Lead Isotopic Composition and Lead Source in the Bainiuchang Ag-polymetallic Deposit, Yunnan Province, China

The Bainiuchang deposit in Yunnan Province, China, is located geographically between the Gejiu ore field and the Dulong ore field. In addition to the 〉7000 t Ag reserves, the deposit also boasts of large-scale Pb, Zn and Sn reserves with a lot of dispersed elements （In, Cd, Ge, Ga, etc.）. We have determined systematically the Pb isotope composition of the deposit. The Pb isotope ratios of the ores that are of sea-floor exhalative sedimentary origin in the northwest of the mining district, are 206pb/204pb = 17.758-18.537, 207pb/204pb = 15.175-15.862 and 206pb/204pb = 37.289-39.424, while those of ores that are of magmatic hydrothermal superimposition origin in the southeast of the mining district, are 206pb/204pb = 17.264-18.359, 207pb/204pb = 14.843-15.683 and 208pb/204pb = 36.481-38.838, respectively. In terms of the Pb isotope composition of feldspar in magmatic rocks or magmatic whole- rock samples from the mining district, we have determined the Pb isotope composition and acquired the Pb isotope ratios as： 206pb/204pb -- 18.224-18.700, 207pb/204pb -- 15.595-15.797 and 208pb/204pb -- 38.193-39.608. Then, in the light of the Pb isotope composition of metamorphic rock samples from the Proterozoic basement exposed in the Dulong ore field, we have determined the Pb isotope composition and obtained the isotope ratios as： 206pb/204pb -- 18.434-19.119, 207pb/204pb -- 15.644-15.693, and 208pb/204pb = 38.514-38.832. And the Pb isotope ratios of Cambrian sedimentary rocks, which are exposed in the Bainiuchang mining district, are 206pb/204pb = 18.307-19.206, 207pb/204pb = 15.622-15.809, and 208pb/204pb = 38.436-39.932. By comparing the two types of ores with respect to their Pb isotope compositions, it is indicated that lead in the Bainiuchang deposit was derived largely from the lower-crust granulite which is earlier than Neoproterozoic in age, but the Yanshanian magmatic hydrothermal fluids probably provided a part of ore-forming elements such as Sn for the ore blocks in the south of the mining district.

Prediction of Hidden Granites in the Luziyuan Area of Yunnan Province and the Prospecting Direction

The Fe-Pb-Zn-Cu polymetallic deposits in the Luziyuan area, are of a sedimentary-reformed type related with magmatic hydrothermalism. Previous researches have suggested that the mineralization is closely related to the hidden granites, but little is known about these granites including their burial depth and scale, which has limited the establishment of prospecting models and the optimization of prospecting targets. Geophysical methods have a great exploration depth, and have played a unique role in the prediction of hidden granites. It is shown that granites have low density and high resistivity,

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of the Xiuwacu Two-Period Magmatism in Geza Arc of Yunnan Province： Constraints from Lithogeochemistry, Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Hf isotopic Compositions

Objective The Late Cretaceous Xiuwacu ore-bearing porphyry is located in the Geza area of southern Yidun arc, SW China. In this area, the rock mass is mainly composed of three lithofacies： biotite granite porphyry, monzonitic granite and light alkali feldspar granite. As a part of the Yidun arc, the Geza arc has common structure and temporal- spatial evolution with the ~idun arc, which has experienced three stages of oceanic crust subduction, collision orogeny and intracontinent convergence stages. The molybdenite ores in the area are mainly hosted in monzonitic granite-porphyry and structural fracture zone, and the ore bodies are strictly controlled by faults. In recent years, great geological prospecting results have been achieved in Xiuwacu, and the deposit has reached a medium scale. However, there are few researches on the metallogenic porphyry. Based on the previous research, we determined the rock-forming and ore-forming age of the porphyry, and found that there were two stages of magmatism intrusion in Xiuwacu： Indosinian and Yanshanian. We also discussed the geochemical characteristics and source area of the rocks in the area.

Alkaline Prophyries in the Chenghai-Binchuan Tectono-Magmatic Belt,Western Yunnan Province,SW China

1 Introduction Sanjiang tectonic-magma belt is one of the most potential resources’metallogenic belts in China.Cenozoic alkali-rich porphyry-type gold polymetallic mineralization system is a significant characteristic of thisbelt.Chenghai-Binchuan tectonic belt,located in the western margin of the Yangtze block,is an important part

The Late Cretaceous Crustal Magmatism of the Geza Arc Metallogenic Belt in Yunnan Province,and Zircon Ages and Hf Isotopic Evidence of the Porphyry Cu-Mo Mineralization

Objective The Geza arc in Yunnan Province,located in the southern Yidun arc,is an important part of the Sanjiang tectonic-magmatic belts in southwestern China and is a newly discovered copper polymetallic ore-concentrating district.Recent studies show that the newly discovered Yanshanian porphyry Cu-Mo polymetallic mineralization superimposed in the Indosinian porphyry copper belt in this area.

