Clinical Effectiveness of the Plate Screw Internal Fixation Technique in the Treatment of Patients with Traumatic Fractures of Long Bones in the Lower Extremities

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the plate screw internal fixation technique on the clinical outcomes of patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, 70 patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities were admitted to the hospital and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the observation group, each consisting of 35 cases. The control group underwent traditional closed interlocking intramedullary nailing, while the observation group received internal fixation with steel plates and screws. Relevant surgical indicators, treatment effectiveness, and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The observation group exhibited significantly short surgical duration (80.65 ± 5.01 vs. 88.36 ± 5.26 minutes), fracture healing time (13.27 ± 0.32 vs. 15.52 ± 0.48 weeks), and hospitalization days (10.49 ± 1.13 vs. 16.57 ± 1.15 days) compared to the control group (P = 0.000). The effective treatment rate was significantly higher in the observation group (29/82.86%) than in the control group (21/60.00%), with a significant difference observed (χ2 = 4.480, P = 0.034). Additionally, the complication rate in the observation group (2/5.71%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (8/22.86%), with a correlated difference (χ2 = 4.200, P = 0.040). Conclusion: The plate screw internal fixation technique demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in treating traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. It improves the healing rate, reduces complications, and represents a safe and effective treatment strategy worthy of widespread use and application.

Epidemiological and Clinical Pattern of Open Fractures of Long Bones of the Lower Limbs in the South-West Region of Cameroon: A 5-Year Review

Background: An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematoma communicates with the external environment. It is associated with significant morbidity and disability and is a challenge to the surgical team. The lower extremities are the most often exposed to traumatic injuries compared to other anatomical parts of the body. Patterns of open fractures differ with different mechanisms of injury and the segment of the long bone affected. The correct and timely management of open fractures is beneficial to the patients and leads to a more favorable outcome. This study aimed at describing the pattern of open fractures of long bones of the lower limb treated in 3 major hospitals of the south west region, Cameroon. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective review of files of patients with open fractures of long bones of the lower limb managed at the surgical units of three secondary health facilities in the South-West region of Cameroon from the 1st of January 2015 to the 31st of December 2019. The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded. The data was stored and analyzed using Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS version 23.0 respectively. Results: A total of 195 files of patients aged 8 to 80 years were studied. The main age group affected was between 20 - 40 years. There were 147 (75.4%) males and 48 (24.6%) females giving a sex-ratio of 3.1:1. The most common cause was road traffic crashes 142 (72.8%). In 98 cases (50.3%), the left side was more involved. The tibia was the most common long bone affected in 75 (38.5%) cases. Comminuted fracture was the most common fracture pattern encountered in 126 cases (64.6%). A total of 76 (39%) fractures were graded Gustilo-Anderson IIIA. External fixator was used in 112 cases (57.1%) and internal fixator in 86 cases (42.9%). We recorded 127 (65.1%) cases of wound infection and 143 (73.3%) cases of limb shortening as the most common complications. Other complications include: 20 cases (17.1%) of mal-union, 27 cases (22.5%) of delayed union, 18 cases (15.1%) of non-union and 50 cases (38.5%) chronic osteomyelitis. We recorded a mortality of 2.1%. Gustilo IIIB and IIIC were associated to chronic osteomyelitis (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Open fractures of long bones of the lower limb affect the active age group of the population and road traffic crashes are the most common causes. It tends to affect the left side and the tibia being the most fractured long bone. A reasonable proportion of these fractures subsequently get infected. Comminuted fracture is the common fracture pattern.

Virtual Reconstruction of Long Bone Fracture in Car-to-pedestrian Collisions Using Multi-body System and Finite Element Method

Lower limb injures are frequently observed in passenger car traffic accidents.Previous studies of the injuries focus on long bone fractures by using either cadaver component tests or simulations of the long bone kinematics,which lack in-depth study on the fractures in stress analysis.This paper aims to investigate lower limb impact biomechanics in real-world car to pedestrian accidents and to predict fractures of long bones in term of stress parameter for femur,tibia,and fibula.For the above purposes,a 3D finite element(FE) model of human body lower limb(HBM-LL) is developed based on human anatomy.The model consists of the pelvis,femur,tibia,fibula,patella,foot bones,primary tendons,knee joint capsule,meniscus,and ligaments.The FE model is validated by comparing the results from a lateral impact between simulations and tests with cadaver lower limb specimens.Two real-world accidents are selected from an in-depth accident database with detailed information about the accident scene,car impact speed,damage to the car,and pedestrian injuries.Multi-body system(MBS) models are used to reconstruct the kinematics of the pedestrians in the two accidents and the impact conditions are calculated for initial impact velocity and orientations of the car and pedestrian during the collision.The FE model is used to perform injury reconstructions and predict the fractures by using physical parameters,such as von Mises stress of long bones.The calculated failure level of the long bones is correlated with the injury outcomes observed from the two accident cases.The reconstruction result shows that the HBM-LL FE model has acceptable biofidelity and can be applied to predict the risk of long bone fractures.This study provides an efficient methodology to investigate the long bone fracture suffered from vehicle traffic collisions.

