Low tidal volume mechanical ventilation is difficult to correct hypoxemia, and prolonged inhalation of pure oxygen can lead to oxygen poisoning. We suggest that continuous tracheal gas insufflation （TGI） during prot...Low tidal volume mechanical ventilation is difficult to correct hypoxemia, and prolonged inhalation of pure oxygen can lead to oxygen poisoning. We suggest that continuous tracheal gas insufflation （TGI） during protective mechanical ventilation could improve cardiopulmonary function in acute lung injury. Totally 12 healthy juvenile piglets were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated at PEEP of 2 cmH2O with a peak inspiratory pressure of 10 cmH2O. The piglets were challenged with lipopolysaccharide and randomly assigned into two groups （n=6 each group）： mechanical ventilation （MV） alone and TGI with continuous airway flow 2 I/min. FIO2 was set at 0.4 to avoid oxygen toxicity and continuously monitored with an oxygen analyzer. Tidal volume, ventilation efficacy index and mean airway resistant pressure were significantly improved in the TGI group （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. At 4 hours post ALl, pH decreased to below 7.20 in the MV group, and improved in the TGI group （P〈0.01）. Similarly, PaCO2 was stable and was significantly lower in the TGI group than in the MV group （P〈0.01）. PaO2 and PaO2/FIO2 increased also in the TGI group （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in heart rate, respiratory rate, mean artery pressure, central venous pressure, dynamic lung compliance and mean resistance of airway between the two groups. Lung histological examination showed reduced inflammation, reduced intra- alveolar and interstitial patchy hemorrhage, and homogenously expanded lungs in the TGI group. Continuous TGI during MV can significantly improve gas exchange and ventilation efficacy and may provide a better treatment for acute lung injury.展开更多
目的:探讨可优化性肺保护通气策略(LPVS)在中-重型创伤性颅脑损伤(TBI)患者围术期肺部等转归中的作用。方法:选取2020年2月—2021年2月德阳市人民医院收治的52例创伤性中-重型颅脑损伤患者作为研究对象,实施围术期LPVS,所有患者均采取...目的:探讨可优化性肺保护通气策略(LPVS)在中-重型创伤性颅脑损伤(TBI)患者围术期肺部等转归中的作用。方法:选取2020年2月—2021年2月德阳市人民医院收治的52例创伤性中-重型颅脑损伤患者作为研究对象,实施围术期LPVS,所有患者均采取压力调节容量控制(PRVC)通气,PRVC参数设置:Vol 6~8 mL/kg,RR 10~15 bpm,Ti∶Te=1∶2,呼气未正压(PEEP) 5 cmH_(2)O,FiO_(2) 50%,氧流量1~2 L/min,每隔120 min采取压力控制法(PCV)肺复张。记录麻醉诱导前(T0)、PRVC开始(T1)、PRVC后首次监测ICP (T2)、PRVC+PCV后关颅(T3)以及术后12 h (T4)、24 h(T5)、48 h (T6)、72 h (T7)、5 d (T8)的平均动脉压(MAP)、SPO_(2)、PetCO_(2)、ICP,测算脑灌注压(CPP);于各观察时点记录PRVC+PCV前后PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、记录手术时长、失血量、PRVC时长。结果:接受LPVS的患者采取PRVC,给予PCV肺复张,PaO_(2)、SpO_(2)、OI明显升高,T7、T8值改善明显高于T0、T1、T2,肺氧合功能改善。结论:可优化性LPVS拥有较好地预防肺不张、肺损伤,优化肺氧合功能,改良肺部转归,是中-重型围术期肺部非生理条件下机械通气呼吸的较理想管理方法。展开更多
Acute lung injury(ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is an acute progressive respiratory failure caused by severe infection, trauma, shock, poisoning, inhaled harmful gas, acute pancreatitis, and pathologi...Acute lung injury(ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is an acute progressive respiratory failure caused by severe infection, trauma, shock, poisoning, inhaled harmful gas, acute pancreatitis, and pathological obstetrics. ALI and ARDS demonstrate similar pathophysiological changes. The severe stage of ALI is defined as ARDS. At present, a significant progress has been achieved in the study of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS. Whether or not ALI/ARDS patients can recover depends on the degree of lung injury, extra-pulmonary organ damage, original primary disease of a patient, and adequacy in supportive care. Conservative infusion strategies and protective lung ventilation reduce ARDS disability and mortality. In this study, the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS, lung injury, molecular mechanisms of lung repair, and conservative infusion strategies and pulmonary protective ventilation are reviewed comprehensively.展开更多
