The tafoni that develop in sandstone cliffs have attracted the interest of both scientists and the general public. A necklace-like tafone system, referred to here as beaded tafoni, has developed in the prominent cliff...The tafoni that develop in sandstone cliffs have attracted the interest of both scientists and the general public. A necklace-like tafone system, referred to here as beaded tafoni, has developed in the prominent cliffs of the Danxia landscapes within the Longhushan Global Geopark in the subtropical zone of South China. This paper presents a new model of the formation of this system of extraordinary beaded tafoni. The cliffs of the Danxia landscapes of the study area are composed of an alluvial conglomerate(i.e.,red beds). These Danxia landscapes have subrounded summits that are covered by vegetation and experience a nearly vertical water flow induced by gravity. Erosion and collapse of the outsized gravels and concentrated pebbles in the red beds give rise to the initial development of the beaded tafoni. The tafoni then become rounded and beaded as a result of reworking and decay by fluvial outwash. During storms, intense water flows run vertically down the cliffs and generate a whirling motion in the tafoni.Consequently, the inside walls of the tafoni gradually become wider and smoother. During the late development stage, the beaded tafoni tend to become indistinct or disappear because of the interconnection of the tafoni and subsequent merging with the bedding-controlled cavities.展开更多
The ability to manage and restore plant communities in the face of human-induced landscape change may rely on our ability to predict how species respond to environmental variables.Understanding this response requires ...The ability to manage and restore plant communities in the face of human-induced landscape change may rely on our ability to predict how species respond to environmental variables.Understanding this response requires examining factors or their interactions that have influence on plant and resource availability.Our objective was to analyze the relationships between changes in plant abundance and the interaction among environmental habitat factors including soil, geological(rock type), and other environmental variables in the Longhushan karst mountains ecosystem.Species density and dominance were examined using ANOVA, ANCOVA,and Generalized Linear Models to establish the single or combined effects of these groups of factors.The results showed that trends in abundance were mainly affected by rock type(related to the percentage content of dolomite and calcite), soil characteristics in association with topography.Both plant indices were higher in dolomite dominated areas and varied positively with moisture, and elevation, but negatively with organic matter, while density also increased with slope degree.The results demonstrate that significant variations in species abundance was produced with the combination of variables from soil, geological, andenvironmental factors, suggesting their interaction influence on plants.We postulate that spatial variations in plant abundance in karst ecosystem depends on the carbonate rock type in addition to water and nutrient availability which are mainly controlled by topography and other factors such as soil texture and temperature.The study suggests that in karst areas carbonate rock type, in addition to local environmental variables, should be taken into account when analyzing the factors that have impact on plant communities.展开更多
[Objectives] To observe and compare the clinical effect and safety of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan on treatment of type 2 diabetes. [Methods] 90 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divi...[Objectives] To observe and compare the clinical effect and safety of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan on treatment of type 2 diabetes. [Methods] 90 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into group A,group B and control group by randomized control method. Group A adopted D. officinale Kimura et Migo and metformin hydrochloride; group B adopted D. officinale Kimura et Migo; the control group adopted metformin hydrochloride. The fasting plasma glucose( FPG) of 3 groups was measured before the treatment and 2 weeks,4 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks,10 weeks,and 12 weeks after the treatment,Hb A1 c was measured and diabetes symptom grade score was counted before the treatment and 12 weeks after treatment,observation indicators and clinical effect of 3 groups of patients were compared. [Results] The fasting plasma glucose level in group A was lower than that in other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P >0. 