由于用户级综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的多元负荷序列之间复杂的耦合关系及易受外部因素影响等原因,综合能源系统多元负荷的精准预测面临很大困难。为此,提出一种基于Spearman相关性分析阈值寻优(threshold optimizati...由于用户级综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的多元负荷序列之间复杂的耦合关系及易受外部因素影响等原因,综合能源系统多元负荷的精准预测面临很大困难。为此,提出一种基于Spearman相关性分析阈值寻优(threshold optimization,TO)和变分模态分解结合长短期记忆网络(variational mode decomposition based long short-term memory network,VMD-LSTM)的多元负荷预测方法。首先,使用斯皮尔曼等级(Spearman rank,SR)相关系数定量计算多元负荷间以及负荷与其他气候因素间的相关关系并通过循环寻优确定最优相关阈值,然后采用VMD算法将以最优阈值筛选出的负荷特征序列分解成更简单、平稳、有规律性的本征模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)后与最优气象特征一起输入LSTM模型进行负荷预测。通过某用户级IES的实际数据对所提方法的有效性进行了验证,结果表明,所提方法能有效提高IES的多元负荷预测精度。展开更多
The purpose of this study was to compare the ventilatory threshold (VT) between treadmill walking against a horizontal impeding force (horizontal load walking) and a cycle ergometer exercise. Seven adult men volunteer...The purpose of this study was to compare the ventilatory threshold (VT) between treadmill walking against a horizontal impeding force (horizontal load walking) and a cycle ergometer exercise. Seven adult men volunteered to participate in this study. They performed horizontal load walking (velocity: 1.11 m/s) and a cycle ergometer exercise (pedaling frequency: 60 rpm), with loads imposed using a ramp slope technique. Oxygen uptake at the VT during horizontal load walking was greater than that during a cycle ergometer exercise展开更多
Large-module rack of the Three Gorges shiplift is manufactured by casting and machining, which is unable to avoid slag inclusions and surface cracks. To ensure its safety in the future service, studying on crack propa...Large-module rack of the Three Gorges shiplift is manufactured by casting and machining, which is unable to avoid slag inclusions and surface cracks. To ensure its safety in the future service, studying on crack propagation rule and the residual life estimation method of large-module rack is of great significance. The possible crack distribution forms of the rack in the Three Gorges shiplift were studied. By applying moving load on the model in FRANC3 D and ANSYS, quantitative analyses of interference effects on double cracks in both collinear and offset conditions were conducted. The variation rule of the stress intensity factor(SIF) influence factor, RK, of double collinear cracks changing with crack spacing ratio, RS, was researched. The horizontal and vertical crack spacing threshold of double cracks within the design life of the shiplift were obtained, which are 24 and 4 times as large as half of initial crack length, c0, respectively. The crack growth rates along the length and depth directions in the process of coalescence on double collinear cracks were also studied.展开更多
Tackling the problems of underground water storage in collieries in arid regions requires knowledge of the effect of water intrusion and loading rate on the mechanical properties of and crack development in coal–rock...Tackling the problems of underground water storage in collieries in arid regions requires knowledge of the effect of water intrusion and loading rate on the mechanical properties of and crack development in coal–rock combinations. Fifty-four coal–rock combinations were prepared and split equally into groups containing different moisture contents(dry, natural moisture and saturated) to conduct acoustic emission testing under uniaxial compression with loading rates ranging from 0.1 mm/min to 0.6 mm/min. The results show that the peak stress and strength-softening modulus, elastic modulus, strain-softening modulus, and post-peak modulus partly decrease with increasing moisture content and loading rate. In contrast, peak strain increases with increasing moisture content and fluctuates with rising loading rate. More significantly, the relationship between stiffness and stress, combined with accumulated counts of acoustic emission, can be used to precisely predict all phases of crack propagation. This is helpful in studying the impact of moisture content and loading rate on crack propagation and accurately calculating mechanical properties. We also determined that the stress thresholds of crack closure, crack initiation, and crack damage do not vary with changes of moisture content and loading rate, constituting 15.22%, 32.20%, and 80.98% of peak stress, respectively. These outcomes assist in developing approaches to water storage in coal mines, determining the necessary width of waterproof coal–rock pillars, and methods of supporting water-enriched roadways, while also advances understanding the mechanical properties of coal–rock combinations and laws of crack propagation.展开更多
