Development path of Chinese low-carbon cities based on index evaluation

这个工作作为研究对象从瓷器低碳的试验性项目拿 36 个城市并且使用人均的碳排放和人均的 GDP 把 36 个城市分成四种类型揭示他们的低碳的开发地位；这四种类型是领先的城市，开发城市，迟到者城市，和探索城市。根据一个索引系统，那份量上描述低碳的开发，这研究分析特征，发展趋势，和城市的四种类型的低碳的发展小径。根据国家排出物并且就在为城市的每种类型的发展阶段，挑战，和机会的差别而言的现在的状况和目的，这研究为低碳的路线图介绍建议并且中期、长期(在 2030 )在中国的区域的不同类型的排放趋势线路。

Review of Research on the Evaluation Index System of Low-carbon City in China

In order to promote the research on the evaluation index system of low-carbon city,this paper reviewed and summarized the current evaluation index systems in recent years and the concepts of lowcarbon city in China.The current evaluation index systems of low-carbon city in China could be divided into two types:two class index system and three class index system.The establishment of different index systems basically adheres to the scientific,systematic,operable and dynamic principles,and the target value and weight of evaluation index could be confirmed in multiple ways.This paper analyzed the existing problems in the evaluation index systems of low-carbon city,and came up with some suggestions and advice to promote relevant research.

Study on Low-carbon City Planning Strategies Based on Urban Greenhouse Gas Inventory

From the perspective of urban greenhouse gas inventory, this paper analyzed the composition and tendency of urban greenhouse gas inventory of Guangzhou, and compared greenhouse gas inventory of representative international cities. Taking Guangzhou Haizhu Eco-city for example, this paper from the perspective of urban-rural planning put forward the low-carbon development paths and strategies such as increasing carbon sink, industrial transformation, spatial restructuring, traffic organization, green civil engineering and resource utilization, and green building for the main carbon-emitting fields such as industry, energy supply, transport, building and waste disposal.

Low-carbon scenario and technologies in modern city——Case study of Shenyang

From a multi-dimensional perspective of economic development,carbon dioxide and industrial pollutant emission and resource consumption in the case study of Shenyang,this paper analyzes the resource consumption and environmental impact in the process of urban economic development and low-carbon transition and evaluates the emission reduction potential and scenario of various technologies. The results show that city plays a key role in global low-carbon economic construction,and it is pointed out that emission reduction technology in urban scale can reduce total amount of carbon emission to substantial extent. From the aspect of future development,the input of technology and economic growth pattern should be strengthened so as to realize economic development as well as the total amount reduction of pollutant emission.

A review of low-carbon city construction research in China

Based on the analysis on the global warming and environmental deterioration,low-carbon concept has received more and more attention from governments,experts and scholars at home and abroad.The British government first put forward the concept of low-carbon economy,and after that the Japanese government proposed the construction of low-carbon society.In our country,experts and scholars began to research on low-carbon city from 2007.This paper looks through the practical and theoretical studies on low-carbon city construction of the domestic experts and scholars.The current background of lowcarbon city construction is first introduced.To clarify fundamental connotation,characteristics and target of China's low-carbon city is very important.Therefore,this paper summarizes the research progress of the low-carbon city construction from the necessity,the connotation and characteristics of target.Then,we should pay attention to choosing the right index,combining the region characteristics with the current development model and evaluation indexes system,to reflect and improve carbon emissions.Finally,the paper gives an overview of suggestions by experts and scholars on the construction of low carbon city.

Interpretation of Low-carbon City Planning and Design——A Case Study of Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community

It is an important and unique approach of achieving sustainable urban development to save and use energy intensively, reduce carbon emission, and take the low-carbon development road. Taking Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community for example, this paper introduced planning measures for building a low-carbon city, including building a green network, compound utilization of urban spaces, establishing green transportation, using renewable resources, development of green architecture, so as to provide references for the future researches on the low-carbon urban development.

