模型未深入挖掘数据内部的隐藏模式。针对上述问题,提出一个基于知识融合策略的高质量知识补充任务。利用科学文献编辑风格和结构化Web数据的微妙之处,将上下文关键知识汇集到段落中,进而优化其文本表征;然后提出一种基于聚类引导的自适应分类算法,采用聚类算法将文本表征划分为多个簇,同时训练不同的分类模型来适应不同的簇,从而有效地减少数据重叠的影响,提高模型召回率。实验结果表明,所提方法的性能相比主流基线模型有较大提升。

The History of Czech Literature in China

During a century-long time span,a remarkable array of Czech literary works had been introduced to China,marked by selections of different writers,genres,and themes.This study attempts to discuss what Czech literary works have been translated in China since its beginning in 1921.Besides the selection of texts for introduction,attention has also been given to the formats of their publication,the adoption of introduction approach,choice of intermediate languages,the numbers of different versions,and the frequency of their publication,as well as the textual and paratextual features of the end Chinese products.

An Analysis of the Text Arrivals

This paper presents the analysis of the text Arrivals,which serves as the first chapter in Rana Dasgupta's fiction Tokyo Cancelled.The analysis mainly focuses on the role of literature devices including foregrounding,metaphor,and voice.Both advantages and limitations of the devices are concerned in the analysis.Nevertheless,with the skillful use of the literature techniques,the charm of the text is enhanced through lines.

Cross-border electronic commerce’s new path:from literature review to AI text generation

Digitization,informatization,and Internet penetration have led to a significant rise in cross-border e-commerce(CBEC),attracting considerable interest from academia,government,and industry.This study employed a novel method combining automatic text generation technology and traditional bibliometric analysis to summarize and categorize the research on CBEC evolution from 2000 to 2021.Articles were selected and examined with a focus on four dimensions:customer,risk,supply chain,and platform.Contradictions in these dimensions were found to result in two major obstacles to CBEC development,namely,dataset sharing and platform scalability.These obstacles prevent research on cross-border platforms from moving beyond theory-based studies.Further research needs to examine how soft computing can be used to accelerate and remodel the global trade ecosystem.

基于TextCNN模型的电子期刊文献推荐方法研究

论文提出基于TextCNN模型的电子期刊文献推荐方法,旨在更好地精确把握文献内容的本质特征与用户文献需求的深层关系,实现电子期刊文献推荐服务的个性化和精准化。使用word2vec对文献题录信息进行向量化,使用TextCNN模型训练文献推荐模型,最后主动将符合用户需求的文献推送给科研用户。实践证明,论文设计的推荐模型能够为用户推荐电子期刊文献,效果良好。

基于PU-Learning和TextCNN的文献推荐方法研究

论文旨在将现有的机器学习研究成果运用到图书馆文献推荐的实际工作中,以充分发挥电子资源的作用。鉴于难以获得用户对文献资源的显式评价,因此将用户浏览、下载的文献视为正类文献,将用户未交互的文献视为未标记文献,通过卷积网络文本分类模型并结合PU-Learning算法对待推荐文献的推荐概率进行预测。实践证明该方法具有较高的精准性,能够在图书馆文献推荐实际应用中发挥作用。

基于卷积神经网络和Transformer的手写体英文文本识别

手写体文本识别技术可以将手写文档转录成可编辑的数字文档。但由于手写的书写风格迥异、文档结构千变万化和字符分割识别精度不高等问题,基于神经网络的手写体英文文本识别仍面临着许多挑战。针对上述问题,提出基于卷积神经网络(CNN)和Transformer的手写体英文文本识别模型。首先利用CNN从输入图像中提取特征,而后将特征输入到Transformer编码器中得到特征序列每一帧的预测,最后经过链接时序分类(CTC)解码器获得最终的预测结果。在公开的IAM(Institut für Angewandte Mathematik)手写体英文单词数据集上进行了大量的实验结果表明,该模型获得了3.60%的字符错误率(CER)和12.70%的单词错误率(WER),验证了所提模型的可行性。