Fracture of Limbs Bones in a Town in Post Conflict (Case of Bukavu Town)

Background: Rapid urbanization and increasing fleet in low-income countries are the basis of the higher rate of trauma and fractures. In a post conflict environment, the abnormal movement of firearms and poverty from them may change the configuration’s epidemiological, anatomical and clinical fractures of the limbs bones as well as their care. Goal: To make an inventory on the fractures of the limb bones in Bukavu town, a town in post armed conflict. Method: This work is transversal, retrospective and descriptive on 500 fractures of the limbs bones recorded on a period of 3 months from 1st June to 31st August 2013. Twenty investigators went around different places of Bukavu town to interview and complete a research protocol ad hoc. In total, we recorded 500 subjects with 570 fractures of the limb bones. Results: The average age is 29.4 years old and 37% are male fractured. The main circumstances of occurrence of the fracture of the limbs bones are the falls (31.7%), firearms (22.2%) followed closely by road traffic accidents (21.9%). Students (38.6%) and the unemployed (29.4%) are most victims’ fractures of limb bones. The forearm bones (31.7%) and leg bones (27.2%) are most concerned, 52.2% fractured turned to modern medicine against 41.8% for traditional medicine. Conclusion: The fractures of the limbs bones in Bukavu mainly concern young male subjects. They occur with the waning of a fall and preferentially affect the bones of the forearm. Good governance would reduce the incidence of fractures of the limbs bones and their assessment.

The Effects of Bone Screw Configurations on the Interfragmentary Movement in a Long Bone Fixed by a Limited Contact Locking Compression Plate

The locking compression plates (LCP) are efficient tools in open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), especially in osteoporotic bones. Two important factors of screw density and screw position can affect the functionality of the bone plate. Several studies have assessed the influence of the screw configurations on the bone-plate stiffness, but the effects of screw positions on the interfragmentary strain, εIF of LCP construct have not been investigated yet. In this study, finite element method was used to investigate the influence of screws number and position on the interfragmentary strain of LCP-femur system for a mid-shaft fracture. Results of this study showed that by insertion of screws closer to the fracture site, εIF decreases by 2nd degree polynomial function versus screw position, but by adding the screws from the ends of the plate, or by moving and placing the screws towards the fracture site, the reduction of εIF will be linear. Results of this study were compared and are in agreement with some studies in the literature, even though their scope was mostly stability of the bone-implant system, whereas our scope was focused on the interfragmentary strain.

Waders(Scolopacidae)surviving despite malaligned leg fractures in the wild:kinematics of bipedal locomotion

Background: Bone fracture frequencies and survival rates are essential parameters in skeleton evolution, but information on the functional consequences of naturally healed fractures is scarce. No leg bone fracture healing in the wild has been reported so far from long-legged Charadriiformes(waders), which depend on bipedal locomotion for feeding.Methods: We documented a healed but malaligned tarsometatarsus fracture in a wild Willet(Tringa [Catoptrophorus]semipalmata), and a malaligned tibiotarsus fracture in a Curlew(Numenius arquata) skeleton from a museum collection. Functional consequences of the malalignments were evaluated by kinematic analyses of videos(Willet) and in silico 3D modeling(Curlew).Results: The Willet's left tarsometatarsus exhibited an angular malalignment of 70°, resulting in a limping gait that was less pronounced at high than at low walking speed. The bird seemed unable to club the toes of the left foot together, apparently a secondary effect of the deformity. The Curlew's tibiotarsus showed an angular and an axial malalignment, causing the foot to rotate outwards when the intertarsal joint was flexed. Despite the severe effects of their injuries, the birds had survived at least long enough for the fractures to heal completely.Conclusions: Somewhat unexpectedly, leg fractures are not necessarily fatal in long-legged waders, even if deformities occur in the healing process. Bipedal locomotion on vegetated grounds must have been impeded due to the bone malalignments in both analyzed cases. The birds probably alleviated the impact of their handicaps by shifting a larger proportion of their activities to vegetation-free habitats.