05); Hb A1 c of group A for 12 weeks after treatment was lower than that of other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P > 0. 05); the difference in diabetes symptom grade score of group A was greater than that in other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P > 0. 05). [Conclusions]D. officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan can effectively reduce the fasting plasma glucose level and Hb A1 c of type 2 diabetic patients and effectively improve the symptoms of patients; clinical application of D. officinale Kimura et Migo has equivalent effect with metformin hydrochloride,and combination of D. officinale Kimura et Migo with metformin hydrochloride has better effect than single use.展开更多
The South China fold belt has experienced a complex series of tectonic events that span 1.0 billion years of earth history. Longhushan （龙虎山） World Geopark is located on the Proterozoic suture between the Yangtze ...The South China fold belt has experienced a complex series of tectonic events that span 1.0 billion years of earth history. Longhushan （龙虎山） World Geopark is located on the Proterozoic suture between the Yangtze craton and Cathyasia block and highlights the long history of this belt. Collision of the Cathyasia and Yangtze cratons 1.0 billion years ago was associated with the formation of the Rodinian supercontinent where most of the planet＇s landmasses were amalgamated into one block. Jurassic through Early Cretaceous magmatism was associated with the inland migration of the continental margin arc associated with the penetration of a flat slab after subduction of the Kula-Farallon ridge. Slab roll-back in the Early to Middle Cretaceous opened many extensional basins across the South China fold belt, including the Xinjiang （信江） basin in which Longhushan is located, and these were filled largely with continental red beds deposited by fluvial systems in the hot torrid climate. The beds are richly fossiliferous, including remains of many dinosaurs and dinosaur eggs. Subduction of the Kula-Pacific plate in the Middle Cretaceous caused a short magmatic pulse, and then, the basins subsided slowly through the remainder of the Cretaceous. Cenozoic uplift of the red bed basins was initiated by the India- Asia collision. The uplift was associated with the formation of many faults, joints, and brittle structures that dissected the red bed deposits. Fluvial erosion of the red beds was enhanced along the brittle structures, and different locations have developed very distinctive and structuraliy controlled geomorphological features including mesas, kopjies, and isolated stone peaks that are known in China as Danxia （丹霞） land-forms. Together, these features form Danxia landscapes, and Longhushan World Geopark exhibits a complete range of the Danxia landscapes from juvenile, to mature and to old stages of development. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization （UNESCO） World Geopark program ensures that these features and geologic history will be preserved in their pristine state and be available for study and appreciation for generations to come.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41772197, 41602113)Open Research Fund from the Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Minerals (Shandong University of Science and Technology+1 种基金 Grant No. DMSM2017011)Jiangxi Provincial Graduate Innovation Fund Project (YC2018-S336)
文摘The tafoni that develop in sandstone cliffs have attracted the interest of both scientists and the general public. A necklace-like tafone system, referred to here as beaded tafoni, has developed in the prominent cliffs of the Danxia landscapes within the Longhushan Global Geopark in the subtropical zone of South China. This paper presents a new model of the formation of this system of extraordinary beaded tafoni. The cliffs of the Danxia landscapes of the study area are composed of an alluvial conglomerate(i.e.,red beds). These Danxia landscapes have subrounded summits that are covered by vegetation and experience a nearly vertical water flow induced by gravity. Erosion and collapse of the outsized gravels and concentrated pebbles in the red beds give rise to the initial development of the beaded tafoni. The tafoni then become rounded and beaded as a result of reworking and decay by fluvial outwash. During storms, intense water flows run vertically down the cliffs and generate a whirling motion in the tafoni.Consequently, the inside walls of the tafoni gradually become wider and smoother. During the late development stage, the beaded tafoni tend to become indistinct or disappear because of the interconnection of the tafoni and subsequent merging with the bedding-controlled cavities.
