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Simulation and Experimental Design of Load Adaptive Braking System on Two Wheeler
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作者 Ramanjaneyulu Kolla Vinayagasundaram Ganesh +1 位作者 Rajendran Sakthivel Arumugam Kumar Boobalasenthilraj 《Computer Systems Science & Engineering》 SCIE EI 2023年第6期3115-3134,共20页
The braking quality is considered the main execution of the adaptive control framework that impacts the vehicle safety and rides solace astoundingly notably the stopping distance.This research work aims to create a pa... The braking quality is considered the main execution of the adaptive control framework that impacts the vehicle safety and rides solace astoundingly notably the stopping distance.This research work aims to create a pattern and design of an electromechanically adjusted lever that multiplies the applied braking force depending on the inputs given by the sensors to reduce the stopping distance of the vehicle.It is carried out using two main parts of the two-wheeler vehicle:thefirst part deals with the detection of load acting on the vehicle and identifying the required braking force to be applied,and the second part deals with the micro-controller which activates the stepper motor for varying the mechanical leverage ratio from various loads on the vehicle using two actively movable wedges.The electromechanically operated variable braking force system is developed to actuate the braking system based on the load on the motorcycle.The MATLAB simulation and experimental work are carried out for various loading(driver and pillion)conditions on a two-wheeler.The results indicate that the proposed electronically operated braking system is more effective than the conventional braking system for various loads and vehicle speeds.Specifically,the stopping distance of the vehicle is decreased significantly by about 4.9%between the con-ventional braking system and the simulated proposed system.Further,the experi-mental results show that the stopping distance is condensed by about 4.1%.The validation between simulated and experimental results revealed a great deal with the least error percentage of about 0.8%. 展开更多
关键词 load adaptive braking system load transfer effect minimal stopping distance variable mechanical leverage ratio
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Load adaptive start-up scheme for synchronous boost DC–DC converter 被引量:1
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作者 代国定 修文梁 +2 位作者 刘跃智 亓娅魏 董祖奇 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2016年第10期75-81,共7页
This paper presents a load adaptive soft-start scheme through which the inductor current of the synchronous boost DC-DC converter can trace the load current at the start-up stage. This scheme effectively eliminates th... This paper presents a load adaptive soft-start scheme through which the inductor current of the synchronous boost DC-DC converter can trace the load current at the start-up stage. This scheme effectively eliminates the inrush-current and over-shoot voltage and improves the load capability of the converter. According to the output voltage, the start-up process is divided into three phases and at each phase the inductor current is limited to match the load. In the precharge phase, a step-increasing constant current gives a smooth rise of the output voltage which avoids inrush current and ensures the converter successfully starts up at different load situations. An additional ring oscillator operation phase enables the converter to start up as low as 1.4 V. When the converter enters into the system loop soft-start phase, an output voltage and inductor current detection methods make the transition of the phases smooth and the inductor current and output voltage rise steadily. Effective protection circuits such as short-circuit protection, current limit circuit and over-temperature protection circuit are designed to guarantee the safety and reliability of the chip during the start-up process. The proposed start-up circuit is implemented in a synchronous boost DC-DC converter based on TSMC 0.35μm CMOS process with an input voltage range 1.4-4.2 V, and a steady output voltage 5 V, and the switching frequency is 1 MHz. Simulation results show that inrush current and overshoot voltage are suppressed with a load range from 0-2.1 A, and inductor current is as low as 259 mA when the output shorts to the ground. 展开更多
关键词 load adaptive soft-start scheme synchronous boost DC-DC converter
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Adaptive bit and power loading algorithm with low complexity in MIMO-OFDM systems
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作者 Huo Yongqing Peng Qicong Shao Huaizong 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2008年第3期461-466,共6页
Two adaptive power and bit loading algorithms to maximize the throughput of MIMO-OFDM systems in frequency selective fading environment are proposed. The two algorithms allocate bit based on maximizing the overall thr... Two adaptive power and bit loading algorithms to maximize the throughput of MIMO-OFDM systems in frequency selective fading environment are proposed. The two algorithms allocate bit based on maximizing the overall throughput. One algorithm allocates power based on guaranteeing that the bit error rate (BER) of each sub-carrier and the total allocated power remain below a target BER threshold and a power threshold, respectively; another one allocates power based on guaranteeing that the mean BER of sub-carriers and the total allocated power remain below a target BER threshold and a power threshold, respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can achieve faster throughput with lower computational complexity, which indicates that the proposed algorithms are effective when compared to some existing algorithms. 展开更多
关键词 MIMO-OFDM adaptive loading THROUGHPUT BER.