Geophysical Features of the Ore-Controlling Fault in the Chang'an Gold Deposit, Southern Yunnan Province

The Ailao Mountain is one of the most important metallogenic belts ofpolymetallic deposits in the Sanjiang region, southwestern China. Located in the southern segment of this metallogenic belt, the newly-discovered Chang＇an gold deposit is large in scale （Fig. 1A）, and has attracted much attention among geologists. The ore-hosted rocks in the district include the Late Ordovician Xiangyang Fm. sandstone and clastic rocks and the Early Silurian Kanglang Fm. dolomite. Affected by the multistage tectonic activities, stocks and dykes of lamprophyre, dolerite, syenite porphyry and orthoclasite are widely exposed, and the orebodies are in symbiosis with or crosscut the dyke rocks.

Geochemical Characteristics and Significance of Basalt in the Hongshiyan Pb-Zn-Cu Polymetallic Deposit in Southeastern Yunnan Province

1 Introduction Southeast Yunnan is the convergent place of the Yangtze,Indochina blocks(Xu Wei,et al.2008).The Hongshiyan Pb-Zn-Cu polymetallic deposit is located in Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province.It is a typical large sized VMS-type deposit discovered in recent years.The major ore minerals are sphalerite,galena,chalcopyrite ect.

Geochemical Characteristics and Uranium Mineralization Potential of The Yanshanian Granite in The West of Yunnan Province

1 Introduction The Sanjiang metallogenic belt is one of the important nonferrous metal metallogenic belts in China,the potential resources of copper,lead,zinc,silver,gold and tin are huge(Zhengqian et al.,1993).In the west of Yunnan province has a lot of Yanshanian granite,according to 1:20 million test data,development of granite belt rich in radioactive minerals in the west of Yunnan

Discovery of Liquid Cryptoexplosive Breccia in the Pulang Porphyry Copper Deposit of Yunnan Province and its Prospecting Significance

The Pulang porphyry copper deposit,located in the Gezan tectonic-magmatic arc and south of the Yidun island arc,southwest of Sanjiang metallogenic belt in Yunnan province,is a super-large porphyry copper deposit.

Ms 6.5 Earthquake Occurred in Ludian County of Yunnan Province,China,Although Forecast Issued before the Earthquake,Life Casualties and Property Losses were Still Caused Significant

1 Geography Location At 16：30 on August 3rd, 2014, Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province （27.1°N, 103.3°E） was hit by Ms 6.5 earthquake, with the maximum intensity is 9 and epicenter depth is around 12 km （Figs. 1 and 2）.

Rice quality in relation to market prices in Yunnan Province

Factors affecting rice quality and their impacts on market price were investigated in this study. On-farm survey and market survey was undertaken in three selected sites namely Kunming, Dali, and Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province, China. Market sampling was conducted to determine important rice quality characteristics. Sixty milled rice samples were collected from domestic markets of the three sites during a period of Mar to Apr in 1994. The grain physicochemical properties of the milled rice samples were analyzed on the basis of Chinese Agricultural Ministry Standard for testing rice quality. A hedonic price model (implicit price model) was further employed to quantify relationships between quality characteristics and market prices of rice. The model can be expressed mathematically as the following function (1) This function shows that the average price paid by consumer for different grades of rice with attribute Xj. Using the ordinary least square (OLS) regression of observed market prices on measures

A Trip to Yunnan Province Shibao Mountains

Yunnan Province located in southwestem China features beautiful scenery and 26fas cinating ethnic minority communities.

New Eusauropod Dinosaur from Yuanmou of Yunnan Province, China

Yuanmousaurusjiangyiensis gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on an incomplete skeleton. It is characterized by more complex structures of the neural arches in the dorsal vertebrae than those in Omeisaurus, but less complex than those of Euhelopus; the dorsal vertebra bears 9 laminae, forming three cavities on the lateral surface of the neural arch; the dorsal vertebral neural spines with dorsoventrally-oriented cavities are similar to those of Omeisaurus and Patagosaurus. Yuanmousaurus is more primitive than Euhelopus, but more derived than Omeisaurus. The similar dorsal vertebral structure between Yuanmousaurus and Patagosaurus may indicate that they have a close relationship to each other.

Landscape structure and land uese on county level in northeastern Yunnan Province of China——a case study of Huize County

Taking Huize County as an example, the paper analyzed the landscape structure(landscape element structure, landscape type structure, landscape spatial structure, landscape succession structure) and the relations between landscape structure and land use. It was pointed out that the agriculture should be developed in harmony with the landscape structure in the study area.

Distribution and development strategy for Jatropha curcas L. in Yunnan Province, Southwest China

Yunnan Province is the main distributing area ofJatropha curcas L. This plant is abundant in several drainage areas of the dry-hot, dry-warm and sub-humid valleys in the south subtropical area of Yunnan Province. The seeds that were picked from trees blossoming between April and May and fructifying between September and October will have large seed yield and fine quality. For developing bio-diesel stock forest ofJ. curcas in areas with adaptive climate, seeding measures for afforestation should be taken and techniques on breeding, fast-growing, and high-yielding plantation cultivation are very important.

