Objective To explore the metabolic differences between dry eye patients with Qi-Yin defi-ciency and heat stagnation in liver meridian patterns,and clarify their metabolic characteris-tics.Methods Patients with dry eye...Objective To explore the metabolic differences between dry eye patients with Qi-Yin defi-ciency and heat stagnation in liver meridian patterns,and clarify their metabolic characteris-tics.Methods Patients with dry eye who were treated in the Ophthalmology Ward and Outpatient Department of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from October 1,2020,to October 30,2021 were enrolled as the research participants in the study.They were assigned to two groups based on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types:heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern group and Qi-Yin deficiency pattern group.Healthy vol-unteers who underwent health check-ups in the Health Management Department were in-cluded as healthy group following the random number table method.The tears of the pa-tients and the healthy volunteer participants were tested by high-performance liquid chro-matography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).The differential metabolites were screened out by multivariate statistical analysis,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment was performed on the differential metabolites.Finally,the association analysis of differential proteins and metabolites was conducted to verify and supplement the metabolites.Results A total of 32 dry eye patients were enrolled,including 16 cases with heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern and 16 cases with Qi-Yin deficiency pattern.Fourteen healthy volun-teers were included as healthy group.There were no significant differences in baseline char-acteristics among the three groups(P>0.05).A total of 412 biomarkers were determined in Qi-Yin deficiency pattern group,mainly including lipids,lipid-like molecules,organic acids and their derivatives,organic heterocyclic compounds,and nucleosides and their analogues.For heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern group,112 metabolites were determined,main-ly including organic acids and their derivatives,lipids,and lipid-like molecules.The KEGG enrichment results of pathways and the relative content analysis of differential markers de-monstrate that purine metabolism and caffeine metabolism pathways are common metabol-ic characteristics of all dry eyes.Among them,deoxyinosine monophosphate(dIMP)and 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospha-D-ribosyl)acetamidine can serve as their biomarkers.The main characteristics of Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome pattern were the significant enhancement of metabolic pathways such as lysine degradation,ovarian steroidogenesis,cholesterol metabolism,pyrimidine metabolism,and bile secretion(P<0.05).Dry eye associated with the heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern is mainly characterized by inhibition of the valine,leucine,and isoleucine biosynthesis pathways(P<0.05).Conclusion Metabolomics can be used as an effective basis for TCM syndrome classification.Different patterns of dry eye syndrome exhibit typical characteristics in the types and concen-trations of metabolites,which correspond to the syndrome classification in TCM.This study initially confirms the rationality of TCM syndrome classification and provides significant ref-erence for the mechanism of dry eye and drug development.展开更多
Objective: To study the synthesis of heat shock pro- tein 70 (HSP70) by zinc ( ZnSO_4) and its protective effect during cold preservation in rat liver by estab- lishment of a simple cold preservation model. Methods: W...Objective: To study the synthesis of heat shock pro- tein 70 (HSP70) by zinc ( ZnSO_4) and its protective effect during cold preservation in rat liver by estab- lishment of a simple cold preservation model. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n =6): control group untreated before operation; Zn- 1, Zn-2, and Zn-3 groups treated before operation with zinc sulfate (Zn^(2+) 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 15 mg/ kg respectively); H group treated with heat shock (42.5 ℃×15 min). The livers of the rats were pre- served in UW solution for 6, 12, 24 hours. The re- sults of heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis were ana- lyzed with Western blot. The aspartate aminotrans- ferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) values of perfusion and histological findings were evaluated. Results: A great amount of HSPs was synthesized af- ter pretreatment with zinc and heat shock. The AST and LDH values of the Zn-1, Zn-2 and H groups were significantly lower than those of the C group (P <0.05). But the value of the Zn-3 group was much higher. Histologically, mild injury was observed in the Zn-1, Zn-2 and H groups, but severe injury in the Zn-3 group. Conclusions: Zn^(2+), as a potent and feasible inducer of HSP expression, is able to protect the liver for cold preservation. Proper induction dosage of Zn^(2+) ranges from 5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, and Zn^(2+) 15 mg/ kg could not be a stress conditioning factor for its ad- verse effect on rat liver.展开更多
