Lutein-stevioside nanoparticle attenuates H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage in ARPE cells

In order to improve the bioavailability of lutein(LUT),a novel lutein-stevio side nanoparticle(LUT-STE)were prepared previously,but the information about LUT-STE on protecting of eye health was limited.This study investigated the effect of LUT-STE on antioxidant activity of H_(2)O_(2)-induced human retinal pigment epithelial(ARPE)cells.LUT and LUT-STE(final concentration of 5μg/mL)significantly enhanced cell viability from(74.84±5.10)%to(81.92±10.01)%(LUT)and(89.33±4.34)%(LUT-STE),and inhibited the cell apoptosis(P<0.05).After pretreatment with LUT-STE in ARPE cells,the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px)in ARPE cells were significantly increased(P<0.05),the contents of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were decreased.In addition,the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)levels were inhibited by 13.61%and 17.39%,respectively,pretreatment with LUT and LUT-STE.Western blotting results showed that the pretreatment with LUT-STE inhibited the expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax pathway to inhibit H_(2)O_(2)-induced apoptosis.In summary,the novel delivery LUT-STE had more pronounced inhibitory effect on H_(2)O_(2)-induced damage in human ARPE cells.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.):An ornamental plant and feedstock for industrial lutein production

Marigold(Tagetes erecta L., African marigold) is a widely grown ornamental plant and a main source of the carotenoid lutein for the industrial production of pharmaceuticals, food coloring, and feed additives. To gain a deeper understanding of the genetic mechanism of lutein in marigold, a chromosome-scale assembly of the marigold(T. erecta V-01) genome was completed based on Illumina, PacBio, and Hi-C reads. The707.21-Mb assembled genome consisted of 35 834 annotated protein-coding genes, with 97.7% genomic integrity. We anchored 87.8% of the contigs(covering 621.20 Mb) to 12 pseudochromosomes, bringing the scaffold N50 length to 54.15 Mb. Phylogenetic analysis showed that marigold was closely related to the Asteraceae species bitter vine(Mikania micrantha) and sunflower(Helianthus annuus), all three of which originated in the Americas. Marigold diverged from the sunflower clade 23.57 million years ago(MYA) and from M. micrantha 19.59 MYA.Marigold has undergone three whole-genome duplication events, as well as a recent whole-genome duplication event(WGD-2) common to H.annuus and M. micrantha. Marigold gene families were significantly less expanded than those of M. micrantha or H. annuus, and the marigold genome contained significantly fewer interspersed repeats, which might account for its smaller genome. In addition, a range of candidate genes involved in the lutein biosynthetic pathway were identified. The high-quality reference genome obtained in this study provided a valuable genomic resource for studying the evolution of the Asteraceae family and for improving marigold breeding strategies.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanism by which blue light promotes lutein synthesis in strawberry

Carotenoids are an important component of the human diet, and fruit is a primary source of carotenoids. The synthesis and regulation of carotenoids in fruit are important contributors to the formation of fruit quality. In China, strawberry is one of the main seasonal fruits grown in the winter. Previous studies have shown that light has a significant effect on the metabolism of anthocyanins, sugars, and polyphenols in strawberry. However, the understanding of the role of light in regulating the metabolism of carotenoids in strawberry remains limited. This study investigated the effects of blue, red, yellow-green, and white light on carotenoid metabolism in strawberry.Blue light treatment promoted the synthesis of multiple carotenoids, including lutein, compared with the other three treatment groups. The RNA sequencing data revealed that blue light treatment promoted the expression of lycopene ε-cyclase(LCYE), and the transient overexpression of LCYE in strawberry fruit promoted lutein accumulation in strawberry. Overall, the results suggest that blue light can promote the synthesis of lutein in strawberry by inducing the expression of LCYE.

Effect of sodium alginate-based hydrogel loaded with lutein on gut microbiota and inflammatory response in DSS-induced colitis mice

In order to effectively deliver lutein to the inflamed colon and better exert its pharmacological activity,this paper constructed a sodium alginate hydrogel-based delivery system loaded with lutein nanoparticles,evaluated the regulation on the expression and secretion of related inflammatory factors in mice with colitis,and its impact on intestinal microbial environment.The results showed that comparing lutein crystal and its nanoparticle,lutein hydrogel alleviated dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis in mice more effectively by adjusting fecal heme content,colon tissue damage,and inflammatory factor levels.Moreover,lutein hydrogel increased the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins zonula occluden-1(ZO-1),claudin-1 and occludin to maintain the integrity of the intestinal-barrier,inhibited the nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)pathway and reduced expression and secretion of inflammatory factors including tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),NOD-like receptors 3(NLRP3)and interleukin(IL)-1β.In addition,the intestinal microbial environment of mice with colitis was improved by down-regulating the relative abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae and up-regulating the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae and Rikenellaceae.As a slow-release carrier to load lutein nanoparticles,sodium alginate-based hydrogel has potential application prospect.