挖掘文本框位置特性的anchor-free自然场景文本检测

针对现有优秀的anchor-free文本检测方法只挖掘了文本框几何特性而没有考虑文本框位置特性且缺乏有效的过滤机制,提出了挖掘文本框位置特性的anchor-free自然场景文本检测方法。该方法以ResNet50作为卷积神经网络的主干网络,将多个不同尺寸的特征层融合后预测文本框的几何特性和位置特性,最后辅之以二层过滤机制得到最终的检测文本框。在公开的数据集ICDAR2013和ICDAR2011上F值分别达到了0.870和0.861,证明了该方法的有效性。

基于大语言模型的中文科技文献标注方法

高质量的标注数据是中文科技文献领域自然语言处理任务的重要基石。针对目前缺乏中文科技文献的高质量标注语料以及人工标注质量参差不齐且效率低下的问题,提出一种基于大语言模型的中文科技文献标注方法。首先,制定适用于多领域中文科技文献的细粒度标注规范,明确标注实体类型以及标注粒度;其次,设计结构化文本标注提示模板和生成解析器,将中文科技文献标注任务设置成单阶段单轮问答过程,将标注规范和带标注文本填充至提示模板中相应的槽位以构建任务提示词;然后,将提示词注入到大语言模型中生成包含标注信息的输出文本,经由解析器解析得到结构化的标注数据;最后,利用基于大语言模型的提示学习生成中文科技文献实体标注数据集ACSL,其中包含分布在48个学科的10000篇标注文档以及72536个标注实体,并在ACSL上提出基于RoBERTa-wwm-ext的3个基准模型。实验结果表明,BERT+Span模型在长跨度的中文科技文献实体识别任务中表现最佳,F1值为0.335。上述结果可作为后续研究的测试基准。

媒介变革中网络文学现实观照的幻像强化——从Internet到Sora的技术迁跃

网络文学的媒介提供了一种虚拟空间的文化交流与精神对话方式。伴随着互联网媒介生产技术从早期诞生到Sora AI问世的持续发展,文艺同社会生活边界的日渐模糊,进而打破了以往同社会存在遥远距离的束缚,以一种超现实的虚拟空间状态进入社会大众的生活。网络文艺创作将个体“无意识之思”通过超现实的叙事表达在集体“无意识之思”的公共语境空间内,并通过一种“在场”式体验的创作同创作者与阅读者构成共同的语意空间。而由于公共语境空间的平等交流性,读者与创作者都在他者介入的影响下参与到网络文艺在“自我理想”中找寻“理想自我”的过程中。

基于BERT和CNN的药物不良反应个例报道文献分类方法

在临床上,药物不良反应导致的死亡和用药不当造成的住院及门诊费急剧升高,成为临床安全合理用药面临的主要问题之一。目前对药物不良反应的回顾性分析和文献分析多以公开发表的文献资料为依据。学术文献作为重要的数据来源之一,如何自动批量地对其进行数据处理尤为重要。针对医药文本独特的表述方式,基于BERT及其组合模型进行文本分类技术比对实验,建立对药物不良反应个例报道文献数据进行高效快速分类的方法,进而分辨出药物不良反应的类型,有效预警药害事件。实验结果表明,使用BERT模型的分类准确率达到99.75%,其可以准确高效地对药物不良反应个例报道文献进行分类,在辅助医疗、构建医学文本结构化数据等方面均具有重要的价值和意义,进而能够更好地维护公众健康。

残疾人居住空间无障碍改造研究综述

随着中国人口老龄化形势的日益严峻,残障人群的数量不断增加,新时代,我国更加重视残疾人事业的建设,而居住空间的无障碍改造设计是改善残疾人生活质量的重要手段之一。该文从国内外关于残疾人居家环境无障碍改造的文献研究入手,梳理有关国内外残疾人居住空间无障碍改造的发展历程,综合评述了国内外相关研究关于残疾人住房起居无障改造设计的研究方向、方法与结论。同时,总结我国在老龄化背景和人本理念下残疾人居住空间无障碍改造存在的无障碍问题与未来发展趋势,以期推进我国无障碍发展建设,提升残疾人民生福祉。