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An adaptive load torque observer using hyperstability for PMSM servo system
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作者 高扬 Xu Dianguo 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2005年第4期387-391,共5页
An adaptive load torque observer is presented to compensate the torque ripple in PMSM servo system. A simple adaptive scheme is derived using Popov ' s hyperstability theory. The torque ripple detected by the observe... An adaptive load torque observer is presented to compensate the torque ripple in PMSM servo system. A simple adaptive scheme is derived using Popov ' s hyperstability theory. The torque ripple detected by the observer is compensated by a feed forwarding equivalent current which gives fast response. The noisy current information is exempt from the observer to avoid its deterioration to the quality of the observer. The speed measurement delay is considered by using observed speed sinee the instantaneous velocity can't be estimated precisely at low speed because of too few position pulses from the absolute encoder during one time interval. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the dynamic performance of PMSM servo system satisfyingly. 展开更多
关键词 adaptive load torque observer PMSM HYPERSTABILITY torque ripple
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Adaptive Bit Loading Scheme with Semi-Blind Channel Estimation for OFDMSystems
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作者 李颖 苏广川 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 2006年第2期206-210,共5页
An adaptive bit loading and power-allocation scheme is proposed in order to augment the performance of the system based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), which is based on the maximum power margi... An adaptive bit loading and power-allocation scheme is proposed in order to augment the performance of the system based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), which is based on the maximum power margin. Coinciding with the adaptive loading scheme, a semi-blind channel estimation algorithm using subspace decomposition method is proposed, which uses the information in the cyclic prefix. An initial channel state information is estimated by using the training sequences with the method of interpolation filtering. The proposed adaptive scheme is simulated on an OFDM wireless local area network(WLAN) system in a time-varying channel. The performance is compared to the constant loading scheme. 展开更多
关键词 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) adaptive bit loading semi-blind channel estimation subspace decomposition
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Adaptive Power and Bit Allocation in Multicarrier Systems
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作者 霍永青 彭启琮 邵怀宗 《Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China》 2007年第1期13-17,共5页
We present two adaptive power and bit allocation algorithms for multicarrier systems in a frequency selective fading environment. One algorithm allocstes bit based on maximizing the channel capacity, another allocates... We present two adaptive power and bit allocation algorithms for multicarrier systems in a frequency selective fading environment. One algorithm allocstes bit based on maximizing the channel capacity, another allocates bit based on minimizing the bit-error-rate (BER). Two algorithms allocate power based on minimizing the BER. Results show that the proposed algorithms are more effective than Fischer's algorithm at low average signal-to-noise ration (SNR). This indicates that our algorithms can achieve high spectral efficiency and high communication reliability during bad channel state. Results also denote the bit and power allocation of each algorithm and effects of the number of subcarriers on the BER performance. 展开更多
关键词 adaptive loading multicarrier modulation Rayleigh fading frequency selective
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Adaptive Under-Frequency Load Shedding 被引量:1
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作者 董名垂 卢展宏 黄志刚 《Tsinghua Science and Technology》 EI CAS 2008年第6期823-828,共6页
Under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) is used in the power industry to rescue systems facing extreme disturbances to avoid system collapse. Traditionally, many computations are repeated to seek the proper power syste... Under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) is used in the power industry to rescue systems facing extreme disturbances to avoid system collapse. Traditionally, many computations are repeated to seek the proper power system settings such that the UFLS provides the desired good performance for selected scenarios. An adaptive UFLS method based on the genetic algorithm was developed to automate the finding of optimal parameters to minimize the repetitive trial-error calculations. Simulations demonstrate that the method has better performance than previous schemes and reduces the time and effort of the repetitive simulations. 展开更多
关键词 under-frequency load shedding adaptive load shedding genetic algorithm
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A PRIORITY-BASED POLLING SCHEDULING ALGORITHM FOR ARBITRATION POLICY IN NETWORK ON CHIP 被引量:1
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作者 Bao Liyong Zhao Dongfeng Zhao Yifan 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2012年第1期120-127,共8页
