Comparative Analysis of Rice Export Competitiveness in Heilongjiang Province of China Based on Index Method

Based on the analysis of rice planting and export development in Heilongjiang Province in 2013-2021,this paper comprehensively used three export competitiveness analysis methods,namely,trade competitiveness index,revealed comparative advantage(RCA)analysis and international market share analysis,to compare the four major rice exporters in the world and the three major rice export provinces and cities in China.Besides,it evaluated the rice export competitiveness of Heilongjiang Province from multiple perspectives.It analyzed the reasons for low competitiveness in terms of export product structure,export market structure,production and processing technology,and brand building.Finally,it is recommended to clarify the positioning of rice export quality and take more measures to ensure product quality;improve the level of industrialization of rice production and processing,and extend the rice industry chain;develop diversified rice export markets and improve export flexibility;adhere to the principle of"opening the door and going out",expand the international popularity of high-quality brands,so as to enhance the rice export competitiveness of Heilongjiang Province.

Competitiveness and Complementarity of Cocoon Silk Trade between China and Southeast Asia

In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative,it is of great significance to study the trade ties between China and Southeast Asia with cocoon silk as a link.Trend analysis,trade competitiveness index and trade complementarity index were comprehensively used in this paper to study the competitiveness and complementarity of the cocoon silk trade between China and Southeast Asia.The results show that the export trade volume of cocoon silk of China and Southeast Asia is decreasing while fluctuating,but it is difficult for other regions to replace their export trade status in the world market.The development trend of the replacement of the silkworm cocoon trade by the raw silk trade is presented.The cocoon silk trade of China and Southeast Asia is characterized by dislocation competition.China's raw silk export trade is competitive and has become the leader of the raw silk export camp.This paper further analyzes the changes and complementarities of the cocoon silk trade competitiveness between China and Southeast Asia.

Development of Agricultural Products Trade between China and Four South Asian Countries--An Empirical Analysis Based on Trade Competitiveness and Complementarity

For the purpose of study,based on the data provided by the United Nations Comtrade Database in 2006-2016,and using the trade competitive advantage index,trade intensity index and trade complementarity index,this paper made an empirical analysis on the development of agricultural trade between China and four South Asian countries. The results show that the scale of agricultural trade between China and the four South Asian countries was further expanded,but the growth rate was stable and the trade share declined,but the development potential of both sides has not been fully explored. Generally,China's agricultural products remain at a relatively disadvantaged position. Trade competitiveness and complementarity coexist. There is a large development potential and cooperation space for agricultural products trade between China and four South Asian countries.

Export competitiveness of agricultural products and agricultural sustainability in China

The competitiveness of a country’s agricultural products is not only related to its capacity to export agricultural products,but also to the sustainability of its agricultural sector.How to improve the international competitiveness of a country’s agricultural products while maintaining the sustainability of its agricultural sector is a practical problem of great urgency for a country with a large agricultural sector such as China.With this in mind,this study should have a considerable policy and practical significance.We used two evaluation indices,namely trade competitiveness(TC)index and revealed comparative advantage(RCA)index,to measure and analyze the international competitiveness of six China’s representative agricultural products,i.e.,live pigs,live chickens,live cattle,apples,tea,and beer,and to examine the changing trends of these products’competitiveness during 1994-2013.The results indicate that the export competitiveness of China’s agricultural products is weak and likely to deteriorate further.However,some traditional agricultural products with distinctive regional characteristics,for example,tea and live pigs,are relatively strong internationally.To this end,China should vigorously promote the production and foreign trade in traditional agricultural products with distinctive regional characteristics.At the same time,comprehensive measures should be taken to enhance the international competitiveness of disadvantaged agricultural products.