Bilateral Long Bone Fractures in a Patient with Sarcoid: A Case Report

Although there have been many reports of small bone and vertebral involvement in sarcoidosis, long bone pathology is rare. We report a case of almost identical bilateral fractures of the proximal femoral diaphysis during separated in time through a low-energy mode of injury, and explore the difficulties encountered when seeking radiological and tissue diagnosis.

Fat Embolism Syndrome in a Patient with Bilateral Tibial Fractures: Report of the Case and Review of the Literature

Background: Although the original clinical description of fat embolism syndrome (FES) dates from 1873, the condition remains a diagnostic challenge for modern clinicians. The syndrome is described as a serious consequence of fat emboli producing a distinct pattern of clinical symptoms and signs. It is mainly associated with fractures of the long-bones and the pelvis. The present paper describes the case of a trauma patient with bilateral tibial fractures that present the syndrome and highlights the importance of early identification and aggressive treatment of FES which is obligatory for the patient’s survival. Case Description: A 32 year-old man reached the hospital as a trauma call after a road traffic accident. Clinical examination was unremarkable with the only finding that the patient was unable to straight leg raise and weight bear. Both shins were painful and swollen at their middle third, while the left one was in varus and posterior displacement. Neurovascular status of both lower extremities was normal. Plain radiographic control (X-Rays) revealed an oblique right tibial fracture of the mid-shaft with a distal third fibular fracture and a comminuted fracture of the left tibia with a fracture of the fibula at the same level. The legs were immobilised on a splint and the decision was to treat the patient surgically. Within a few post admission hours the haemoglobin dropped by 2.9 mg/dL, however a source of active bleeding could not be allocated. The abdomen was soft and not tender in palpation and the central nervous system did not present any abnormalities. The following day the haemoglobin dropped but the new ultrasonography control did not reveal any free abdominal fluid. Both lower limbs were not compromised. The second post-injury day the patient went to theatre and the right tibia was stabilised with an antegrade nail (T2-Stryker) while the left one with an external fixation. During the reaming process the haemoglobin dropped to 7.1 gr/dL, so he was transfused with 3 blood units. Immediately after extubation, the patient desaturated on air and ABG values forced the anaesthetists to intubate him in recovery and place him in mechanical ventilation with high levels of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). Symptoms subsided rapidly and he was transferred to the IMU. Clinical image and CT scan were in favour of fat embolism syndrome. On the fifth post-operative day the patient was transferred back to ward and a week later he was discharged being completely free of symptoms. Clinical Relevance: Fat embolism syndrome is typically presented with the following triad: a) respiratory changes;b) neurologic abnormalities;c) petechial rash. These three constitute the major criteria described by Gurd and are pathognomonic for the condition. The patient—described in the present case report—developed progressively all those symptoms within the expected period of time. The FES is a well-known pathological condition that is well described in literature and should be familiar to those clinicians that manage trauma patients. Diagnosing the condition can be highly demanding since there are no laboratory investigations or radiographic imaging techniques specific for FES. Suspicion and diagnosis can be mainly placed based on the criteria described by Gurd, in 1970.

Vitamin D and Number of Falls in a Long-Term Care Facility

Falls represent a significant contribution to the morbidity and mortality of the elderly population. Because vitamin D is important in bone physiology, the use of vitamin D to restore deficient bone and ameliorate the effects of bone fractures due to falls has become a common practice in recent years. Following introduction of widespread use, reports began to emerge that vitamin D not only aided in repair of fall-induced bone fractures, but that it also reduced the occurrence of falls. Vitamin D now has become a routine intervention as a fall-prevention measure. Early analyses found evidence of prevention efficacy (reduced falls), but recent analyses are more equivocal. We retrospectively examined the records of 350 patients in a long-term care facility in which vitamin D administration and the number of falls were recorded as part of a comprehensive database of care. We found a dramatic rise in vitamin D use over the period covered (2006 – 2011) and a corresponding dramatic decrease in the number of falls. However, the number of falls continued to decline after 2008, despite a plateau in number of patients on vitamin D, particularly females. It appears that other factors contribute to the overall decline.

