碳化硅(SiC)复合包壳的热-力学性能和抗辐照性能较强,是一种优异的轻水堆事故容错燃料包壳,其结构完整性对反应堆安全运行至关重要.本文综合考虑各层材料的辐照效应,开展了SiC复合包壳在轻水反应堆稳态运行1146天后发生失水事故(Loss of...碳化硅(SiC)复合包壳的热-力学性能和抗辐照性能较强,是一种优异的轻水堆事故容错燃料包壳,其结构完整性对反应堆安全运行至关重要.本文综合考虑各层材料的辐照效应,开展了SiC复合包壳在轻水反应堆稳态运行1146天后发生失水事故(Loss of Coolant Accident,LOCA)期间的热-力耦合行为数值模拟,获得了CVD-SiC单质层的第一主应力分布和演化规律,并对应力演化的影响机制开展了分析.结果表明:LOCA期间内部CVD-SiC单质层的最大拉应力先迅速增加,后缓慢增加,存在开裂的风险;包壳外压降低是内部CVD-SiC单质层最大拉应力及复合材料层损伤因子快速增加的重要原因;内压随着温度的升高而增大,是内部CVD-SiC单质层最大拉应力及复合材料层损伤因子继续增加到峰值的原因;复合包壳管在稳态运行阶段存在较大的径向温差,由于LOCA初期温差的降低引起的热应力对内部CVD-SiC单质层的最大拉应力也产生了显著的影响,有望通过提高碳化硅纤维增强复合材料的热导率来降低复合包壳管的失效风险.展开更多
In this study,the severe accident progression analysis of generic Canadian deuterium uranium reactor 6 was preliminarily provided using an integrated severe accident analysis code.The selected accident sequences were ...In this study,the severe accident progression analysis of generic Canadian deuterium uranium reactor 6 was preliminarily provided using an integrated severe accident analysis code.The selected accident sequences were multiple steam generator tube rupture and large break loss-of-coolant accidents because these led to severe core damage with an assumed unavailability for several critical safety systems.The progressions of severe accident included a set of failed safety systems normally operated at full power,and initiative events led to primary heat transport system inventory blow-down or boil off.The core heat-up and melting,steam generator response,fuel channel and calandria vessel failure were analyzed.The results showed that the progression of a severe core damage accident induced by steam generator tube rupture or large break loss-of-coolant accidents in a CANDU reactor was slow due to heat sinks in the calandria vessel and vault.展开更多
ASTRUM(Automated Statistical Treatment of Uncertainty Method)分析方法是美国西屋公司开发的能够自动执行不确定性计算的最佳估算方法。在该方法中,对于部分对大破口LOCA(Loss of Coolant Accident)事故计算结果具有重要影响的参数...ASTRUM(Automated Statistical Treatment of Uncertainty Method)分析方法是美国西屋公司开发的能够自动执行不确定性计算的最佳估算方法。在该方法中,对于部分对大破口LOCA(Loss of Coolant Accident)事故计算结果具有重要影响的参数,采用了参数保守性确认分析的办法,以确定其保守的取值组合。然后,在此基础上执行对其它参数抽样的ASTRUM最佳估算。这种做法对于不同的事故工况或抽样工况得到的保守性参数取值组合可能不同,具有一定的偶然性,在固定这些参数保守组合的基础上再对其余参数抽样进行最佳估算,可能会导致ASTRUM计算结果出现一定程度的偏差。本文取消了原ASTRUM方法中参数保守性确认分析这一环节,通过开发自编的BE_SAMPLE抽样程序,对原参数保守性确认分析中的重要参数进行抽样,执行了全参数的抽样统计分析,并给出了优化结论,它可以为后续ASTRUM方法的优化和研究提供参考。展开更多
文摘碳化硅(SiC)复合包壳的热-力学性能和抗辐照性能较强,是一种优异的轻水堆事故容错燃料包壳,其结构完整性对反应堆安全运行至关重要.本文综合考虑各层材料的辐照效应,开展了SiC复合包壳在轻水反应堆稳态运行1146天后发生失水事故(Loss of Coolant Accident,LOCA)期间的热-力耦合行为数值模拟,获得了CVD-SiC单质层的第一主应力分布和演化规律,并对应力演化的影响机制开展了分析.结果表明:LOCA期间内部CVD-SiC单质层的最大拉应力先迅速增加,后缓慢增加,存在开裂的风险;包壳外压降低是内部CVD-SiC单质层最大拉应力及复合材料层损伤因子快速增加的重要原因;内压随着温度的升高而增大,是内部CVD-SiC单质层最大拉应力及复合材料层损伤因子继续增加到峰值的原因;复合包壳管在稳态运行阶段存在较大的径向温差,由于LOCA初期温差的降低引起的热应力对内部CVD-SiC单质层的最大拉应力也产生了显著的影响,有望通过提高碳化硅纤维增强复合材料的热导率来降低复合包壳管的失效风险.
文摘In this study,the severe accident progression analysis of generic Canadian deuterium uranium reactor 6 was preliminarily provided using an integrated severe accident analysis code.The selected accident sequences were multiple steam generator tube rupture and large break loss-of-coolant accidents because these led to severe core damage with an assumed unavailability for several critical safety systems.The progressions of severe accident included a set of failed safety systems normally operated at full power,and initiative events led to primary heat transport system inventory blow-down or boil off.The core heat-up and melting,steam generator response,fuel channel and calandria vessel failure were analyzed.The results showed that the progression of a severe core damage accident induced by steam generator tube rupture or large break loss-of-coolant accidents in a CANDU reactor was slow due to heat sinks in the calandria vessel and vault.
文摘ASTRUM(Automated Statistical Treatment of Uncertainty Method)分析方法是美国西屋公司开发的能够自动执行不确定性计算的最佳估算方法。在该方法中,对于部分对大破口LOCA(Loss of Coolant Accident)事故计算结果具有重要影响的参数,采用了参数保守性确认分析的办法,以确定其保守的取值组合。然后,在此基础上执行对其它参数抽样的ASTRUM最佳估算。这种做法对于不同的事故工况或抽样工况得到的保守性参数取值组合可能不同,具有一定的偶然性,在固定这些参数保守组合的基础上再对其余参数抽样进行最佳估算,可能会导致ASTRUM计算结果出现一定程度的偏差。本文取消了原ASTRUM方法中参数保守性确认分析这一环节,通过开发自编的BE_SAMPLE抽样程序,对原参数保守性确认分析中的重要参数进行抽样,执行了全参数的抽样统计分析,并给出了优化结论,它可以为后续ASTRUM方法的优化和研究提供参考。