RCEP成员国服务贸易竞争力研究——基于2012-2021年跨国面板数据

通过观测2012—2021年RCEP15个成员国的服务贸易数据,运用TC指数和RCA指数测算运输、旅游、商品相关服务和其他商业服务等行业的国际贸易竞争力状况,结果显示15个国家服务贸易发展不平衡、竞争力整体不强。从TC指数来看,柬埔寨、中国和新加坡具有微弱国际服务贸易竞争力;柬埔寨、缅甸、泰国在旅游业上具有比较强的竞争优势;中国、马来西亚、缅甸、菲律宾、越南在商品相关服务业方面具有比较强的竞争优势。从RCA指数来看,柬埔寨、新西兰、菲律宾、新加坡四个国家RCA指数超过1,具有比较强的国际服务贸易竞争力;文莱在运输服务方面具有极大的国际竞争优势;澳大利亚、柬埔寨、新西兰、泰国、老挝在旅游业方面具有极大的国际竞争优势;菲律宾、中国、缅甸、越南在商品相关服务业方面具有极大的国际竞争优势。RCEP各成员国要充分利用RCEP协议投资、贸易条件,构建高标准国际经贸规则,促进高水平开放;充分发挥各自的优势,提升核心竞争力;用数字经济赋能服务贸易的发展。

中美知识产权贸易影响因素测度

在全球经济转型中,象征着高新技术的知识产权贸易在全球贸易中占据越来越重要的地位。基于中美技术创新导致的知识产权贸易的优势差异,根据波特钻石模型,收集2010—2020年中美两国知识产权使用费和其他10个东道国(发达国家和发展中国家各5个)的有关面板数据,并引入东道国全球竞争力指数(GCI),运用实证模型进行多重共线性分析、基准回归、中介效应检验和异质性检验等,探究中美知识产权贸易的影响因素及其作用机制。结果发现:(1)考察期间知识产权使用费的收入均值中国远小于美国,同时收入差距中国远大于美国。(2)美国知识产权贸易仅受东道国的关税税率、平均受教育年限和劳工自由度3个因素影响,而中国知识产权贸易受制约因素更多(共7个),其中受东道国关税税率和劳工自由度的负向影响较大,在知识产权贸易方面的实力和比较优势与美国相比存在一定差距。(3)中介效应中国显著高于美国,其中东道国的关税税率和劳工自由度对美国知识产权出口贸易存在明显的部分中介效应,对中国而言则前者存在完全中介效应、后者为部分中介效应,同时东道国居民消费率为部分中介;此外,东道国GCI对中国的负向影响显著大于美国。(4)美国对发达国家和发展中国家的知识产权贸易均具有明显的优势和实力,而目前中国知识产权贸易的主要优势国为发展中国家。(5)美国签订自由贸易协定利于其削弱关税壁垒和人才流动的影响,于中国而言则可减轻受关税、人力资本和企业承载力的影响。基于此,提出中国进一步增强资源承载能力和知识产权贸易竞争力、提升知识产权质量和不断完善知识产权制度等对策建议。

Research on Measurement of China’s Inter-Provincial Trade,International Trade and Low-Carbon Trade Competitiveness

In this paper,Embodied carbon emission competitiveness in international trade and inter-provincial trade is measured and comparative analysis is conducted.Specifi cally the non-competitive input-output model and low-carbon trade competitiveness index are constructed to study the embodied carbon emission competitiveness of 31 Chinese provinces in international trade and inter-provincial trade from the perspectives of the whole,three industries and product sectors.We find that Shanghai is the most competitive in low-carbon trade,while Qinghai is the least;carbon leakage in international trade is severe;the performance of different product sectors differ widely in embodied carbon emission competitiveness in international trade and inter-provincial trade;the primary and secondary industries are competitive in low-carbon inter-provincial trade and the tertiary industry is competitive in low-carbon international trade.The innovations of this paper is as follows:methodology in low-carbon trade competitiveness index is innovated;macro,meso and micro perspectives are taken;factors in international trade and inter-provincial trade are combined in content.In the end,development of low-carbon trade is promoted and references for policy are provided for a new round of trade competition.

中国数字贸易竞争力研究

随着数字经济的发展和数字技术的不断进步,数字贸易在全球范围内逐渐成为新的经济增长点和国际贸易竞争的重要组成部分。然而,在数字贸易领域,中国与其他国家仍存在着一定的差距。本文首先阐述国际竞争力层次和中国数字贸易的发展现状,实证分析部分采用了RCA(显示性比较优势指数)、MS(国际市场占有率)和TC(贸易竞争优势指数)三大指数,对中国数字贸易竞争力在与其他九个国家比较的基础上进行了评估,辅以MI(Michaely指数)衡量其稳定程度,同时对信息通信类、内容娱乐类、商业金融类和专业知识类等细分领域进行比较分析。研究发现,中国数字贸易在总体显示性比较优势指数、国际市场占有率和贸易竞争优势指数方面均呈现出积极的发展趋势,然而在分行业层面表现尚存差异,部分行业特别是商业金融类和专业知识类的竞争力仍需提升。最后依据分析结论提出提高数字贸易竞争力的建议。