经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗四肢骨折的并发症发生率及临床效果分析

目的探究为四肢骨折患者提供经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗的并发症发生率及临床效果。方法选取2021年5月—2023年5月山东省寿光市人民医院收治的106例四肢骨折患者为研究对象,按随机数表法分为两组。对照组(53例)施以切开复位内固定治疗,研究组(53例)施以经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗,比较两组的治疗效果。结果研究组的治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的临床相关指标均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗前两组骨代谢指标相近,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗后,研究组的骨钙素、骨保护素水平高于对照组,胶原C端肽水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组的并发症总发生率(5.66%)低于对照组(18.87%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.296,P<0.05)。结论经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗四肢骨折的效果确切,可缩短术后恢复时间,减少并发症,安全性高。

过表达lncRNA HAGLR促胫骨骨折大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的机制研究

目的研究骨质疏松(OP)-胫骨骨折(TF)大鼠长链非编码RNA同源盒D基因簇反义生长相关长链非编码RNA(lncRNA HAGLR)与其下游靶基因的表达情况,并探讨lncRNA HAGLR对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)成骨分化的作用与机制。方法30只SD雌性大鼠随机分为sham组、OP组、OP-TF组,每组10只。ELISA法检测大鼠血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)的水平。对大鼠MSC细胞系R7500使用成骨分化诱导培养基进行诱导,并分为MSC组和成骨诱导组(Osteogenic-MSC组)。分别转染pcDNA-HAGLR、pcDNA-NC、miR-19a-3p的模拟物(miR-19a-3p mimic)、mimic的阴性对照(NC mimic)、miR-19a-3p的抑制剂(miR-19a-3p inhibitor)、miR-19a-3p inhibitor的阴性对照(NC inhibitor)至R7500后进行相应分组。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证lncRNA HAGLR和miR-19a-3p以及骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP2)和miR-19a-3p的靶向关系。qRT-PCR检测各组lncRNA HAGLR和miR-19a-3p的表达。Western blot检测BMP2、ALP、胶原蛋白I(COL-I)、骨钙素(OCN)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)的表达。ALP染色和AR染色检测MSC的成骨分化能力。结果OP组和OP-TF组的血清ALP和TRAP水平均高于sham组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而OP组与sham组胫骨组织中lncRNA HAGLR、miR-19a-3p、BMP2的表达水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而OP-TF组胫骨组织中lncRNA HAGLR、BMP2的表达水平均明显低于sham组和OP组(P<0.05),OP-TF组胫骨组织中miR-19a-3p的表达水平高于sham组和OP组(P<0.05)。与MSC组相比,Osteogenic-MSC组的lncRNA HAGLR表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),而miR-19a-3p的表达降低(P<0.05)。双荧光素酶报告基因实验表明lncRNA HAGLR与miR-19a-3p具有靶向关系,miR-19a-3p与BMP2具有靶向关系。pcDNA-HAGLR组的miR-19a-3p的表达水平低于pcDNA-NC组(P<0.05)。miR-19a-3p mimic组与NC mimic组的lncRNA HAGLR的表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与NC mimic组相比,miR-19a-3p mimic组BMP2的表达水平降低(P<0.05),miR-19a-3p表达水平升高(P<0.05)。pcDNA-HAGLR组细胞较pcDNA-NC组具有更强的成骨分化能力和更高的ALP活性(P<0.05)。miR-19a-3p inhibitor组细胞较NC inhibitor组具有更强的成骨分化能力和更高的ALP活性(P<0.05)。结论胫骨骨折大鼠lncRNA HAGLR和BMP2表达降低,miR-19a-3p表达增高。过表达lncRNA HAGLR通过靶向调控miR-19a-3p/BMP2轴促进大鼠MSC的成骨分化。

Impact of the fracture on low-order guided waves in long bone

Using ultrasonic guided waves to assess long bone fractures and fracture healing has become a promising diagnostic issue. But the multimode overlap of the guided waves challenges the quantitative evaluation and clinical application. In the preformed study, in order to simplify the signal interpretation, the low-frequency sinusoidial signals were used to only excite SO and A0 modes in fractured long bones. The amplitudes of SO and A0 modes were numerically analyzed with variation in crack width and fracture angle. Numerical simulation, based on the two-dimension finite-difference time-domain （2D-FDTD） reveals that both SO and A0 amplitudes decrease with the fracture widening. However, the increase in fracture angle gradually enhances the A0 amplitude, while with respect to the SO mode, its amplitude shows a non-monotonic trend to the variation in fracture angle with a turning point around 45°. The amplitude ratio between S0 and A0 can reflect the variations in crack width and fracture angles. The simulation illustrates that ultrasonic guided SO and A0 modes are sensitive to the degree of both vertical and oblique fractures in the long cortical bone. These findings may be helpful for fractures diagnosis and healing evaluation of the long bone.