Impact of Lutein-Based Food Supplement on Macular Pigment, Glare and Contrast Vision

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of a specially formulated food supplement containing 20 mg free lutein and 2.8 mg zeaxanthin on macular pigment volume (MPV) and visual function. Methods: In this prospective non-comparative study healthy subjects were instructed to take one capsule of Eagle Eye Lutein 20 Vision Caps (Innomedis AG) per day with a meal for 6 months. MPV was measured with the MP-Eye system (AzulOptics) after 3 and 6 months of treatment. Mesopic vision (MV), glare sensitivity (GS) and contrast vision threshold (CVT) were measured with the Binoptometer 4P system (OCULUS Optikgeräte). Results: Twenty-three healthy subjects between 19 and 56 years were enrolled. A significant increase was observed in MPV (p Conclusions: The specially formulated food supplement containing lutein and zeaxanthin induced a significant increase in MPV, and consequently an improvement in the visual function after 3 and 6 months in healthy subjects.

Impact of Lutein-Based Food Supplement on Macular Pigment, Glare and Contrast Vision

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of a specially formulated food supplement containing 20 mg free lutein and 2.8 mg zeaxanthin on macular pigment volume (MPV) and visual function. Methods: In this prospective non-comparative study healthy subjects were instructed to take one capsule of Eagle Eye Lutein 20 Vision Caps (Innomedis AG) per day with a meal for 6 months. MPV was measured with the MP-Eye system (AzulOptics) after 3 and 6 months of treatment. Mesopic vision (MV), glare sensitivity (GS) and contrast vision threshold (CVT) were measured with the Binoptometer 4P system (OCULUS Optikgeräte). Results: Twenty-three healthy subjects between 19 and 56 years were enrolled. A significant increase was observed in MPV (p Conclusions: The specially formulated food supplement containing lutein and zeaxanthin induced a significant increase in MPV, and consequently an improvement in the visual function after 3 and 6 months in healthy subjects.

Comparison of vegetable oils on the uptake of lutein and zeaxanthin by ARPE-19 cells

AIM:To compare the effect of vegetable oils on the uptake of lutein and zeaxanthin by adult retinal pigment epithelial(ARPE)-19 cells in vitro.METHODS:ARPE-19 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium-F-12 supplemented with 10%foetal bovine serum and 1%penicillin–streptomycin in a humidified 5%CO_(2) incubator maintained at 37℃.Cells were treated with 247μmol/L lutein,49μmol/L zeaxanthin and 1%(v/v)of either coconut oil,corn oil,peanut oil,olive oil,sunflower oil,soybean oil,castor oil,or linseed oil for 48h.Lutein and zeaxanthin concentration in the cells were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography.RESULTS:Among the oils tested,the highest lutein and zeaxanthin uptake was observed with coconut oil while the lowest was observed with linseed oil.CONCLUSION:ARPE-19 uptake of lutein and zeaxanthin are found to be dependent on the type of oils.

Photoprotective Effects of D1 Protein Turnover and the Lutein Cycle on Three Ephemeral Plants under Heat Stress

To clarify the characteristics of photoinhibition and the primary defense mechanisms of ephemeral plant leaves against photodestruction under high temperature stress,inhibitors and the technology to determine chlorophyll fluorescence were used to explore the protective effects of D1 protein turnover and the lutein cycle in the high temperature stress of the leaves of three ephemeral plants.The results showed that the maximum light conversion efficiency(Fv/Fm)of the ephemeral plant leaves decreased,and the initial fluorescence(Fo)increased under 35℃±1℃ heat stress for 1-4 h or on sunny days in the summer.Both Fv/Fm and Fo could be recovered after 8 h of darkness or afternoon weakening of the external temperature.Streptomycin sulfate(SM)or dithiothreitol(DTT)accelerated the decrease of Fv/Fm and the photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)in the leaves of three ephemeral plants at high temperature,and the decrease was greater in the SM than in the DTT treatment.When the high temperature stress was prolonged,the Y(II)values of light energy distribution parameters of PSII decreased,and the Y(NPQ)and Y(NO)values increased gradually in all the treatment groups of the three ephemeral plants.The results showed that the leaves of the three ephemeral plants had their own highly advanced mechanisms to protect against photodamage,which inhibited the turnover of D1 protein and xanthophyll cycle.This can damage the PSII reaction center in the leaves of the three ephemeral plants under high temperature.The protective effect of D1 protein turnover on heat stress in Erodium oxyrrhynchum and Senecio subdentatus was greater than that of the lutein cycle,while the protective effect of lutein cycle was greater than that of D1 protein turnover in Heliotropium acutiflorum subjected to heat damage.

