Exploring the Long-Term Mechanism of the Construction of College Teachers’Ethics in the New Era Under the Concept of“Sanquan Education”

This paper takes the long-term mechanism exploration of the construction of teachers’ethics in the new era under the concept of“Sanquan education,”aiming to explore how to establish a long-term mechanism of the construction to meet the needs of college education development under the background of the new era.A series of targeted measures and suggestions are put forward,including improving the system and mechanism,strengthening the education and training of teachers’ethics,and establishing the evaluation and assessment mechanism.The implementation of these measures can promote the formation of the long-term mechanism of the construction of teachers’ethics in colleges and universities,improve teachers’ethics and behavior quality,and provide strong support for the development of education in colleges and universities.

Exercise-induced irisin in bone and systemic irisin administration reveal new regulatory mechanisms of bone metabolism

Irisin is a polypeptide hormone derived from the proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin-type III domain- containing 5 （FNDC5） protein. Once released to circulation upon exercise or cold exposure, irisin stimulates browning of white adipose tissue （WAT） and uncoupling protein I （UCP1） expression, leading to an increase in total body energy expenditure by augmented UCPl-mediated thermogenesis. It is currently unknown whether irisin is secreted by bone upon exercise or whether it regulates bone metabolism in vivo. In this study, we found that 2 weeks of voluntary wheel-running exercise induced high levels of FNDC5 messenger RNA as well as FNDC5/irisin protein expression in murine bone tissues. Increased immunoreactivity due to exercise-induced FNDC5/irisin expression was detected in different regions of exercised femoral bones, including growth plate, trabecular bone, cortical bone, articular cartilage, and bone-tendon interface. Exercise also increased expression of osteogenic markers in bone and that of UCP1 in WAT, and led to bodyweight loss. Irisin intraperitoneal （IP） administration resulted in increased trabecular and cortical bone thickness and osteoblasts numbers, and concurrently induced UCP1 expression in subcutaneous WAT. Lentiviral FNDC5 IP administration increased cortical bone thickness. In vitro studies in bone cells revealed irisin increases osteoblastogenesis and mineralization, and inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand （RANKL）- induced osteoclastogenesis. Taken together, our findings show that voluntary exercise increases irisin production in bone, and that an increase in circulating irisin levels enhances osteogenesis in mice.

Countermeasures for Establishing a Long-term Security Mechanism for Landless Farmers

In the process of urbanization,farmers will inevitably lose their land,which is resulted from the large-scale requisition of rural collective land.The imperfect social security system in rural areas has resulted in a large number of landless farmers being transformed into urban poor people.Therefore,proper resettlement of landless farmers and the establishment of a long-term security mechanism for ensuring the basic livelihood of landless farmers are important issues that need to be resolved in the process of China’s social and economic development.

Game analysis on Huaihe River anti-pollution administration mechanism and policy research

Based on the literature review of environmental anti-pollution researches, this paper analyzes the administra- tive mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution with game theory. Based on the quantitative analysis on three correspond- ing game models with four players including local residents, enterprises, local governments and competent authorities at higher levels, this paper demonstrates four main shortcomings of current administrative mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution system, including low emission cost, low connivance cost, overemphasis on heavy fine of the enterprises, neglect of the punishment on the local departments and intersected administrative mechanism. This paper sets up anti- pollution administrative mechanism, combining economic method with noneconomic method, government control with market mechanism, and introducing public participation. At last, this paper proposes policies, such as implementing emissions trading system, reforming public participation system, and reforming government’s environmental protection mechanism to promote law enforcement.

Evolution of Microstructure and Mechanical Property during Long-Term Aging in Udimet 720Li

Thermal stabilities of microstructure and mechanical property have been investigated on superalloy U720Li, which is of great interest of application for jet engine and land-based turbine disc. The results showed that, the primary and secondary gamma' particles maintain good thermal stability at 650 and 700 degreesC with aging time up to 3000 h, while the tertiary gamma' is apparently dependent on aging temperature and time. The tertiary gamma' particles undergo a procedure of coarsening, dissolution and eventually complete disappearance with the increasing of aging time and temperature. They exhibit unusual high sensibility upon aging temperature, which is attributed to the lattice misfit between the gamma' precipitates and the matrix in the alloy. The grain boundary phase M23C6 remains stable without forming of sigma phase even with aging time up to 3000 h at 700 degreesC. Microhardness decreases apparently with increasing aging time and aging temperature. Theoretical analysis based on dislocation mechanism indicates that the change of microhardness should be attributed to the evolution of the tertiary gamma' during aging.

