It is very important to study the archaeological culture and origin of civilization in ancient China.The changes of the channels in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the prehistoric period are part of the natur...It is very important to study the archaeological culture and origin of civilization in ancient China.The changes of the channels in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the prehistoric period are part of the natural environmental background of the development of the ancient civilization in that area to be explored.This paper presents a series of legends,indications,scientific evidence,and macroscopic geographical background information of the evolution in the lower reaches of the Yellow River during the Longshan period.At first the river flowed from Northern Henan and Hebei to southwestern Shandong Province and Northern Anhui–Jiangsu provinces,and the mainstream of the Yellow River changed from the southeast to return to the north and flowed into the Bohai Sea in the late Longshan Period.During this period,floods were frequent.Various ethnic groups in the northern China plains suffered natural disasters and made great migrations which also contributed to the ethnic exchanges and integration.The people of the Central Plains made more dynamic adjustments in the relationship between mankind and the land by primitively escaping from the water and self–defensively controlling the rivers then to maintaining the local ecological environment by large–scale flood control measures,which promoted the settlement of Shandong,Henan,Jiangsu and Anhui provinces,the urban cultural development,and social evolution.Based on these events,the culture symbol of Dayu's Flood Control could be formed.展开更多
扬子鳄现今生活在长江下游地区,但是在龙山时代(5000~4000 BP cal.)黄河流域多处遗址中发现了扬子鳄骨板。为判断龙山时代华北地区的扬子鳄是本地生长还是来自与长江流域的贸易交换,本研究对芮城清凉寺、邹平丁公、泗水尹家城3处遗址出...扬子鳄现今生活在长江下游地区,但是在龙山时代(5000~4000 BP cal.)黄河流域多处遗址中发现了扬子鳄骨板。为判断龙山时代华北地区的扬子鳄是本地生长还是来自与长江流域的贸易交换,本研究对芮城清凉寺、邹平丁公、泗水尹家城3处遗址出土的7例鳄鱼骨板进行了Sr、C和O同位素分析。3处遗址鳄鱼骨板的87Sr/86Sr值均落入当地Sr同位素背景范围内,且山东样本的δ18O比值高于山西样本,符合δ18O值由内陆向沿海升高的趋势,证明这些扬子鳄个体属于本地物种的可能性很大。扬子鳄骨板的δ13C值都明显高于世界其他内陆地区淡水系统的鳄鱼,显示出复杂的饮食特征。上述结果有助于深入了解不同时期扬子鳄的地理分布变迁,对重建距今四千多年前华北地区的古环境具有重要意义,同时也对龙山先民与扬子鳄的关系提出了新的疑问。展开更多
文摘It is very important to study the archaeological culture and origin of civilization in ancient China.The changes of the channels in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the prehistoric period are part of the natural environmental background of the development of the ancient civilization in that area to be explored.This paper presents a series of legends,indications,scientific evidence,and macroscopic geographical background information of the evolution in the lower reaches of the Yellow River during the Longshan period.At first the river flowed from Northern Henan and Hebei to southwestern Shandong Province and Northern Anhui–Jiangsu provinces,and the mainstream of the Yellow River changed from the southeast to return to the north and flowed into the Bohai Sea in the late Longshan Period.During this period,floods were frequent.Various ethnic groups in the northern China plains suffered natural disasters and made great migrations which also contributed to the ethnic exchanges and integration.The people of the Central Plains made more dynamic adjustments in the relationship between mankind and the land by primitively escaping from the water and self–defensively controlling the rivers then to maintaining the local ecological environment by large–scale flood control measures,which promoted the settlement of Shandong,Henan,Jiangsu and Anhui provinces,the urban cultural development,and social evolution.Based on these events,the culture symbol of Dayu's Flood Control could be formed.
文摘扬子鳄现今生活在长江下游地区,但是在龙山时代(5000~4000 BP cal.)黄河流域多处遗址中发现了扬子鳄骨板。为判断龙山时代华北地区的扬子鳄是本地生长还是来自与长江流域的贸易交换,本研究对芮城清凉寺、邹平丁公、泗水尹家城3处遗址出土的7例鳄鱼骨板进行了Sr、C和O同位素分析。3处遗址鳄鱼骨板的87Sr/86Sr值均落入当地Sr同位素背景范围内,且山东样本的δ18O比值高于山西样本,符合δ18O值由内陆向沿海升高的趋势,证明这些扬子鳄个体属于本地物种的可能性很大。扬子鳄骨板的δ13C值都明显高于世界其他内陆地区淡水系统的鳄鱼,显示出复杂的饮食特征。上述结果有助于深入了解不同时期扬子鳄的地理分布变迁,对重建距今四千多年前华北地区的古环境具有重要意义,同时也对龙山先民与扬子鳄的关系提出了新的疑问。