楼阁文学视角下的城市标识性历史景观风貌研究

楼阁是城市标识性历史景观的重要组成部分,文章在楼阁文学的视角下运用数字人文的方法对江南三大名楼古诗词进行信息挖掘、景观分析与文学制图,观照名楼的景观风貌。文章对比分析三大名楼景观异同,并从历史学、文学角度溯源、考证,认为景观同楼阁的地理位置与自然环境、建废盛衰与历史变迁、楼阁文学与文化积淀联系紧密。文章旨在探究城市标识性历史景观与城市历史文化的关系,以开拓城市更新发展新视域。

21世纪以来西方犯罪小说研究的三个转变

犯罪小说在世界范围内取得巨大商业成功的同时,也引起学术界的高度关注。文章通过对21世纪之前以及近期犯罪小说研究的三个转变呈现西方犯罪小说批评研究趋势,同时展现犯罪小说与世界文学关系的新变。这三个转变依次为:尽管世界经典文学对类型小说的排斥依然存在,新旧世纪之交犯罪小说创作及其研究已进入世界文学研究的视野;其后,“作为世界文学的犯罪小说”概念取得合法性,世界文学研究开始全面接受这一类型并指引其研究方向;近期,加强犯罪叙事个体文本研究以证明其所具有的经典性,从而突破犯罪小说的研究定式成为新的研究热点。当下犯罪小说研究这一类型自源头就具备跨国性和世界性特征,这充分证明了犯罪小说所具有的世界文学属性和自我更新活力。

基于多模态阐释学的《江格尔》史诗传播与传承形态转变

《江格尔》作为我国三大史诗之一,在中国史诗学研究中具有十分重要的地位。史诗《江格尔》不仅以传统的演唱方式传承,还以印刷文本、图像文本、音视频文本、影视文本、雕塑画廊和文物遗址等多种形式加以传承和传播,不断实现着史诗《江格尔》的创造性转化和创新性发展,以适应新时代弘扬中华优秀传统文化的新要求。史诗《江格尔》这些多种传承和传播方式,构成了其作为中华优秀传统文化遗产的整体存在形态。基于“双创”理念,我们从阐释学研究维度就英雄史诗《江格尔》多模态传承与传播加以理论阐述,指出每一种史诗传承传播形态都有其存在的合理性和必要性,是新时代优秀文化遗产与时俱进的发展趋势,需要客观、科学和辩证的阐述和解读。我们要挖掘其深厚的文化内涵和时代价值,积极为新时代民间文艺学学科体系、学术体系和话语体系的建设贡献一份力量。

名著改编电影在高校文学教学中的运用研究

当前的高校文学类课程教学在从传统到现代演进的过程中呈现出一系列问题,名著改编电影介入高校文学教学是其中较为有效的解决途径和方法,具有重要作用和意义。合理并有针对性地筛选影片、观影和文学文本细读相结合、以学生为中心的电影介入是改进文学教学的有效策略。同时也要注意电影对原著的忠实性、电影放映时间和课上教学时间所占课堂教学比例、电影教学中的美学教育等多个问题。

中国自由贸易试验区制度创新:特征、问题及对策

为了探研中国自由贸易试验区制度创新的特征以及存在的问题,对中国自由贸易试验区10年来国家和地方层面要求复制推广的2130项制度创新成果进行了全面系统的梳理,通过文本挖掘的方法对其实践特征进行量化分析。研究发现,各自由贸易试验区形成了大批制度创新成果,推动了各地区高质量发展;然而,这些制度创新成果也存在制度供给需求不相匹配、改革领域过于集中以及改革深度不够等问题。研究表明,进一步推动中国自由贸易试验区高质量制度创新的重要途经是,要建立市场与管理双向沟通的渠道,将短期内难以显现改革绩效的考核方式由结果导向转为程序导向;加大放权力度的同时加强数字政府的建设,通过网络平台建立来自政府服务受众的多途径信息反馈机制;在国家、省级层面上对自由贸易试验区制度创新相关事宜进行立法;结合自由贸易试验区提升战略,更加注重产业发展领域的制度创新,加强制度创新的系统集成和协同高效,以及深入推进高水平制度型开放。