Comprehensive analyses of initiation and failure mechanisms of the 2017 Xinmo catastrophic rockslide

The failure of the 2017 Xinmo catastrophic rockslide in Maoxian County, Sichuan, Southwest China was a combined effect of long-term and shortterm triggering factors. Field investigation, historical data collection, laboratory tests, chemical and microstructure analysis and numerical simulations were adopted herein to reveal the initiation and failure mechanism of the Xinmo rockslide. The analytical results showed that this failure involved the coupling of several triggering factors. The initial cracks in the rock mass were induced by historical earthquakes due to the convex topography and the direction effect. Rock masses from the source area of the Xinmo rockslide contain water-sensitive minerals, i.e., albite and chamosite, and the easily oxidized chemical element Fe, resulting in obvious strength deterioration under the action of water. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) experimental results indicated that the internal structure of the rock mass is conducive to weathering. The compressive and shear strengths of the rock mass were reduced due to freeze-thaw cycles and weathering. The antecedent rainfall further deteriorated the stability of the slope, and stress and deformation accumulated continually in the locked section. Finally, the locked section sheared out, and the slope failed. An entrainment effect was observed in the Xinmo rockslide due to the presence of old landslide deposits and the antecedent rainfall, resulting in an amplification of the catastrophic rockslide. A simplified three dimensional analysis model was established in this study to reveal the influence of the triggering factors on the failure mechanism of the Xinmo rockslide.

Economic Analysis of Port and PICC in Long-term Intravenous Administration for Malignant Tumor Patients in Chinese Oncology Hospital Setting

OBJECTIVE: To calculate and compare the cost of Port and PICC's application in long-term intravenous administration, and to support the decision making of hospital manager. METHODS: Literature review and patient survey in 2 oncology centers in China were carried out to investigate the cost and impact of Port and PICC for patients. The cost at different time of intravenous administration was calculated and compared. One-way sensitivity analysis was performed and tornado graph was drawn. RESULTS: Direct cost of Port at 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 years were7442, 8005, 8553, and 9131 CNY, and 4700, 9399, 14032, 18799 CNY for PICC respectively. Direct & indirect cost at 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 years were 9291, 11704, 14101, 16529 CNY for Port and 9697, 19393, 29023, 38787 CNY for PICC. Sensitivity analysis showed that productivity loss and device maintenance cost were the most in?uential factors to the result. CONCLUSION: Port had higher cost in short term and less in long term compared with PICC. Patients expected to get intravenous administration more than 0.5 year should use Port if both direct and indirect costs were included.

Measures for Administration of the Import of Mechanical and Electronic Products

The Measures for the Administration of the Import of Mechanical and Electronic' Products co-formulated by the Ministry of Commerce,the General Administration of Customs and the General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine,was hereby promul- gated,which entered into force as of May 1,2008.

Could Long-Term Stability Last Forever?

The subject of the present paper is to prove that the recently introduced conjecture of boundedness puts a ban over the view of stability as asymptotic property. This result comes in sharp contrast with the prescription of the traditional thermodynamics and statistical physics which consider the existence of equilibrium as asymptotic property of all systems. The difference commences from the use of infinitesimal calculus as the basic implement for modelling by the latter while the primary premise of the conjecture of boundedness is sustaining the energy/matter/information permanently bounded and finite. The latter property overrules the infinitesimal calculus as the major implement of modelling because, among all, it is proven that the traditional one suffers unsoluble difficulties.

新时代我国行政区划的制度设计、目标指向与优化策略

新时代在完善优化行政区划制度设计过程中,坚持发展与治理并重的新理念是认识前提,加强党对行政区划工作的集中统一领导是根本保障,持续推动法治建设是关键支撑,健全论证评估机制与方法是基本路径。在目标导向方面,应重点关注三项新课题:以优化基层行政区划为主要着力点,提升超大特大城市的资源承载能力;通过优化乡镇行政区划设置,推动以县城为重要载体的新型城镇化;通过优化收缩型城市和“小县”的行政区划设置,助推区域协同高质量发展。作为完成上述目标的保障机制,要在充分发挥党的全面领导、协调各方作用基础上强化党政部门协同,在明确价值导向前提下健全论证与评估体系,系统总结我国行政区划设置的历史经验,提升调整方案的明确性,减少调整的“后遗症”。