中日服务贸易竞争力对比分析

中国和日本作为两个亚洲最重要的经济强国,近年来在服务贸易的发展上也是高度重视,都有不同程度发展。通过显示性比较优势指数(RCA)、贸易竞争力指数(TC)和麦凯利指数(MI)比较分析发现中日两国的服务贸易业整体在国际上都不具备竞争力;总体来说,日本的服务贸易竞争力高于中国,但中国服务贸易水平正在匀速上升,具有很大的潜力;中国在电信、计算机和信息服务以及建筑服务行业具有出口竞争力并保有竞争优势,日本在别处未包括的知识产权服务和别处未包括的政府商品和服务业行业具有较强的优势和竞争力。中日服务贸易具有较强的互补性,两国应积极整合资源、共同提升两国的服务贸易竞争力。

中国服务贸易国际竞争力分析及国际比较

基于UNCTAD数据库2013—2022年服务贸易数据,本文运用MS指数、RCA指数、TC指数和CA指数分析我国服务贸易的国际竞争力,并与美国、德国、日本、印度和巴西等国家进行国际比较。研究发现:我国服务贸易发展态势良好,虽然整体而言国际竞争力相对较弱,但近年来一直处于上升趋势,竞争力越来越强。从不同行业来看,加工服务、维护和维修服务以及建筑服务表现出较强的国际竞争力;运输服务以及电信、计算机和信息服务,国际竞争力明显在增强。为进一步提高我国服务贸易国际竞争力,本文提出了优化服务贸易结构、加强数字基础设施建设等对策建议。

中国和哈萨克斯坦商品贸易竞合关系及优化对策

中亚五国是推进“丝绸之路经济带”倡议的第一站,哈萨克斯坦是中国在中亚五国中贸易规模最大的贸易伙伴,以往学者更关注中哈双边贸易的发展情况,而从哈萨克斯坦的角度研究中国商品在哈萨克斯坦的贸易地位的文献相对较少。基于此,文章根据联合国贸易统计数据库(UNcomtrade)中1995—2022年的中哈贸易数据,运用贸易结合度指数、出口相似度指数、显示性比较优势指数、贸易互补性指数对中国在哈萨克斯坦贸易中的地位及面临的竞争进行系统性分析,发现中国在机械及运输设备、杂项制品等工业制成品上具有竞争优势,哈萨克斯坦在矿物燃料、润滑油及有关原料等资源类产品上具有竞争力;在中国出口到哈萨克斯坦的产品中,制成品的互补性大于初级产品,在哈萨克斯坦出口到中国的产品中,初级产品互补性大于制成品,且整体看,中哈商品贸易的互补性大于竞争性。双方基于自身优势产品有更为广阔的合作空间。因此建议中国提升产品竞争力,优化对哈萨克斯坦商品出口结构,并培育面向哈萨克斯坦市场的优质品牌,拓展中哈贸易领域,进一步促进中哈贸易便利化。

中国数字贸易国际竞争力分析

本文基于UNCTAD数据库从行业层面分析我国2010—2022年数字贸易发展现状,进而测算包括中国在内的28个国家数字贸易MS、RCA和TC指数,并运用熵值法计算28国数字贸易综合竞争力指数和排名。研究表明,我国数字贸易综合竞争力仍有待加强。我国应抓住数字技术高速发展的机遇,加强数字基础设施建设,提高数字部门人才的专业素养,不断提升我国数字贸易竞争优势。

福建省低碳贸易竞争力评价研究

选择福建省作为研究对象,选取2012-2021年的相关数据,阐述福建省低碳贸易现状、计算低碳贸易竞争力指数,通过逐步回归选取变量,构建福建省出口贸易碳排放量影响因素计量评价模型。研究结果显示:福建省低碳贸易竞争力呈不断下降的趋势;福建省人力资本及企业信息化水平与福建省低碳贸易竞争力呈现负相关;科学技术创新、经济开放对福建省低碳贸易竞争力则呈现正相关;因此,应加大支持科学技术创新,加强相关专业人才培养力度,并推动企业节能减排与信息化、数字化的生产经营更好地结合,不断提升福建省低碳贸易竞争力水平。