Objective: To analyse the clinical features and prognosisof liver injury caused by heat stroke.Methods: The clinical data of 10 patients with severe liverinjury caused by heat stroke were analysed retrospective-ly.Res...Objective: To analyse the clinical features and prognosisof liver injury caused by heat stroke.Methods: The clinical data of 10 patients with severe liverinjury caused by heat stroke were analysed retrospective-ly.Results: In 4 patients the level of ALT was over 1000 U/L, in 3 patients ranged from 300 to 1000 U/L, and in 3patients 50-300 U/L. The level of TBIL in 2 patientswas over 400 μmol/L and in 5 varied from 20 to 75μmol/L. Two patients showed jaundice and petechia on展开更多
Objective: Incomplete radiofrequency ablation(ICR) has been proposed as a major cause of recurrence in the treatment of hepatic metastatic tumors.We tried to determine the mechanisms of this progression in colorectal ...Objective: Incomplete radiofrequency ablation(ICR) has been proposed as a major cause of recurrence in the treatment of hepatic metastatic tumors.We tried to determine the mechanisms of this progression in colorectal cancer(CRC) liver metastasis(CRLMs)Methods: We have established a mouse model of radiofrequency ablation(RFA) therapy to demonstrate increased risk of recurrence of CRLMs with ICR.Here we focused on heat shock-induced CRC malignancy.Sub-lethal heat shock(HS) in CRC cell lines provoked cell growth, invasion, and tumor initiation in vitro and in vivo.Results: We found that Fra-1, which lies downstream of PKCα-ERK1/2 signaling, was significantly increased by HS compared with the untreated CRC cells.Silencing Fra-1 reversed the tumor promoting effects of HS.Furthermore, proliferation and tumor initiation inducer c-Myc, together with tumor invasion inducer matrix-metalloprotase 1(MMP-1) expression were up-regulated by AP-1/Fra-1 induced genes transcription.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that ICR generated HS induces CRC malignancy by targeting Fra-1, which could be a potential prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent disease recurrence after radiofrequency ablation treatment.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONFrom the technical aspect of liver surgery ,control of bleeding during hepatic parenchymal resection is one of the most important procedures in hepatectomy .Pringle,s maneuver ,a temporary cross-clamping ...INTRODUCTIONFrom the technical aspect of liver surgery ,control of bleeding during hepatic parenchymal resection is one of the most important procedures in hepatectomy .Pringle,s maneuver ,a temporary cross-clamping of the hepatoduodnal ligament ,has often been used for this purpose[1],This is the simplest and userul technique to reduce intraoperative blood loss .展开更多
INTRODUCTIONOnly the liver has the great capability ofregeneration in mammal.Few hepatocytes are inthe phase of division in the normal liver of an adultmammal (including human beings),but theremaining hepatocytes can ...INTRODUCTIONOnly the liver has the great capability ofregeneration in mammal.Few hepatocytes are inthe phase of division in the normal liver of an adultmammal (including human beings),but theremaining hepatocytes can be induced to proliferatequickly by partial hepatectomy (PH),and,to somedegree,they stop dividing and re-differentiate intocells functioning as hepatocytes.This shows展开更多
BACKGROUND The growing popularity of marathon and half-marathon runs has led to an increased number of patients presenting with exertion-induced heat stroke. Mild hepatic involvement is often observed in these patient...BACKGROUND The growing popularity of marathon and half-marathon runs has led to an increased number of patients presenting with exertion-induced heat stroke. Mild hepatic involvement is often observed in these patients;however, fulminant liver failure may occur in approximately 5% of all cases. Liver transplantation is a potentially curative approach for exertion-induced liver failure, although there is a lack of consensus regarding the criteria and optimal timing of this intervention. CASE SUMMARY This paper describes 5 patients (4 men and 1 woman) who were referred to the department where this study was performed with the diagnosis of exertioninduced acute liver failure. Three patients underwent liver transplantation, 1 recovered spontaneously, and 1 patient died on day 11 following the exertion. CONCLUSION Exertion-induced heat stroke may present as fulminant liver failure. These patients may recover with conservative treatment, may require liver transplantation, or may die. No definitive criteria are available to determine patient suitability for a conservative vs surgical approach.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONFulminant hepatic failure(FHF)is a severe disease with devastating consequences;the incidence is high in China.Before the availability of liver transplantation,the mortality rate was more than 80%[1,2].The...INTRODUCTIONFulminant hepatic failure(FHF)is a severe disease with devastating consequences;the incidence is high in China.Before the availability of liver transplantation,the mortality rate was more than 80%[1,2].The advent of liver transplantation revolutionized the outcome of FHF[3,4].However,many patients were unwilling to accept liver transplantation until very late,hence most of them died because of donor shortage and urgency of the disease[5-7],To overcome he problems,we performed orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)in combination with artificial liver support(ALS) in the treatment of FHF in the past 2 years with satisfactory results.Our experience was reported below.展开更多