医院合理用药信息化建设创新实践

目的提高医院药事管理效能,促进临床合理用药。方法医院药学部以原有合理用药信息化系统知识库为基础,建立了以问题为导向的双联合工作机制,主要表现为信息药师针对临床药师事后点评发现的用药问题建立管控方案,编写管控规则,不断完善知识库,通过信息化在处方和医嘱前置审核环节进行管控。在此基础上,对重点项目(如门诊适应证、围术期抗菌药物、抗肿瘤药物管理等)建立系统管控方案。结果2020年至2022年,共改进、优化基础知识库规则5266项,建立了具备564项自定义规则的自定义知识库;实现合理用药信息化系统版本升级4次,系统创新与改进32项;门诊/住院次均药品费用增幅、门诊处方合理率、住院医嘱合理率、抗菌药物使用强度等药事管理指标改善明显。结论构建全面的合理用药监管体系,能有效提升医院药事管理水平与药学服务能力,促进临床合理用药水平的提升。

我国高校院系治理的演进、困境与进路探赜

院系治理是大学治理能否实现现代化的关键。在协调党政关系主基调下,我国高校院系治理大致历经了“探索初创期”、“调适定型期”和“提质增效期”等三个演进阶段。当前,我国院系治理面临领导体制不健全、制度体系不完备、运行机制不通畅、治理主体权责失衡、党组织功能“悬浮化”等瓶颈和困境。推动院系治理现代化,应在遮蔽与澄清、守正与创新的动态调适中科学规避“制度移植陷阱”,创造性地推进党委领导下的校长负责制向院系层面的制度移植。在实践中,明晰院系党政共同领导下的分工负责制、完善党政联席会议制度、构建党政学协商共治模式、充分发挥党组织功能作用,是加快推进院系治理现代化的应然路径。

一体化视野下自由刑执行衔接机制的困境与出路

我国的自由刑执行需要司法机关、执行机关以及安置帮教机构的协同配合。然而,多部门在自由刑的执行过程中呈现出交付执行衔接脱节化、执行变更衔接割裂化、执行完毕衔接滞后化、执行监督衔接形式化的现实表征。自由刑衔接困境的形成是执行理念、执行体制以及刑事治理体系综合形塑刑罚执行机制的结果。为此,应当以习近平法治思想中的系统观念统合多部门之间的工作理念,以特殊预防为目标统筹指挥不同机关的协作配合,以刑罚适应性原则促进自由行执行与刑事治理体系的协同发展。遵循国家的顶层设计,从刑罚执行的管理机制、指挥机制、协调机制三方面入手,促进自由刑执行全链条管理、统一性指挥、适应性协调的现代化转型。

民办高校行政管理人员激励机制优化研究

民办高校高质量发展离不开专业化行政管理队伍的支撑。优化激励机制,激发行政管理人员的工作积极性、主动性和创造性,是民办高校深化改革应重视和思考的新课题。当前,民办高校行政管理人员激励中还存在一些不足:对行政管理人员激励的重要性认识不足,行政管理人员考核指标不明确,对基层行政管理人员重使用轻培训,一线行政管理人员薪酬待遇相对较低。对此,应构建科学化的绩效考核体系、系统化的奖励激励体系、多元化的培训激励体系、畅通化的晋升激励体系,充分释放人才活力,助力民办高校科学发展、提质增效。

多元纠纷解决机制视域中行政道歉的实体法律规范研究

作为多元纠纷解决机制的重要组成部分,行政道歉能够帮助实现“满足当事人多元需求、促进纠纷实质性化解”的目标。为了更好地实现行政道歉的功能,需要从致歉主体、对象、条件、内容以及后续法律责任等方面予以实体规范。致歉主体分为致歉组织和直接责任人等具体致歉人,致歉对象不限于社会公众和特定行政相对人,致歉条件涵盖“失政”“失德”行为,致歉内容包括分析错误、自责、补救等,后续责任追究成为行政道歉完成的最终标志。

高职院校行政教辅人员师德师风建设长效机制构建:意义、问题与路径

高职院校的高质量发展离不开行政教辅人员,其为教学与科研、学校与学生提供了学习和生活的保障,发挥着不可替代的作用。构建高职院校行政教辅人员师德师风建设长效机制有助于引导其树立正确的教育观、事业观、人才观,坚定理想信念,厚植爱国情怀,涵养崇高师德。当前,高职院校行政教辅人员师德师风建设存在部分行政教辅人员思想素质有待提高、师德师风建设和育人功能脱节、师德师风典范引领作用不突出等问题,应该通过强化理论学习、素质提升、榜样示范、制度约束等构建高职院校行政教辅人员师德师风建设长效机制。