Geological Characteristics and Ore-controlling Factors of the Beiya Gold–Polymetallic Ore Deposit, Northwestern Yunnan Province

Based on comprehensive petrological, geochronological, and geochemical studies, this study analyzed the relationships between the Beiya gold-polymetallic skarn deposit and quartz syenite porphyries, and discussed the source（s） and evolution of magmas. Our results suggest that syenite porphyries（i.e. the Wandongshan, the Dashadi, and the Hongnitang porphyries）, which formed between the Eocene and the early Oligocene epochs, are the sources for the gold-polymetallic ores at the Beiya deposit. Carbonate rocks（T2 b） of the Triassic Beiya Formation in the ore district provide favorable host space for deposit formation. Fold and fault structures collectively play an important role in ore formation. The contact zone between the porphyries and carbonates, the structurally fractured zone of carbonate and clastic rocks, and the zone with well-developed fractures are the ideal locations for ore bodies. Four types of mineralization have been recognized： 1） porphyry-style stockwork gold–iron（copper） ore, 2） skarn-style gold-iron（copper and lead） ore in the near contact zone, 3） strata-bound, lense-type lead–silver–gold ore in the outer contact zone, and 4） distal vein-type gold–lead–silver ore. Supergene processes led to the formation of oxide ore, such as the weathered and accumulated gold–iron ore, the strata-bound fracture oxide ore, and the structure-controlled vein-type ore. Most of these ore deposits are distributed along the axis of the depressed basin, with the hypogene ore controlling the shape and characteristics of the oxide ore. This study provides critical geology understanding for mineral prospecting scenarios.

ISSR Analysis on Genetic Diversity of the 34 Populations of Oryza meyeriana Distributing in Yunnan Province,China

The genetic diversity of the 34 populations of wild rice Oryza meyeriana Baill. distributed in Yunnan Province, China was analyzed using 13 inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. A total of 168 bands were amplified, of which 135 polymorphic bands were discovered and the percentage of polymorphic bands （PPB） was 80.36%. A genetic diversity was revealed as Nei＇s gene diversity （H） = 0.2666 and Shannon information index （I） = 0.4028 at population level. The 34 populations were divided into different groups based on administrative regions, latitude and longitudes, river areas, altitudes of their origins, and their indexes such as Na （number of alleles）, Ne （effective number of alleles）, H, I and PPB were calculated. Richer genetic diversity was found in the wild rice populations distributed in Simao Prefecture than that in Lingcang Prefecture or Xishuangbanna Prefecture whereas the least genetic diversity was in Baoshan Prefecture or Dehong Prefecture. Rich genetic diversity was also discovered in the wild rice populations originated from higher than 710 m altitude around the middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River belonging to the Pacific Ocean drainage system. The 34 populations could be classified into two groups, one group covered the wild rice distributing in Simao Prefecture only while the other group covered ones in Lingcang, Xishuangbanna and Dehong Prefectures. The issue on how to effectively conserve the wild rice germplasm was discussed.

A biogenic volatile organic compounds emission inventory for Yunnan Province

The first detailed inventory for volatile organic compounds(VOC) emissions from vegetation over Yunnan Province, China was presented. The spatially and temporally resolved inventory was developed based on a geographic information system(GIS), remote sensing(RS) data and field measurement data, such as digitized land-use data, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and temperature data from direct real-time measurement. The inventory has a spatial resolution of 5 km×5 km and a time resolution of 1 h. Urban, agriculture, and natural land-use distributions in Yunnan Province were combined with biomass factors for each land-use category to produce a spatially resolved biomass inventory. A biogenic emission inventory was developed by combining the biomass inventory with hourly emission rates for tree, shrub and ground cover species of the study area. Correcting for environmental factors, including light intensity and temperature, a value of 1.1×10 12 gC for total annual biogenic VOC emissions from Yunnan Province, including 6.1×10 11 gC for isoprene, 2.1×10 11 gC for monoterpenes, and 2.6×10 11 gC for OVOC was obtained. The highest VOC emissions occurred in the northwestern, southwestern and north region of Yunnan Province. Some uncertainties were also discussed in this study.

QUATERNARY GLACIATION SERIES ANDGLACIAL LANDFORM IN GONGWANG MOUNTAINS INNORTHEAST PART OF YUNNAN PROVINCE, CHINA

The Gongwang Mountains is situated in the northeast part of Yunnan Plovince. In the mountain, glaciation once occirred above 3100 m a. s. l. in the Quaiernary. The typical glacial remains are mainly concentrated in Jiaozishan - and Yaojingtang - Niudongping area. The glacial landforms were mainly cirque, trough valley and lateral moraine. Glacial type was alpine cirque glacier and according to morphogenetic relation of the glacial landforms, the Quaternary glaciation should be separated into two periods: last glaciation (containing two stages of late and maximum glaciation) and penultimate in the Gongwang Mountain in northeast part of Yunnan Province of China.