Heat shock protein (HSP) is a kind of protein that mainly acts as a molecular chaperone to participate in the synthesis and folding of proteins, maintain the spatial conformation of proteins and protect cells from dam...Heat shock protein (HSP) is a kind of protein that mainly acts as a molecular chaperone to participate in the synthesis and folding of proteins, maintain the spatial conformation of proteins and protect cells from damage and other important biological functions. HSP90 plays an important role in maintaining molecular chaperone structure, regulating cell cycle and apoptosis, coordinating hormone signal transduction and promoting wound healing. And HSP90 also plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of tumors. In recent years, HSP90 inhibitors have made some achievements in molecular targeted therapy for malignant tumors, but further research is needed in clinical application. In this paper, the research status of the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma targeted by heat shock protein 90 was reviewed.展开更多
To demonstrate the distribution and expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the liver, five kinds of HSPs, namely HSP70, HSP72, HSP86, HSP90 and HSP27 were determined after a long distance transport using immunohi...To demonstrate the distribution and expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the liver, five kinds of HSPs, namely HSP70, HSP72, HSP86, HSP90 and HSP27 were determined after a long distance transport using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. All five HSPs were regularly detected in the liver of both the transported and the control group. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic labeling was present in hepatic cells; however, localization of HSPs was quite different in hepatocytes. The majority of HSP70, HSP72 and HSP27 appeared to predominate in cytoplasm of the hepatocytes. Nuclear signals of HSP90 and HSP86 were most prominent in hepatocytes in which immunostaining in the cytoplasm was relatively weak compared with that in the nucleus. There was subjectively lower staining in the edge of hepatic labule, and lower numbers of HSPs labeled hepatic cells corresponded to light microscopic lesions. The obvious inductions of some HSPs were detected in the liver, especially the HSP90(P<0.01) which belongs to the HSP90 family. However, the obvious reductions of HSP86(P<0.05), which belong to the HSP90 family, and HSP27 (P <0.05), which belong to small families, were detected in stressed pig liver after six hours of long distance transportation.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a strategy to reduce ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The protective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on liver I/R injury is not clear. This study aimed ...BACKGROUND: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a strategy to reduce ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The protective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on liver I/R injury is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the roles of RIPC in liver I/R in fatty liver rats and the involvement of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide (eNOS-NO) pathway and microRNA expressions in this process. METHODS: A total of 32 fatty rats were randomly divided into the sham group, I/R group, RIPC group and RIPC+I/R group. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe histological changes of liver tissues, TUNEL to detect hepatocyte apoptosis, and immunohistochemistry assay to detect heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression. Western blotting was used to detect liver inducible NOS (iNOS) and eNOS protein levels and realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect miR-34a, miR-122 and miR-27b expressions. RESULTS: Compared with the sham and RIPC groups, serum ALT, AST and iNOS in liver tissue were significantly higher in other two groups, while serum NO and eNOS in liver tissue were lower, and varying degrees of edema, degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration were found. Cell apoptosis number was slightly lower in the RIPC+I/R group than that in I/R group. Compared with the sham group, HSP70 expressions were significantly increased in other three groups (all P<0.05). Compared with the sham and RIPC groups, elevated miR-34a expressions were found in I/R and RIPC+I/R groups (P<0.05). MiR-122 and miR-27b were found significantly decreased in I/R and RIPC+I/R groups compared with the sham and RIPC groups (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: RIPC can reduce fatty liver I/R injury by affecting the eNOS-NO pathway and liver microRNA expressions.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Project(82305037)Guiding Project for Innovative Clinical Medical Technology in Hunan Province(2021SK50809)Scientific Research Project of Hunan Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(D2022053).