低碳城市建设、环境审计与企业碳排放--基于低碳城市试点政策的准自然实验

推动低碳城市建设是实现碳达峰碳中和、迈向高质量发展的重要举措。基于2008—2021年深沪两市A股工业企业的年度数据,将三次低碳城市试点视为准自然实验,采用多期双重差分模型、递归式中介效应模型等实证考察了低碳城市试点的碳减排机理及环境审计在此过程中的交互关系。检验结果表明:(1)低碳城市试点显著降低了试点城市企业的碳排放量,且该效应在高碳行业企业、工业发展水平较高地区企业及媒体关注度较高企业中表现更为突出;(2)低碳城市试点与环境审计在促进企业减少碳排放方面存在互补关系;(3)机制检验表明,技术创新在低碳城市试点促进企业减碳方面起到部分中介作用。

Development of a Low Carbon Economy in Wuxi City

The development of a Low Carbon Economy is a vital instrument to encounter climate change and take into account the growing challenges of an increasing urbanization in China. Wuxi City in East China’s Jiangsu Province is starting to implement a Low Carbon City Plan for safeguarding a sustainable development of the city until 2020 and beyond. This paper aims at estimating the impact of the Low Carbon City plan for Wuxi’s energy demand and CO2-emissions until 2050. Using an econometric energy supply and demand model to estimate and forecast the Wuxi energy and CO2-balance aggregates until 2050, it compares a scenario without specific Low Carbon City measures to reduce sectoral CO2-intensities to a Low Carbon scenario implementing these measures according to the Low Carbon City Plan until 2020 and beyond. The decomposition of the Kaya-identity reveals that the increase of per capita income has the largest impact on the growth of CO2-emissions and the decrease of energy intensity of Gross Value Added the largest impact on the reduction of CO2-emissions in Wuxi. A decrease of population and CO2-intensity of Primary energy supply only have average contributions. The decrease of energy intensity of Gross Value Added is due to energy efficiency gains in the single economic sectors, but to a large extent due to structural changes of the economy away from energy intensive sectors such as iron and steel, chemical industry or cement industry towards the energy extensive service sectors. A growing residential sector also reduces the industrial share of energy demand. Only following the assumed national trend with a shift from CO2-intensive industries to a CO2-extensive service economy, the Low Carbon goal of a 50% reduction of CO2-intensity of Gross Value Added compared to 2005 cannot be reached in Wuxi. Specific sectoral CO2 -intensity goals have to be successfully observed by the economic sectors in Wuxi, especially by the industry. The promotion of combined heat and power generation also has to contribute to the specific activities in Wuxi.

Scenario analysis for the energy demand and carbon emissions in low carbon city

This paper takes the climate change and low carbon economy development as the study background, based on the analysis of energy demand and carbon emissions status, which is aimed to provide the low carbon development path in Chinese cities. The method of scenario analysis can be used to predict long-term strategy for the uncertainty future development, and it was introduced to the field of social forecasting and public policy research, such as the environmental strategic planning, policy analysis, and support of decision in resource management, which can be used to explore the possible development trend and target of the results from the macro perspective. Scenario analysis has been gradually applied to the study area on low carbon economy, energy forecasting and other fields in recent years, and there have been many research results in different aspects. This paper takes the scenario analysis as basic study theory, spreading out the present situation of its application in low carbon city and some issues that need further study. As a tool for predicting the future development in low carbon city, the method of scenario analysis has been providing a powerful reference for policies and their executants.

Development Situations and Countermeasures of Low Carbon Ecological Circular Agriculture:A Case Study of Nantong City

Developing the low carbon ecological circular agriculture is an effective approach to realizing low carbon development of agriculture. Through investigation on existing measures and performance of development of low carbon type ecological circular agriculture in Nantong City, we analyzed the potential and problems of Nantong City in developing low carbon type ecological circular agriculture. Finally, with reference to domestic and foreign research achievements and practical experience, we put forward countermeasures for developing low carbon type ecological circular agriculture in Nantong City from building technical system and government guidance.