基于快照式多光谱特征波长的小球藻叶黄素产量快速测定

叶黄素是天然的抗氧化剂,对人体健康有多种益处,异养小球藻具有叶黄素纯度和产量均较高的优势,而小球藻叶黄素产量主要取决于生物质产量和叶黄素含量两个因素。传统的光密度法测生物质产量和高效液相色谱法测叶黄素含量存在操作复杂、时效性低等不足。为了快速、无损测定小球藻生长过程中叶黄素含量变化,搭建可见-近红外双模式快照式多光谱成像检测系统,根据光谱响应区域,分别利用可见光相机获取叶黄素光谱信息,近红外相机获取生物质光谱信息,构建含有生物质量和叶黄素含量信息的可见-近红外双模式多光谱数据集。针对系统所使用的快照式多光谱相机光谱范围宽、波长数量少的特征波长选取问题,提出一种结合序列浮动前向选择的改进型连续投影算法(mSPA);将mSPA与常规的连续投影算法、遗传算法及随机蛙跳三种波长选择算法作对比分析后,构建了基于特征波长的多元线性回归和极限学习机模型;最后,利用生物质产量和叶黄素含量的最佳预测模型生成小球藻叶黄素产量的可视化分布图。结果表明,在利用近红外、可见光相机分别检测小球藻生物质、叶黄素量时,mSPA得到的特征波长数均较少,并具有最高的预测精度。生物质量与叶黄素含量的最佳模型均为mSPA筛选特征波长后建立的极限学习机模型,对应的预测集决定系数分别为0.947和0.907,预测集均方根误差分别为0.698 g·L^(-1)和0.077 mg·g^(-1),剩余预测偏差分别为3.535和3.338,模型的预测能力较好。可视化分布实现了直观监测小球藻叶黄素产量的变化,有助于后续实际生产中在线检测叶黄素产量。mSPA在快照式多光谱检测小球藻生物质含量及叶黄素含量中,通过对排序波长逐个评估以选择出最佳特征波长组合,有效地避免了特征波长的错选、漏选,提高了模型的预测精度,为快照式多光谱成像技术应用提供新的波长选择思路。

早卵泡期长效长方案促排卵过程中内源性黄体生成素升高后拮抗剂的应用对临床结局的影响

目的:探讨早卵泡期长效长方案控制性促排卵过程中出现内源性黄体生成素(LH)升高后拮抗剂的应用对新鲜周期移植临床结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析2016年9月至2022年12月于河南省人民医院生殖医学中心行体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子注射-胚胎移植助孕的早卵泡期长效长方案出现内源性LH升高的240个周期,根据是否添加拮抗剂分为两组,并采用倾向性评分匹配进行1∶1匹配,最终纳入194个周期,其中A组(添加拮抗剂)97个周期,B组(未添加拮抗剂)97个周期。比较两组患者促排卵过程中相关临床指标及新鲜周期移植临床结局的差异。结果:A组Gn应用时间、Gn启动日LH、 hCG前日LH水平、成熟卵数均高于B组,但hCG日LH水平低于B组(P<0.05)。A、B组平均移植胚胎数、卵裂期胚胎移植占比、临床妊娠率、异位妊娠率及活产率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:早卵泡期长效长方案控制性促排卵出现内源性LH升高时添加拮抗剂可以有效抑制LH水平,获得较为理想的临床结局。

星点设计-效应面法优化乙醚提取万寿菊中叶黄素的工艺条件

为优化从万寿菊鲜花中提取叶黄素的提取工艺条件,以乙醚与水的不同混合比例及振荡时间作为考察对象,提取率作为考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,采用星点设计-效应面法,通过对设计的13组试验结果进行多元线性回归分析,建立数学模型,绘出三维效应面图,优化出最佳提取条件为:乙醚与水的体积比为7.12,振荡时间为27.78 min。按照最佳工艺条件实测提取率是2.51%,与理论预测的偏差值为4.9%。该模型失拟项不显著,模型可靠,实验设计简单,具有较好的可预测性。