文摘Objective To explore the metabolic differences between dry eye patients with Qi-Yin defi-ciency and heat stagnation in liver meridian patterns,and clarify their metabolic characteris-tics.Methods Patients with dry eye who were treated in the Ophthalmology Ward and Outpatient Department of the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from October 1,2020,to October 30,2021 were enrolled as the research participants in the study.They were assigned to two groups based on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types:heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern group and Qi-Yin deficiency pattern group.Healthy vol-unteers who underwent health check-ups in the Health Management Department were in-cluded as healthy group following the random number table method.The tears of the pa-tients and the healthy volunteer participants were tested by high-performance liquid chro-matography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).The differential metabolites were screened out by multivariate statistical analysis,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment was performed on the differential metabolites.Finally,the association analysis of differential proteins and metabolites was conducted to verify and supplement the metabolites.Results A total of 32 dry eye patients were enrolled,including 16 cases with heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern and 16 cases with Qi-Yin deficiency pattern.Fourteen healthy volun-teers were included as healthy group.There were no significant differences in baseline char-acteristics among the three groups(P>0.05).A total of 412 biomarkers were determined in Qi-Yin deficiency pattern group,mainly including lipids,lipid-like molecules,organic acids and their derivatives,organic heterocyclic compounds,and nucleosides and their analogues.For heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern group,112 metabolites were determined,main-ly including organic acids and their derivatives,lipids,and lipid-like molecules.The KEGG enrichment results of pathways and the relative content analysis of differential markers de-monstrate that purine metabolism and caffeine metabolism pathways are common metabol-ic characteristics of all dry eyes.Among them,deoxyinosine monophosphate(dIMP)and 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospha-D-ribosyl)acetamidine can serve as their biomarkers.The main characteristics of Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome pattern were the significant enhancement of metabolic pathways such as lysine degradation,ovarian steroidogenesis,cholesterol metabolism,pyrimidine metabolism,and bile secretion(P<0.05).Dry eye associated with the heat stagnation in liver meridian pattern is mainly characterized by inhibition of the valine,leucine,and isoleucine biosynthesis pathways(P<0.05).Conclusion Metabolomics can be used as an effective basis for TCM syndrome classification.Different patterns of dry eye syndrome exhibit typical characteristics in the types and concen-trations of metabolites,which correspond to the syndrome classification in TCM.This study initially confirms the rationality of TCM syndrome classification and provides significant ref-erence for the mechanism of dry eye and drug development.
文摘Objective: To study the synthesis of heat shock pro- tein 70 (HSP70) by zinc ( ZnSO_4) and its protective effect during cold preservation in rat liver by estab- lishment of a simple cold preservation model. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n =6): control group untreated before operation; Zn- 1, Zn-2, and Zn-3 groups treated before operation with zinc sulfate (Zn^(2+) 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 15 mg/ kg respectively); H group treated with heat shock (42.5 ℃×15 min). The livers of the rats were pre- served in UW solution for 6, 12, 24 hours. The re- sults of heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis were ana- lyzed with Western blot. The aspartate aminotrans- ferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) values of perfusion and histological findings were evaluated. Results: A great amount of HSPs was synthesized af- ter pretreatment with zinc and heat shock. The AST and LDH values of the Zn-1, Zn-2 and H groups were significantly lower than those of the C group (P <0.05). But the value of the Zn-3 group was much higher. Histologically, mild injury was observed in the Zn-1, Zn-2 and H groups, but severe injury in the Zn-3 group. Conclusions: Zn^(2+), as a potent and feasible inducer of HSP expression, is able to protect the liver for cold preservation. Proper induction dosage of Zn^(2+) ranges from 5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, and Zn^(2+) 15 mg/ kg could not be a stress conditioning factor for its ad- verse effect on rat liver.