基金founded by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China(Grant No.40972218)the Fundamental Research Founds for National University,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(Grant Nos.G1323521125,G1323521225,G1323521325)
文摘The ability to manage and restore plant communities in the face of human-induced landscape change may rely on our ability to predict how species respond to environmental variables.Understanding this response requires examining factors or their interactions that have influence on plant and resource availability.Our objective was to analyze the relationships between changes in plant abundance and the interaction among environmental habitat factors including soil, geological(rock type), and other environmental variables in the Longhushan karst mountains ecosystem.Species density and dominance were examined using ANOVA, ANCOVA,and Generalized Linear Models to establish the single or combined effects of these groups of factors.The results showed that trends in abundance were mainly affected by rock type(related to the percentage content of dolomite and calcite), soil characteristics in association with topography.Both plant indices were higher in dolomite dominated areas and varied positively with moisture, and elevation, but negatively with organic matter, while density also increased with slope degree.The results demonstrate that significant variations in species abundance was produced with the combination of variables from soil, geological, andenvironmental factors, suggesting their interaction influence on plants.We postulate that spatial variations in plant abundance in karst ecosystem depends on the carbonate rock type in addition to water and nutrient availability which are mainly controlled by topography and other factors such as soil texture and temperature.The study suggests that in karst areas carbonate rock type, in addition to local environmental variables, should be taken into account when analyzing the factors that have impact on plant communities.
文摘[Objectives] To observe and compare the clinical effect and safety of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan on treatment of type 2 diabetes. [Methods] 90 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into group A,group B and control group by randomized control method. Group A adopted D. officinale Kimura et Migo and metformin hydrochloride; group B adopted D. officinale Kimura et Migo; the control group adopted metformin hydrochloride. The fasting plasma glucose( FPG) of 3 groups was measured before the treatment and 2 weeks,4 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks,10 weeks,and 12 weeks after the treatment,Hb A1 c was measured and diabetes symptom grade score was counted before the treatment and 12 weeks after treatment,observation indicators and clinical effect of 3 groups of patients were compared. [Results] The fasting plasma glucose level in group A was lower than that in other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P >0. 05); Hb A1 c of group A for 12 weeks after treatment was lower than that of other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P > 0. 05); the difference in diabetes symptom grade score of group A was greater than that in other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P > 0. 05). [Conclusions]D. officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan can effectively reduce the fasting plasma glucose level and Hb A1 c of type 2 diabetic patients and effectively improve the symptoms of patients; clinical application of D. officinale Kimura et Migo has equivalent effect with metformin hydrochloride,and combination of D. officinale Kimura et Migo with metformin hydrochloride has better effect than single use.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40821061)Ministry of Education of China (No. B07039)Longhushan Administrative Committee,Starting Fund of Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-hazards, Ministry of Education, China
文摘The South China fold belt has experienced a complex series of tectonic events that span 1.0 billion years of earth history. Longhushan （龙虎山） World Geopark is located on the Proterozoic suture between the Yangtze craton and Cathyasia block and highlights the long history of this belt. Collision of the Cathyasia and Yangtze cratons 1.0 billion years ago was associated with the formation of the Rodinian supercontinent where most of the planet＇s landmasses were amalgamated into one block. Jurassic through Early Cretaceous magmatism was associated with the inland migration of the continental margin arc associated with the penetration of a flat slab after subduction of the Kula-Farallon ridge. Slab roll-back in the Early to Middle Cretaceous opened many extensional basins across the South China fold belt, including the Xinjiang （信江） basin in which Longhushan is located, and these were filled largely with continental red beds deposited by fluvial systems in the hot torrid climate. The beds are richly fossiliferous, including remains of many dinosaurs and dinosaur eggs. Subduction of the Kula-Pacific plate in the Middle Cretaceous caused a short magmatic pulse, and then, the basins subsided slowly through the remainder of the Cretaceous. Cenozoic uplift of the red bed basins was initiated by the India- Asia collision. The uplift was associated with the formation of many faults, joints, and brittle structures that dissected the red bed deposits. Fluvial erosion of the red beds was enhanced along the brittle structures, and different locations have developed very distinctive and structuraliy controlled geomorphological features including mesas, kopjies, and isolated stone peaks that are known in China as Danxia （丹霞） land-forms. Together, these features form Danxia landscapes, and Longhushan World Geopark exhibits a complete range of the Danxia landscapes from juvenile, to mature and to old stages of development. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization （UNESCO） World Geopark program ensures that these features and geologic history will be preserved in their pristine state and be available for study and appreciation for generations to come.