叶黄素对兔创伤性颞下颌关节强直的预防作用研究

目的:探讨叶黄素对兔创伤性颞下颌关节强直的作用。方法:将16只新西兰大白兔随机分为空白对照组及叶黄素干预组(实验组),所有实验动物均在保护关节囊的前提下建立创伤性颞下颌关节强直模型。术后实验组口服叶黄素10 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),连续给药4周。比较2组动物的最大开口度、体重、组织学、影像学、骨代谢指标等方面的差异。采用GraphPad Prism 9.4.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:术后实验组动物体重、开口度、血清骨钙素浓度、CT测量的髁突表面积及体积显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。组织形态学观察显示,2组实验动物髁突残端可见编织骨和新生骨,纤维中有时可见软骨化生灶,偶可见肉芽组织和陈旧性出血。实验组髁突纤维层增厚,细胞增殖活跃,细胞层次更加明显。结论:叶黄素对创伤性颞下颌关节强直的发生有一定预防作用,其作用机制可能与叶黄素促进骨形成、提高血清骨钙素浓度等有关。

拮抗剂方案下波塞冬4组患者不同时机添加人重组黄体生成素的临床效果

目的 探讨拮抗剂方案中不同时机添加重组人黄体生成素(rLH)在波塞冬4组患者体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子注射(IVF/ICSI)周期中的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2022年12月在我中心行拮抗剂方案促排卵并符合波塞冬4组诊断标准的卵巢低反应(POR)患者的临床资料,按照是否添加rLH和添加时机分为4组:对照组(促排卵过程中未添加rLH,n=481)、早卵泡期添加组[在促性腺激素(Gn)启动日添加rLH,n=116]、拮抗剂日添加组(拮抗剂添加日添加rLH,n=100)和晚卵泡期添加组(Gn使用8 d后添加rLH,n=82),比较各组患者的一般情况、促排卵情况、胚胎发育情况和鲜胚移植临床妊娠结局。结果 (1)一般情况:各组间患者年龄、不孕年限、既往IVF/ICSI治疗周期数和不孕类型比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(2)促排卵情况:与对照组比较,早卵泡期添加组Gn刺激天数、Gn总量均显著减少(P<0.05),而晚卵泡期添加组的Gn刺激天数和Gn总量均显著增加(P<0.01),拮抗剂日添加组Gn刺激天数显著减少(P<0.05);拮抗剂日添加组E2水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),早卵泡期添加组HCG日≥18 mm卵泡数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),早卵泡期添加组和拮抗剂日添加组HCG日内膜厚度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)胚胎发育情况:在IVF和ICSI周期中,早卵泡期添加组获卵数、2PN数、2PN卵裂数、D3优胚数和可利用胚胎数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在IVF周期中,拮抗剂日添加组获卵数、2PN数和2PN卵裂数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)妊娠结局:早卵泡期、拮抗剂日和晚卵泡期添加组鲜胚移植率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);早卵泡期和拮抗剂日添加组周期取消率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 对于高龄、卵巢低储备的POR患者,早卵泡期添加rLH可获得更多的卵母细胞、第3天优质胚胎和可利用胚胎,降低周期取消率,获得更多的移植机会。

鲜益母草胶囊联合屈螺酮炔雌醇片对稽留流产清宫术后患者血清促卵泡生成素黄体生成素雌二醇水平及子宫内膜的影响

探讨鲜益母草胶囊联合屈螺酮炔雌醇片对稽留流产清宫术后患者血清促卵泡生成素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E_(2))水平及子宫内膜的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月天津市西青医院妇科稽留流产的90例女性为研究对象,根据治疗方法分为对照组和研究组,各45例。90例患者均在清宫术后进行治疗,术后配合抗感染处理,其中,对照组患者采用屈螺酮炔雌醇片治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上给予鲜益母草胶囊治疗,比较2组临床疗效、子宫内膜厚度、月经情况、血清FSH、LH、E_(2)水平、炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-8水平。结果经治疗,研究组有效率达到96%,比对照组(78%)高,2组阴道出血量、子宫内膜厚度、IL-2、IL-18、FSH、LH、E_(2),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对经清宫治疗的稽留流产患者予以鲜益母草胶囊和屈螺酮炔雌醇片治疗,临床效果显著,增加子宫内膜厚度,促进月经恢复正常,改善血清激素水平。