血清总Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽和β-Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽联合检测对早期预测四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的临床价值

目的 探讨血清总Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)和β-Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽(β-CTX)联合检测对早期预测长骨骨折延迟愈合的临床价值。方法 测定156例四肢长骨骨折患者术后1、4、8、12周时的血清PINP和β-CTX水平,根据骨折愈合情况将患者分为延迟愈合组(30例)和正常愈合组(126例),比较两组的血清PINP和β-CTX水平。采用logistic回归分析四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的影响因素,并采用ROC曲线分析术后血清PINP和β-CTX联合检测对四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的早期预测效能。结果 两组骨折术后血清PINP和β-CTX水平呈升高趋势,在治疗后8周达高峰,随后下降。骨折术后4、8、12周时,延迟愈合组血清PINP和β-CTX水平均低于正常愈合组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,术后血清PINP和β-CTX水平是四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。ROC曲线显示,术后血清PINP和β-CTX联合检测预测长骨骨折延迟愈合的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.861(P <0.05)。结论 术后血清PINP和β-CTX水平与四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合密切相关,二者联合检测有助于早期预测四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合。

Orthofix重建外固定架治疗四肢长骨大段骨缺损围术期护理

目的总结应用Orthofix重建外固定架治疗四肢长骨大段骨缺损的围手术护理方法。方法对2012年1月~2015年1月本院收治的32例四肢长骨大段骨缺损病患者应用Orthofix重建外固定架治疗,并配合做好围术期护理工作。结果 32例患者外固定架固定时间8.50~18.20个月,平均（15.40±3.20）个月,骨搬运延长4~21 cm,平均（8.06±3.06）cm。骨搬运治疗效果：优31例,良1例。结论 Orthofix重建外固定架可有效治疗各种原因导致的伴有或不伴有软组织缺损的四肢大段骨缺损。护理方面术前注重做好患者心理指导和营养支持;术后做好患者骨搬运护理工作及功能锻炼指导,其是促进患者康复的重要因素。

益气活血汤联合艾灸治疗四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证疗效研究

目的:探讨益气活血汤联合艾灸对四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证患者的影响。方法:选取四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组60例,均连续治疗14 d。对照组接受常规康复治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合益气活血汤和艾灸治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后的中医证候积分、患肢功能恢复情况、患肢肿胀度、骨代谢状态、凝血功能及并发症发生率。结果:治疗后,观察组患者中医证候评分各项数值低于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组患者四肢功能恢复理想率高于对照组,观察组活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组骨碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶水平高于对照组,而Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后相关并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:益气活血汤联合艾灸治疗四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证可有效改善患肢功能恢复状况,加速抗凝血作用,促进术后患者恢复,减少相关并发症发生。

长骨骨不连的发病率及手术治疗研究进展

骨不连是骨折并发症之一,其发病部位及病因多样化,治疗方式也不完全相同。不同因素之间相互作用,使之成为临床骨科医师棘手的难题。多数骨不连发生在长骨骨折后,以锁骨、肱骨、前臂、股骨、胫骨为主。临床治疗中,存在多种手术方式可供选择。笔者就近年来长骨骨不连的发病率及手术治疗现状进行综述,旨在为骨不连手术治疗方法的进一步研究和应用提供参考依据。