文摘由于用户级综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的多元负荷序列之间复杂的耦合关系及易受外部因素影响等原因,综合能源系统多元负荷的精准预测面临很大困难。为此,提出一种基于Spearman相关性分析阈值寻优(threshold optimization,TO)和变分模态分解结合长短期记忆网络(variational mode decomposition based long short-term memory network,VMD-LSTM)的多元负荷预测方法。首先,使用斯皮尔曼等级(Spearman rank,SR)相关系数定量计算多元负荷间以及负荷与其他气候因素间的相关关系并通过循环寻优确定最优相关阈值,然后采用VMD算法将以最优阈值筛选出的负荷特征序列分解成更简单、平稳、有规律性的本征模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)后与最优气象特征一起输入LSTM模型进行负荷预测。通过某用户级IES的实际数据对所提方法的有效性进行了验证,结果表明,所提方法能有效提高IES的多元负荷预测精度。
文摘The purpose of this study was to compare the ventilatory threshold (VT) between treadmill walking against a horizontal impeding force (horizontal load walking) and a cycle ergometer exercise. Seven adult men volunteered to participate in this study. They performed horizontal load walking (velocity: 1.11 m/s) and a cycle ergometer exercise (pedaling frequency: 60 rpm), with loads imposed using a ramp slope technique. Oxygen uptake at the VT during horizontal load walking was greater than that during a cycle ergometer exercise
基金Project(0722018)supported by the China Three Gorges CorporationProject(2012KJX01)supported by the Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design&Maintenance,China
文摘Large-module rack of the Three Gorges shiplift is manufactured by casting and machining, which is unable to avoid slag inclusions and surface cracks. To ensure its safety in the future service, studying on crack propagation rule and the residual life estimation method of large-module rack is of great significance. The possible crack distribution forms of the rack in the Three Gorges shiplift were studied. By applying moving load on the model in FRANC3 D and ANSYS, quantitative analyses of interference effects on double cracks in both collinear and offset conditions were conducted. The variation rule of the stress intensity factor(SIF) influence factor, RK, of double collinear cracks changing with crack spacing ratio, RS, was researched. The horizontal and vertical crack spacing threshold of double cracks within the design life of the shiplift were obtained, which are 24 and 4 times as large as half of initial crack length, c0, respectively. The crack growth rates along the length and depth directions in the process of coalescence on double collinear cracks were also studied.
基金Project(2014QNB31)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProjects(51674248)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China
文摘Tackling the problems of underground water storage in collieries in arid regions requires knowledge of the effect of water intrusion and loading rate on the mechanical properties of and crack development in coal–rock combinations. Fifty-four coal–rock combinations were prepared and split equally into groups containing different moisture contents(dry, natural moisture and saturated) to conduct acoustic emission testing under uniaxial compression with loading rates ranging from 0.1 mm/min to 0.6 mm/min. The results show that the peak stress and strength-softening modulus, elastic modulus, strain-softening modulus, and post-peak modulus partly decrease with increasing moisture content and loading rate. In contrast, peak strain increases with increasing moisture content and fluctuates with rising loading rate. More significantly, the relationship between stiffness and stress, combined with accumulated counts of acoustic emission, can be used to precisely predict all phases of crack propagation. This is helpful in studying the impact of moisture content and loading rate on crack propagation and accurately calculating mechanical properties. We also determined that the stress thresholds of crack closure, crack initiation, and crack damage do not vary with changes of moisture content and loading rate, constituting 15.22%, 32.20%, and 80.98% of peak stress, respectively. These outcomes assist in developing approaches to water storage in coal mines, determining the necessary width of waterproof coal–rock pillars, and methods of supporting water-enriched roadways, while also advances understanding the mechanical properties of coal–rock combinations and laws of crack propagation.