血清AMH及性激素水平与大学生体检多囊卵巢综合征的相关性

目的分析血清抗缪勒氏管激素(AMH)及性激素水平与大学生体检多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的相关性。方法收集2021年3月-2023年11月我院体检确诊为PCOS的80例大学生临床资料作为观察组,另外收集同时期体检的128例非PCOS人群临床资料为对照组。比较两组一般资料、AMH及性激素水平;受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)下面积(AUC)评价AMH及性激素6项对PCOS的预测效能;皮尔森相关性分析AMH水平与性激素水平的相关关系。结果两组年龄、身高、体重、体质量指数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PCOS组促卵泡生成素、促黄体生成素、雌二醇、睾酮、催乳素均高于非PCOS组,孕酮低于非PCOS组,差异显著,P<0.05。将PCOS=1,非PCOS=0作为因变量,AMH、性激素6项作为自变量,进行ROC曲线分析,结果显示,AMH及性激素6项均对PCOS有良好的预测价值,AUC分别为0.946、0.924,灵敏度分别为0.850、0.850,特异度为0.977、0.891。但AMH联合性激素6项的预测效能较高,AUC最大,为0.997,灵敏度为0.988,特异度为0.977。AMH的预测阈值为7.975ng/mL。PCOS患者血清AMH水平与促黄体生成素、雌二醇呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),与促卵泡生成素、睾酮、孕酮、催乳素的相关关系不显著(P>0.05)。结论AMH及性激素水平在大学生体检确认为PCOS血清中异常表达,血清AMH及性激素水平可能与PCOS具有一定相关性,AMH联合性激素6项目对PCOS有良好的评估价值,AMH与促黄体生成素、雌二醇呈显著正相关关系。

单时相GnRH激发试验对不同体重指数女童中枢性性早熟诊断价值的研究

目的 探讨单时相促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH)激发试验对不同体重指数(body mass index,BMI)女童中枢性性早熟(central precocious puberty,CPP)的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月—2023年8月在郑州大学第三附属医院就诊的7.5岁前出现乳房发育的760例女童数据。根据GnRH激发试验结果和临床表现综合诊断,分为CPP组(n=297)和非CPP组(n=463)。再根据体重指数(body mass index,BMI)分为正常体重组(n=540)、超重组(n=116)及肥胖组(n=104)。采用受试者操作特征曲线分析单时相GnRH激发试验对不同BMI女童CPP的诊断价值。结果 GnRH激发后30 min黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)/卵泡刺激素诊断CPP的曲线下面积为0.985,高于0、60、90 min LH/卵泡刺激素的曲线下面积(P<0.05)。30 min与60 minLH诊断价值相当(P>0.05)。30 min LH与BMI及BMI-Z值呈负相关(P<0.05)。30 min LH在正常体重、超重、肥胖女童中诊断CPP的曲线下面积分别为0.952、0.965、0.954 (P<0.05)。结论 30 min GnRH激发试验对不同BMI女童CPP均有较好的诊断价值,有望替代传统的GnRH激发试验,但应注意BMI对LH水平的影响。

遵义市2021—2023年性早熟女童的昼夜自发性促性腺激素水平检测

目的探讨与分析2021—2023年遵义市性早熟女童的昼夜自发性促性腺激素水平检测价值。方法选择2021年9月—2023年3月在遵义市妇幼保健院诊治的78例性早熟女童作为性早熟组,同期选择在遵义市妇幼保健院进行体检的78名健康女童作为健康组。检测两组昼夜自发性促性腺激素水平、25-羟维生素D、性激素结合球蛋白含量,同时判定所有女童的卵泡生长状况。结果性早熟组子宫长径、卵巢容积、总卵泡数、最大卵泡直径都显著高于健康组(P<0.05)。性早熟组夜间自发血、日间自发血的血清促黄体生成素、促卵泡生成素含量都显著高于健康组(P<0.05)。性早熟组空腹血清25-羟维生素D、性激素结合球蛋白含量都低于健康组(P<0.05)。在78例性早熟女童中,Spearman分析显示夜间自发血、日间自发血的血清促黄体生成素、促卵泡生成素含量、子宫长径、卵巢容积、总卵泡数、最大卵泡直径、25-羟维生素D、性激素结合球蛋白与女童性早熟存在相关性(r=0.744、0.699、0.714、0.766、0.794、0.636、0.715、0.677、-0.688、-0.714,P<0.05)。结论2021—2023年遵义市性早熟女童多表现为子宫长径、卵巢容积、总卵泡数、最大卵泡直径增加,也伴随有昼夜自发性促性腺激素水平升高与血清25-羟维生素D、性激素结合球蛋白含量降低,对性早熟女童的昼夜自发性促性腺激素水平检测具有重要的临床价值。