A solution is imperatively expected to meet the efficient contention resolution schemes for managing simultaneous access requests to the communication resources on the Network on Chip (NoC). Based on the ideas of conf... A solution is imperatively expected to meet the efficient contention resolution schemes for managing simultaneous access requests to the communication resources on the Network on Chip (NoC). Based on the ideas of conflict-free transmission, priority-based service, and dynamic self-adaptation to loading, this paper presents a novel scheduling algorithm for Medium Access Control (MAC) in NoC with the researches of the communication structure features of 2D mesh. The algorithm gives priority to guarantee the Quality of Service (QoS) for local input port as well as dynamic adjustment of the performance of the other ports along with input load change. The theoretical model of this algorithm is established with Markov chain and probability generating function. Mathematical analysis is made on the mean queue length and the mean inquiry cyclic time of the system. Simulated experiments are conducted to test the accuracy of the model. It turns out that the findings from theoretical analysis correspond well with those from simulated experiments. Further more, the analytical findings of the system performance demonstrate that the algorithm enables effectively strengthen the fairness and stability of data transmissions in NoC. 展开更多
关键词 Network on Chip(NoC) Arbitration policies Priority-based polling Dynamic load adaptation
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Adaptive Subband Bit and Power Loading Algorithm and its Application to OFDM Based IEEE 802 .16e 被引量:1
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作者 GAO Huan-qin FENG Guang-zeng ZHU Qi 《The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications》 EI CSCD 2005年第2期35-39,45,共6页
For OFDM systems with hundreds or thousands subcarriers with the adaptive bit and power loading according to each subcarrier , the signaling overhead will be awfully large. However, the adaptive bit and power loading ... For OFDM systems with hundreds or thousands subcarriers with the adaptive bit and power loading according to each subcarrier , the signaling overhead will be awfully large. However, the adaptive bit and power loading according to “subband” is an effective solution to this problem, with which the signaling overhead is expected to be dramatically decreased at the cost of some performance loss. In this paper, based on Ref . [5] but with some modification to the subband bit and power loading algorithm, we apply the algorithm to the IEEE 802.16e OFDM system. The results show that the modified subband bit and power loading algorithm can achieve better BER performance and the signaling overhead is reduced by 75% at the cost of performance loss less than 1 dB if the number of subcarriers per subband is 4 when the BER is around 10^-3. 展开更多
关键词 SUBBAND adaptive bit and power loading IEEE 802.16e OFDM
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Improving network service performance and reliability via links trunking technologies
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作者 GUO Hui WANG Yun-peng +1 位作者 WANG Zhi-guang ZHOU Jing-li 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第6期1001-1007,共7页
With the increase of high-speed network backbones, the performance of server’s network interface gradually becomes a pivotal factor. This study provides a method called Ethernet Links Trunking (ELT) technology for ac... With the increase of high-speed network backbones, the performance of server’s network interface gradually becomes a pivotal factor. This study provides a method called Ethernet Links Trunking (ELT) technology for achieving efficient connec-tivity between backbones and servers, which provides higher bandwidth and availability of server network interface. The overview of the ELT technology and the results of performance experiment are presented in this paper. Findings showed that the network bandwidth can be scaled by multiple ELT technologies so that more reliable network connectivity can be guaranteed. Some crucial techniques such as Adapter Load Balancing (ALB) and Adapter Fault Tolerance (AFT) are presented in this paper. Experimental results showed that parallel channels of Fast Ethernet are both necessary and sufficient for supporting the data rates of multiple concurrent file transfers on file server. 展开更多
关键词 Ethernet links aggregation High-speed network Network performance Network availability Adapter load balancing (ALB). Adapter fault tolerance (AFT)
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Adaptive Fuzzy Torque Control of Passive Torque Servo Systems Based on Small Gain Theorem and Input-to-state Stability 被引量:11
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作者 WANG Xingjian WANG Shaoping ZHAO Pan 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第6期906-916,共11页
Passive torque servo system (PTSS) simulates aerodynamic load and exerts the load on actuation system, but PTSS endures position coupling disturbance from active motion of actuation system, and this inherent disturb... Passive torque servo system (PTSS) simulates aerodynamic load and exerts the load on actuation system, but PTSS endures position coupling disturbance from active motion of actuation system, and this inherent disturbance is called extra torque. The most important issue for PTSS controller design is how to eliminate the influence of extra torque. Using backstepping technique, adaptive fuzzy torque control (AFTC) algorithm is proposed for PTSS in this paper, which reflects the essential characteristics of PTSS and guarantees transient tracking performance as well as final tracking accuracy. Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy logic system is utilized to compensate parametric uncertainties and unstructured uncertainties. The output velocity of actuator identified model is introduced into AFTC aiming to eliminate extra torque. The closed-loop stability is studied using small gain theorem and the control system is proved to be semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded. The proposed AFTC algorithm is applied to an electric load simulator (ELS), and the comparative experimental results indicate that AFTC controller is effective for PTSS. 展开更多
关键词 flight simulation adaptive control fuzzy control passive torque servo system electric load simulator extra torque small gain theorem input-to-state stability
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