文摘Objective: To analyse the clinical features and prognosisof liver injury caused by heat stroke.Methods: The clinical data of 10 patients with severe liverinjury caused by heat stroke were analysed retrospective-ly.Results: In 4 patients the level of ALT was over 1000 U/L, in 3 patients ranged from 300 to 1000 U/L, and in 3patients 50-300 U/L. The level of TBIL in 2 patientswas over 400 μmol/L and in 5 varied from 20 to 75μmol/L. Two patients showed jaundice and petechia on
基金supported by the State Key Project on Infection Disease of China (Grant No.2018ZX10723204-003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81502530, 81874149, 81572427, 81874189)
文摘Objective: Incomplete radiofrequency ablation(ICR) has been proposed as a major cause of recurrence in the treatment of hepatic metastatic tumors.We tried to determine the mechanisms of this progression in colorectal cancer(CRC) liver metastasis(CRLMs)Methods: We have established a mouse model of radiofrequency ablation(RFA) therapy to demonstrate increased risk of recurrence of CRLMs with ICR.Here we focused on heat shock-induced CRC malignancy.Sub-lethal heat shock(HS) in CRC cell lines provoked cell growth, invasion, and tumor initiation in vitro and in vivo.Results: We found that Fra-1, which lies downstream of PKCα-ERK1/2 signaling, was significantly increased by HS compared with the untreated CRC cells.Silencing Fra-1 reversed the tumor promoting effects of HS.Furthermore, proliferation and tumor initiation inducer c-Myc, together with tumor invasion inducer matrix-metalloprotase 1(MMP-1) expression were up-regulated by AP-1/Fra-1 induced genes transcription.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that ICR generated HS induces CRC malignancy by targeting Fra-1, which could be a potential prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent disease recurrence after radiofrequency ablation treatment.
基金This work was supported partly by Grant 90089102 from the Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Education,Japan
文摘INTRODUCTIONFrom the technical aspect of liver surgery ,control of bleeding during hepatic parenchymal resection is one of the most important procedures in hepatectomy .Pringle,s maneuver ,a temporary cross-clamping of the hepatoduodnal ligament ,has often been used for this purpose[1],This is the simplest and userul technique to reduce intraoperative blood loss .
基金China-France Scientific end Technical Cooperation (No.1996-134)Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Henan Province
文摘INTRODUCTIONOnly the liver has the great capability ofregeneration in mammal.Few hepatocytes are inthe phase of division in the normal liver of an adultmammal (including human beings),but theremaining hepatocytes can be induced to proliferatequickly by partial hepatectomy (PH),and,to somedegree,they stop dividing and re-differentiate intocells functioning as hepatocytes.This shows
基金Supported by the Foundation for Polish Science(FNP)with START stipend,No.START 032.2018
文摘BACKGROUND The growing popularity of marathon and half-marathon runs has led to an increased number of patients presenting with exertion-induced heat stroke. Mild hepatic involvement is often observed in these patients;however, fulminant liver failure may occur in approximately 5% of all cases. Liver transplantation is a potentially curative approach for exertion-induced liver failure, although there is a lack of consensus regarding the criteria and optimal timing of this intervention. CASE SUMMARY This paper describes 5 patients (4 men and 1 woman) who were referred to the department where this study was performed with the diagnosis of exertioninduced acute liver failure. Three patients underwent liver transplantation, 1 recovered spontaneously, and 1 patient died on day 11 following the exertion. CONCLUSION Exertion-induced heat stroke may present as fulminant liver failure. These patients may recover with conservative treatment, may require liver transplantation, or may die. No definitive criteria are available to determine patient suitability for a conservative vs surgical approach.