植物黄体素(Lutein)与环氧化黄体素-黄体素循环

介绍黄体素的生物合成途径,其在光合膜中的定位、生理功能及调控因子,提高黄体素水平的基因工程研究与生产应用概况以及近年来对新发现的环氧化黄体素-黄体素循环在植物中的分布、运行动态与功能的初步研究进展,并提出尚需深入研究的问题。

叶绿素对叶黄素生物可给率的影响

叶黄素具有多种生理活性,它在人体内不能合成,只能从外界获取,但叶黄素因其脂溶性的特点导致生物可给率低,如何高效补充叶黄素成为研究热点。叶绿素常与叶黄素共同出现在人类饮食中,且二者均为脂溶性物质,会产生一定的相互作用。因此研究膳食叶绿素及其结构变化对叶黄素生物可给率的影响具有重要意义。通过制备膳食中常见的8种不同结构的叶绿素(叶绿素a和b、脱镁叶绿素a和b、脱植基叶绿素a和b、脱镁叶绿酸a和b),采用体外静态消化模型和胶束化实验研究它们对叶黄素生物可给率的影响,并测定叶黄素和叶绿素形成的混合胶束粒径和电位的变化。结果表明,在共消化时不同结构的叶绿素能够显著提高叶黄素的回收率和生物可给率(P<0.05),其中脱镁叶绿素b的作用最为显著,所对应的叶黄素回收率和生物可给率分别为90.48%和80.44%。在消化过程中,未检测到明显的叶黄素降解产物,而叶绿素的结构则发生了明显的变化。通过消化物和胶束的平均粒径、荧光图像以及Zeta电位值可以确定胶束液体系比消化液体系更稳定,并且叶绿素可以通过与叶黄素形成复合物来保护叶黄素。本研究对如何提高叶黄素的生物可给率及消化利用性能具有一定的指导意义。

万寿菊叶黄素对蛋鸡蛋品质、血清生化指标、免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响

研究饲粮中添加万寿菊叶黄素(Marigold lutein)对蛋鸡蛋品质、血清生化、免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响。选取20~21周龄罗曼灰产蛋鸡432羽,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,另设阳性对照组,饲喂添加800 mg/kg万寿菊叶黄素的饲粮,命名为LDE-800组;其余4组为试验组,饲粮中分别添加200、400、800 mg/kg和1 600 mg/kg的万寿菊叶黄素分别命名为CG-200、CG-400、CG-800、CG-1600组。预试7 d,正试期56 d。于试验第28天和第56天测定蛋品质,在试验第56天采血测定免疫指标、抗氧化能力和血清生化指标。结果表明:(1)在蛋品质方面,在试验第28天时除CG-200组外其他试验组和阳性对照组的蛋黄颜色均显著提高,试验56 d时所有试验组和阳性对照组的蛋黄颜色均显著提高,但万寿菊叶黄素对其他蛋品质指标均无显著影响。(2)在血清生化方面,CG-1600组的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的含量显著增加(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶(AST)的活性也显著增加(P<0.05);CG-200组的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性则显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)在免疫功能方面,CG-200组和阳性对照组的蛋鸡血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量有显著提高(P<0.05);CG-400、CG-1600组和阳性对照组的蛋鸡血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量显著提高(P<0.05);CG-800、CG-1600组和阳性对照组蛋鸡血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著提高(P<0.05);CG-200组的蛋鸡血清白介素10(IL-10)含量显著提高(P<0.05),阳性对照组蛋鸡血清干扰素γ(INF-γ)含量有显著提高。(4)在抗氧化能力方面,CG-400组血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);CG-400、CG-800组血清中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著增强(P<0.05);CG-800、CG-1600组和阳性对照组血清中总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著增强(P<0.05);所有剂量组均对血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加适量的万寿菊叶黄素能够显著改善蛋黄颜色,并能增强机体的免疫功能及抗氧化能力。