中印数字服务贸易国际竞争力比较研究

随着新一轮产业革命的兴起,数字经济强势崛起,数字服务贸易在中国对外贸易总额中所占的比例不断增加。为进一步明确中国数字服务贸易的长短板,挖掘新的增长潜力,文章基于中国和印度两国数字服务进出口数据,构建TC指数和RCA指数,对比分析两国数字服务贸易发展情况,为此提出提升中国数字服务贸易国际竞争力的相关措施。

双循环新格局视角下我国木质人造板高质量发展路径研究

根据2001-2021年我国木质人造板产量、进出口贸易等数据,利用对外依存度等指标,考察我国木质胶合板、纤维板、刨花板双循环的状况,寻求木质人造板高质量发展的路径。结果显示:胶合板国内、国际市场发展空间受限,亟待转型升级;纤维板国内、国际市场双萎缩,提高产品质量是其高质量发展的关键;增加产量以满足国内需求和开拓国际市场,是构建刨花板双循环新格局的重点。最后探讨了我国木质人造板高质量发展的核心问题。

China’s Textile Industry International Competitive Advantage and Policy Suggestion

The share of China’s textile industry in global textile market has kept expanding for more than 20 years by full utilization of its advantage in factor endowment since the Reform and Opening Policy. This paper argues that current competitive advantage of China’s textile industry is still based on traditional factor comparative advantage, which may be weakened since the technol- ogy of international textile industry is upgrading continually and the international competition is more intensely than before. After China’s entrance to WTO there are some difficulties such as indisposition of industry and trade structure, trade barriers to Chinese textile industry. How to accelerate industry structure upgrading and enhance international competitive advantage of China’s textile industry is the primary issue for the development of China’s textile industry.

Analysis of Chinese A gricultural Product Trade

This paper clarifies thestatus of Chinese agricultural product trade through the calculation of Chinese agricultural product trade competitive advantage index for a total of 21 years from 1999 to 2019.

2022年中国刨花板进出口贸易状况及国际竞争力分析

以中国海关和联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)作为数据采集源,分析了中国刨花板国际贸易特征和国际竞争力。中国刨花板出口量经历了2021年爆发式增长后,2022年有所回落,出口量为36.93万t,仍是近10年较大的增长幅度;平均出口单价呈增长趋势。相比之下,中国刨花板进口增速放缓,进口量平稳,2022年进口刨花板77.52万t。中国刨花板国际竞争力可增长潜力较大。

中国胶合板类产品进出口贸易现状及特征分析

依据中国海关和联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)等的相关数据,对中国胶合板类产品的进出口贸易规模、产品结构及价格、空间格局等方面进行分析。得出中国胶合板类产品国际贸易存在较高贸易顺差,价低量高是中国胶合板类产品贸易竞争力指数和国际市场占有率较高的主要原因之一。因此在胶合板类产品进出口贸易发展中,及时调整产品结构、实施出口与内销并重、规避贸易风险以及加强品牌建设是中国胶合板类产品贸易稳定发展的必要保障。

黑龙江省稻米出口竞争力分析

黑龙江省凭借得天独厚的稻米种植条件长期稳居我国稻米生产与出口的大省地位。本文在分析2013-2021年黑龙江省稻米种植与出口发展情况的基础上,综合运用贸易竞争力指数、显示性比较优势分析和国际市场占有率分析3种出口竞争力分析方法,对标世界四大稻米出口强国、国内三大稻米出口省市进行横纵向对比,多角度测评黑龙江省稻米出口竞争力,从出口产品结构、出口市场结构、生产与加工技术以及品牌建设方面提出黑龙江省稻米出口竞争力不高的原因,认为应明确稻米出口品质定位,多举措保障产品质量;提高稻米生产与加工产业化水平,延伸大米产业链;开发多元化稻米出口市场,提高出口伸缩弹性;坚持“打开门、走出去”,扩大优质品牌国际知名度,以期提升黑龙江省稻米出口竞争力。