文摘Low tidal volume mechanical ventilation is difficult to correct hypoxemia, and prolonged inhalation of pure oxygen can lead to oxygen poisoning. We suggest that continuous tracheal gas insufflation （TGI） during protective mechanical ventilation could improve cardiopulmonary function in acute lung injury. Totally 12 healthy juvenile piglets were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated at PEEP of 2 cmH2O with a peak inspiratory pressure of 10 cmH2O. The piglets were challenged with lipopolysaccharide and randomly assigned into two groups （n=6 each group）： mechanical ventilation （MV） alone and TGI with continuous airway flow 2 I/min. FIO2 was set at 0.4 to avoid oxygen toxicity and continuously monitored with an oxygen analyzer. Tidal volume, ventilation efficacy index and mean airway resistant pressure were significantly improved in the TGI group （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. At 4 hours post ALl, pH decreased to below 7.20 in the MV group, and improved in the TGI group （P〈0.01）. Similarly, PaCO2 was stable and was significantly lower in the TGI group than in the MV group （P〈0.01）. PaO2 and PaO2/FIO2 increased also in the TGI group （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in heart rate, respiratory rate, mean artery pressure, central venous pressure, dynamic lung compliance and mean resistance of airway between the two groups. Lung histological examination showed reduced inflammation, reduced intra- alveolar and interstitial patchy hemorrhage, and homogenously expanded lungs in the TGI group. Continuous TGI during MV can significantly improve gas exchange and ventilation efficacy and may provide a better treatment for acute lung injury.
文摘目的:探讨可优化性肺保护通气策略(LPVS)在中-重型创伤性颅脑损伤(TBI)患者围术期肺部等转归中的作用。方法:选取2020年2月—2021年2月德阳市人民医院收治的52例创伤性中-重型颅脑损伤患者作为研究对象,实施围术期LPVS,所有患者均采取压力调节容量控制(PRVC)通气,PRVC参数设置:Vol 6~8 mL/kg,RR 10~15 bpm,Ti∶Te=1∶2,呼气未正压(PEEP) 5 cmH_(2)O,FiO_(2) 50%,氧流量1~2 L/min,每隔120 min采取压力控制法(PCV)肺复张。记录麻醉诱导前(T0)、PRVC开始(T1)、PRVC后首次监测ICP (T2)、PRVC+PCV后关颅(T3)以及术后12 h (T4)、24 h(T5)、48 h (T6)、72 h (T7)、5 d (T8)的平均动脉压(MAP)、SPO_(2)、PetCO_(2)、ICP,测算脑灌注压(CPP);于各观察时点记录PRVC+PCV前后PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、记录手术时长、失血量、PRVC时长。结果:接受LPVS的患者采取PRVC,给予PCV肺复张,PaO_(2)、SpO_(2)、OI明显升高,T7、T8值改善明显高于T0、T1、T2,肺氧合功能改善。结论:可优化性LPVS拥有较好地预防肺不张、肺损伤,优化肺氧合功能,改良肺部转归,是中-重型围术期肺部非生理条件下机械通气呼吸的较理想管理方法。
文摘Acute lung injury(ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is an acute progressive respiratory failure caused by severe infection, trauma, shock, poisoning, inhaled harmful gas, acute pancreatitis, and pathological obstetrics. ALI and ARDS demonstrate similar pathophysiological changes. The severe stage of ALI is defined as ARDS. At present, a significant progress has been achieved in the study of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS. Whether or not ALI/ARDS patients can recover depends on the degree of lung injury, extra-pulmonary organ damage, original primary disease of a patient, and adequacy in supportive care. Conservative infusion strategies and protective lung ventilation reduce ARDS disability and mortality. In this study, the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS, lung injury, molecular mechanisms of lung repair, and conservative infusion strategies and pulmonary protective ventilation are reviewed comprehensively.