基于DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC的低碳城市建设影响因素研究

城市低碳建设不但是国家优先考虑的问题,而且也是推动城市可持续发展与生态文明建设的重要任务。结合DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC三种方法对低碳城市建设的影响因素进行分析,揭示其内部层级结构以及各因素间的内在联系与作用机理。运用DEMATEL法和ISM法,解析各因素间的层次关联,运用MICMAC法,解析各因素间的驱动依赖关系,为推动我国低碳城市的建设提供政策建议。结果表明:政府财政支持等几个因素是最重要的因素;居民生活水平和城市交通是最直接的因素;经济增长水平等因素是比较重要的因素,在促进低碳城市建设过程中需要更多关注以上因素,从而有效推进低碳城市建设进程。

Planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area(city of over 5 million people):Contributions of China’s geologists and urban geology

China established Xiong’an New Area in Hebei Province in 2017,which is planned to accommodate about 5 million people,aiming to relieve Beijing City of the functions non-essential to its role as China’s capital and to expedite the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.From 2017 to 2021,the China Geological Survey(CGS)took the lead in multi-factor urban geological surveys involving space,resources,environments,and disasters according to the general requirements of“global vision,international standards,distinctive Chinese features,and future-oriented goals”in Xiong’an New Area,identifying the engineering geologic conditions and geologic environmental challenges of this area.The achievements also include a 3D engineering geological structure model for the whole area,along with“one city proper and five clusters”,insights into the ecology and the background endowment of natural resources like land,geothermal resources,groundwater,and wetland of the area before engineering construction,a comprehensive monitoring network of resources and environments in the area,and the“Transparent Xiong’an”geological information platform that is open,shared,dynamically updated,and three-dimensionally visualized.China’s geologists and urban geology have played a significant role in the urban planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area,providing whole-process geological solutions for urban planning,construction,operation and management.The future urban construction of Xiong’an New Area will necessitate the theoretical and technical support of earth system science(ESS)from various aspects,and the purpose is to enhance the resilience of the new type of city and to provide support for the green,low-carbon,and sustainable development of this area.

低碳转型政策对上市公司环境-社会责任-公司治理的影响及作用机制

全面建设社会主义现代化国家的战略部署对中国经济社会发展的绿色低碳转型提出了新的要求。企业作为推进这一凤凰涅槃过程的核心主体,其践行环保减排、承担绿色责任的激励机制已经成为社会和学界关注的热点。该研究以低碳城市试点政策的实施作为一项代表性低碳转型政策和准自然实验,基于2009—2021年中国上市公司的微观数据,运用渐进双重差分模型考察了该政策实施对上市公司环境-社会责任-公司治理(ESG)质量的影响及作用机制。研究发现:①中国自2010年以来实施的低碳城市试点政策显著提升了上市公司的ESG质量,该政策使试点城市上市公司的ESG指数平均提高了27.42%,且这一结果在排除其他政策干扰、倾向得分匹配、安慰剂检验等一系列稳健性检验后依旧可靠。②在该政策的影响下,来自政府监管和公众舆论监督的压力是企业自主改善ESG质量的重要动因。③通过绿色金融支持缓解企业融资约束和推动企业绿色技术创新,是低碳转型政策改善企业ESG质量的重要机制。其中,绿色技术创新表现为量质齐升的良好态势,且能源节约类绿色技术的创新水平和质量提升在低碳城市试点政策改善企业ESG质量过程中发挥着更重要的作用。该研究表明,中国的低碳城市试点政策不仅在宏观层面推动了区域绿色低碳转型,在微观上也促进了企业践行低碳转型理念、承担可持续发展和绿色发展责任,这在丰富和补充企业ESG质量影响因素研究内容的同时,也为我国实现“双碳”目标提供了一定的学理支持和决策依据。

Necessity and Feasibility of Developing Low Carbon Agriculture in Xuzhou City

According to the characteristics of low carbon economy and low carbon agriculture at home and abroad,and combining with actual situations of agricultural development in Xuzhou City,the necessity of developing low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City is analyzed by the perspectives of its agricultural production conditions,agricultural modernization,comprehensive competitive power,ecological civilization and low carbon economy. Simultaneously,the feasibility of developing low carbon agriculture in the city is discussed through low carbon technology,rural land management model,agricultural input channel,agriculture-related scientific research system,agricultural research transformation mechanism and rural personnel training program to provide some references for promoting the rapid and sound development of low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City.