基金the grant of key Clinical Programme of China Ministry Public Health,No.97040230
文摘INTRODUCTIONFulminant hepatic failure(FHF)is a severe disease with devastating consequences;the incidence is high in China.Before the availability of liver transplantation,the mortality rate was more than 80%[1,2].The advent of liver transplantation revolutionized the outcome of FHF[3,4].However,many patients were unwilling to accept liver transplantation until very late,hence most of them died because of donor shortage and urgency of the disease[5-7],To overcome he problems,we performed orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)in combination with artificial liver support(ALS) in the treatment of FHF in the past 2 years with satisfactory results.Our experience was reported below.
文摘Heat shock protein (HSP) is a kind of protein that mainly acts as a molecular chaperone to participate in the synthesis and folding of proteins, maintain the spatial conformation of proteins and protect cells from damage and other important biological functions. HSP90 plays an important role in maintaining molecular chaperone structure, regulating cell cycle and apoptosis, coordinating hormone signal transduction and promoting wound healing. And HSP90 also plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of tumors. In recent years, HSP90 inhibitors have made some achievements in molecular targeted therapy for malignant tumors, but further research is needed in clinical application. In this paper, the research status of the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma targeted by heat shock protein 90 was reviewed.
文摘To demonstrate the distribution and expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the liver, five kinds of HSPs, namely HSP70, HSP72, HSP86, HSP90 and HSP27 were determined after a long distance transport using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. All five HSPs were regularly detected in the liver of both the transported and the control group. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic labeling was present in hepatic cells; however, localization of HSPs was quite different in hepatocytes. The majority of HSP70, HSP72 and HSP27 appeared to predominate in cytoplasm of the hepatocytes. Nuclear signals of HSP90 and HSP86 were most prominent in hepatocytes in which immunostaining in the cytoplasm was relatively weak compared with that in the nucleus. There was subjectively lower staining in the edge of hepatic labule, and lower numbers of HSPs labeled hepatic cells corresponded to light microscopic lesions. The obvious inductions of some HSPs were detected in the liver, especially the HSP90(P<0.01) which belongs to the HSP90 family. However, the obvious reductions of HSP86(P<0.05), which belong to the HSP90 family, and HSP27 (P <0.05), which belong to small families, were detected in stressed pig liver after six hours of long distance transportation.
基金supported by a grant from 2013 Applied Basic Research of Changzhou Bureau of Science and Technology(CJ20130044)
文摘BACKGROUND: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a strategy to reduce ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The protective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on liver I/R injury is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the roles of RIPC in liver I/R in fatty liver rats and the involvement of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide (eNOS-NO) pathway and microRNA expressions in this process. METHODS: A total of 32 fatty rats were randomly divided into the sham group, I/R group, RIPC group and RIPC+I/R group. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe histological changes of liver tissues, TUNEL to detect hepatocyte apoptosis, and immunohistochemistry assay to detect heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression. Western blotting was used to detect liver inducible NOS (iNOS) and eNOS protein levels and realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect miR-34a, miR-122 and miR-27b expressions. RESULTS: Compared with the sham and RIPC groups, serum ALT, AST and iNOS in liver tissue were significantly higher in other two groups, while serum NO and eNOS in liver tissue were lower, and varying degrees of edema, degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration were found. Cell apoptosis number was slightly lower in the RIPC+I/R group than that in I/R group. Compared with the sham group, HSP70 expressions were significantly increased in other three groups (all P<0.05). Compared with the sham and RIPC groups, elevated miR-34a expressions were found in I/R and RIPC+I/R groups (P<0.05). MiR-122 and miR-27b were found significantly decreased in I/R and RIPC+I/R groups compared with the sham and RIPC groups (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: RIPC can reduce fatty liver I/R injury by affecting the eNOS-NO pathway and liver microRNA expressions.