民政部门担任遗产管理人的困境与法律对策研究

遗产管理人是《民法典》规定的新制度,民政部门作为兜底主体担任遗产管理人是我国法律制度上的一项创新。自《民法典》实施以来,各地都在积极探索民政部门担任遗产管理人的做法与经验,但由于缺乏配套性、操作性、实施性的具体规定,导致民政部门工作中产生许多困惑与问题,影响民政部门遗产管理职能的发挥与落地。应当通过制定立法解释,完善司法解释和相关规范性文件,从源头上解决裁判依据问题,进一步明确民政部门在遗产管理实务中独立的法律地位和诉讼主体地位,细化指定遗产管理人确认和启动程序在内的各项具体规则,制定遗产管理人工作操作指引,明确承担遗产管理职能的内设机构、职责、人员、编制和经费,并加快专业人才的培养步伐,使这一新制度能够落地落实,实现《民法典》的立法宗旨。

中国水资源配置“两手发力”的实现路径——再论“三权分置”水权制度改革

推动政府和市场两手协同发力,是新时期治水面临的重大课题。在水资源配置中引入市场机制存在多种途径和形式,其中建立水权市场需要满足一系列精细苛刻的条件,加之中国独特的国情因素,在我国建立一套有效运行的水权市场成本很高。回顾2000年以来的实践,我国水权市场改革面临过程曲折、市场规模较小、市场收益有限、制度问题凸显等困境,一定程度上印证了有关理论认识。我国未来可以继续推进水权市场改革,但不宜将一套系统完整的水权市场作为改革目标。为了解决我国水权市场改革面临的困境,更好地利用水权政策工具服务“两手发力”,借鉴我国农村土地“三权分置”改革经验,提出“三权分置”的水权制度设计,将水资源的所有权、取水权和使用权三项权利分置,并阐述了具体改革思路及其价值。

以行政协同治理推动区域协同发展——成渝地区双城经济圈协同推进机关事务标准化工作范例

随着区域协同发展政策战略地位的不断提高,区域协同研究正如火如荼,但现阶段学界尚有待阐明区域协同瓶颈之因并提出解决之法及相应的区域协同新机制。本研究试图聚焦于此,在理论层面梳理区域协同瓶颈产生机制与区域协同新机制,并对成渝地区双城经济圈协同推进机关事务标准化工作进行案例分析与问卷调查,在实证层面检验本研究的两个理论框架。案例分析发现,以机关事务为例,成渝地区双城经济圈存在治理尺度差异,这与中央政策调控共同构成协同的内外动机,驱动成渝地区深化合作意愿,卷入区域协同;与此同时,地方保护主义现象在两地机关事务标准化协同工作中亦有所披露,并阻碍了成渝地区双城经济圈建设的协同发展。问卷调查数据进一步验证案例分析结果:推进协同地区加强行政治理协同、推进治理尺度统一具有紧要性,成渝地区双城经济圈建设推进标准化执行助推区域协同发展,标准化的行政治理协同增强了成渝地区双城经济圈协同互信意识,在一定程度上消解行政壁垒和地方保护主义;此外,当前成渝地区双城经济圈建设干部协同卷入的奖惩机制不完善,行政治理协同还需大力推进,两地协同仍有较强的地方本位意识。基于此,本研究认为,地方保护现象是长久以来中国实行区域分治所衍生的治理产物,消弭地方保护主义、强化区域一体化思维成为协同瓶颈破局之必然要求,而基于行政尺度视角出发的行政协同治理则可能通过为地区卷入协同建构与区域空间相适配的治理尺度,从而成为区域协同必然的路径选择。并且,协同是基于时间矢量上不断发展变换的过程,地方政府应当通过牢牢把握不同阶段中区域协同“动机—路径—目的”三核心元素以寻求合理的区域协同合作。

跨流域横向生态补偿的实践表征及优化路径探析——以湖南省内长江流域治理为例

跨流域横向生态补偿作为我国水资源管理机制的一项重大创新,其协同治理作用在实践中日益凸显。从2012年通过的《湖南省湘江保护条例》开始,湖南省经历了从探索地方政府主导的纵向流域生态补偿模式,到确立跨省流域横向生态补偿基本框架,再逐步建立健全跨省流域横向生态补偿长效机制的发展理路。实践表明,当前湖南省存在缺乏足够权威性的法律法规、资金来源较为单一、地区间评定标准差异大等问题。因此,应通过完善跨流域横向生态补偿专门立法、探索建立多元化跨流域横向生态补偿模式、合理确定跨流域横向生态补偿评定标准和计价办法来提升湖南省内长江流域的治理水平,为我国跨流域横向生态补偿提供优秀的样本。