低碳转型能否提升企业环境-社会-治理表现?——基于“低碳城市试点”的准自然实验

以低碳城市试点政策的实施作为准自然实验,依据2009—2020年中国A股上市公司数据,运用多时点双重差分模型,考量低碳城市试点政策对企业环境-社会-治理(ESG)表现的影响。结果显示:低碳城市试点政策能有效提升企业的ESG表现;低碳城市试点政策通过提高企业绿色技术创新水平和环境治理投资来提升企业的ESG表现。进一步研究发现,低碳城市试点政策对国有企业,非重污染企业,企业市值压力和财务风险更低的企业、市场关注度更高的企业,ESG表现的提升作用更显著。鉴于此,地方政府应发挥政策的引导作用,分类推进重污染行业的低碳转型。

城市低碳治理对生态效率的影响--基于低碳城市试点政策的准自然实验

低碳城市建设和生态效率提升是城市实现高质量发展的重要途径。基于“波特假说”和“遵循成本假说”理论,文章利用2007—2018年中国283个城市的面板数据,运用DID方法实证考察了低碳城市试点政策对生态效率的影响。研究发现:低碳城市试点政策能够显著提升城市生态效率水平,这一结论在分别进行PSM-DID检验、平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验等多种情景下依然稳健;异质性检验表明,低碳城市试点政策对东部地区以及非资源型城市的正向作用较强;从影响机制看,低碳城市试点政策通过推动产业结构升级和技术创新,从而促进生态效率提升;进一步地,低碳城市试点的政策效应存在正向空间溢出效应,即其对相邻城市的生态效率提升具有显著正向影响。

基于改进熵权-TOPSIS法的资源枯竭型城市低碳转型策略研究--以铜川市为例

在“碳达峰、碳中和”目标提出的背景下,资源枯竭型城市迈向经济发展与绿色低碳转型共赢之路势在必行。文章在明晰铜川市低碳发展问题的前提下,构建城市低碳转型评价指标体系,运用改进熵权—TOPSIS法对铜川市近10年绿色低碳转型效果进行评价,以此提出铜川市应从产业调整升级、城市环境整治以及创新动能提升三个层面出发,推动铜川市低碳转型发展。

历史城区中"保护-低碳"的辩证关系及规划应对--以西安明城区为例

如何调解文化遗产保护与温室气体减排之间的紧张关系是新时期需要回答的系统性问题文章首先在辨析历史城区中"保护-低碳"对立统一关系的基础上,明确了"保护-低碳"平衡是历史城区发展的重要目标;其次通过案例梳理,总结出底线保障、效益最大、系统整合、同步行动和渐进实施等平衡原则;最后结合西安明城区,提出涉及城区功能优化、开发强度控制、设施介入管控与建筑改造指导等4个方面的规划目标及途径,以完善"保护-低碳"的系统认知,指导历史城区发展。

Low Carbon Urban Design Concept Planning of Handan Eastern New District

Currently urban issues show a dramatically increasing rely on auto use,which seriously affects the sustainable development of the city and makes how to build low-carbon cities become one of the urgent problems to be solved in the process of urban development.Therefore,low-carbon cities have become principles for China’s next generation of growth and the research hot spot of urban traffic planning.By taking a look at the concepts such as Compact City,transit-oriented development(TOD)city and‘small block’zoning,the article combined the relationship between urban spatial layout patterns and traffic development mode to build a green,low-carbon and sustainable urban development model.Finally,taking the urban design of the new district in the east of Handan City as an example,this research applied the concepts and approaches to planning practice,hoping to provide reference for building low carbon cities.