股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)与骨水泥加长柄人工股骨头置换治疗IFOF的疗效

目的分析在治疗股骨粗隆间骨折(IFOF)中应用股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)与骨水泥加长柄人工股骨头置换治疗的效果。方法本次研究选取2017年1月—2018年12月期间收治的60例股骨粗隆间骨折患者作为本次研究对象,根据治疗方法的不同分为两组,各30例,其中对照组给予骨水泥加长柄人工股骨头置换治疗,观察组给予PFNA治疗,比较两组效果。结果两组患者手术情况对比,观察组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度方面对比,均优于对照组;而对照组患者在住院时间、下地负重行走时间方面对比,均优于观察组,两组患者手术情况比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间并发症发生情况比较,两组并发症发生率分别为16.7%、6.7%,其中观察组并发症发生率明显更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间术后各时间段髋关节功能评分对比,两组患者术后1个月、术后12个月这两个时间段的髋关节评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而两组患者术后3个月、术后6个月这两个时间段髋关节评分对比,对照组评分明显更高,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间术后半年生活质量评分对比,对照组在躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活状态四个维度方面的评分均比对照组高,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在治疗股骨粗隆间骨折中,股骨近端防旋髓内钉与骨水泥加长柄人工股骨头置换治疗都发挥着重要的作用,其中股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗具有手术时间短、创伤小、出血少的特点,而骨水泥加长柄人工股骨头置换治疗具有住院时间短、恢复快的特点。两种手术方法各有优势,所以在选择方面应该根据患者实际病情合理选择。

基于Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和羟基磷灰石的新型仿生人工骨膜修复材料在四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离骨块中的应用

目的观察基于Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和羟基磷灰石的新型仿生人工骨膜修复材料在四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离骨块中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月—2022年8月临朐县人民医院因外伤致四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离碎骨块的120例患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行骨折切开复位内固定治疗,根据患者是否同意术中使用人工骨膜修复材料进行分组研究,未使用者纳入对照组(n=54),使用骨膜修复材料者纳入观察组(n=66)。观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量;术后定期复查X线,进行为期1年的持续随访观察,记录并比较两组患者骨折愈合时间。结果120例患者均顺利完成手术,两组患者术中出血量、手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组平均骨折愈合时间长于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组骨折延迟愈合、骨折不愈合发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离骨块中的患者应用人工骨膜修复材可促进骨折的修复愈合,减少骨折延迟愈合及不愈合的发生。

改良分次骨水泥推注在骨质疏松性腰椎压缩性骨折内固定术中的应用效果

目的探讨改良分次骨水泥推注在骨质疏松性腰椎压缩性骨折内固定术中的应用效果。方法骨质疏松性腰椎压缩性骨折患者66例随机均分为对照组和研究组,两组均行经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定术及椎体成形术,其中对照组采取一次骨水泥注射椎体成形术、研究组采取改良分次骨水泥推注椎体成形术,术后均给与抗骨质疏松及抗感染等治疗,并随访6个月;记录两组患者手术耗时、骨水泥推注量及骨水泥渗漏发生情况,于术前、术后第3天及末次随访时视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估疼痛程度,对比伤椎椎体前缘高度及后凸Cobb角,用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评估患者的脊柱功能障碍程度。结果研究组患者手术耗时、骨水泥推注量与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组骨水泥渗漏率低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者术后第3天、末次随访时的VAS评分、ODI评分均低于术前(P<0.05),末次随访时VAS评分、ODI评分均较术后第3天降低(P<0.05);两组患者术后第3天、末次随访时伤椎椎体前缘高度均高于术前(P<0.05),后凸Cobb角均小于术前(P<0.05);两组间不同时间点的VAS评分、ODI评分、伤椎椎体前缘高度及后凸Cobb角比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与传统一次骨水泥注射比较,改良分次骨水泥推注椎体成形术骨水泥渗透发生率较低。

恒古骨伤愈合剂联合桃红四物汤治疗四肢骨折术后患者的效果

目的:观察恒古骨伤愈合剂联合桃红四物汤治疗四肢骨折术后患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年1月该院收治的76例四肢骨折术后患者的临床资料,按照治疗方法不同将其分为对照组37例和观察组39例。两组均行内固定术治疗,对照组术后予以桃红四物汤治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合恒古骨伤愈合剂治疗,两组均连续治疗1个月。比较两组临床疗效,肿胀消退时间,骨折愈合时间,治疗前后疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分、肢体运动功能[Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表(FMA)]评分、骨代谢指标[骨钙素(BGP)、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基末端肽(PⅠCP)、成纤维生长因子-2(FGF-2)]水平,以及不良反应发生率。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为94.87%(37/39),高于对照组的72.97%(27/37),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组肿胀消退时间、骨折愈合时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后3个月,观察组FMA评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组BGP、FGF-2水平均高于对照组,PⅠCP水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:恒古骨伤愈合剂联合桃红四物汤治疗四肢骨折术后患者可提高治疗总有效率和肢体运动功能评分,缩短肿胀消退时间和骨折愈合时间,改善骨代谢指标水平,降低疼痛评分,效果优于单纯桃红四物汤治疗。