To accelerate the breeding process, male sterile line is used to leave out the troublesome procedures of the artificial emasculation in tomato breeding. However, the fertility of the pollen thermo-sensitivity male ste...To accelerate the breeding process, male sterile line is used to leave out the troublesome procedures of the artificial emasculation in tomato breeding. However, the fertility of the pollen thermo-sensitivity male sterile line (PTMSL) and the stigma exsertion male sterile line (SEMSL) are affected easily by the environments when used alone. The trial materials were Da107 and the control was First. This study was conducted to create a new male sterile line of tomato characterized by pollen thermo-sensitivity and long style by genic recombination through the hybridizing of the PTMSL and SEMSL. Research on the statistics of the pollen germination rate, the contamination rate in F1 and the flower organics indicated that Da107 was an ideal TS and SE male sterile line with the sterility of 95%, as well as it also could be used as fertile line at low temperature. Meanwhile, the results showed that hybrid-seed contamination risk with selfed seeds from residual fertility in Da107 was low.展开更多
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one of the important vegetables in supplying vitamins, minerals and fiber to human diets worldwide. Its successful production in the tropics is, however, constrained by environmenta...Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one of the important vegetables in supplying vitamins, minerals and fiber to human diets worldwide. Its successful production in the tropics is, however, constrained by environmental variations especially under open field conditions. Two trials were conducted at the Horticulture Research and Teaching Field, Egerton University, Kenya to evaluate the effects of agricultural nets (agronets) herein called eco-friendly nets (EFNs) and floating row covers (FRCs) on microclimate modification, yield, and quality of tomato. A randomized complete block design with five replications was used. Tomato plants were grown under fine mesh EFN (0.4-mm pore diameter) cover, large mesh EFN (0.9-mm pore diameter) cover or FRC. The EFN and FRC were maintained either permanently closed or opened thrice a week from 9 am to 3 pm. Two open control treatments were used: unsprayed (untreated control) or sprayed with chemicals (treated control). The use of EFN or FRC modified the microclimate with higher temperatures, lower diurnal temperature ranges, and higher volumetric water content recorded compared with the controls. On the other hand, light quantity and photosynthetic active radiation were reduced by the use of EFN and FRC compared with the controls. The use of FRC and EFN resulted in more fruit and higher percent in marketable yield compared with open field production. Fruit quality at harvest was also significantly improved by the use of EFN and FRC. Fruits with higher total soluble solids (TSS), lower titratable acidity (TA), and higher sugar acid ratio were obtained in EFN and FRC treatments compared with the controls. Fruits harvested from EFN and FRC were also firmer compared with control fruits. These findings demonstrate the potential of EFN and FRC in modifying microclimate conditions and improving yields and quality of tomato under tropical field conditions.展开更多
The tomato plant (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) is a perennial, shrubby-like vegetable with high reproductive ability, which behaves like a typical annual crop. The aim of this work was to select suitable tests to asses...The tomato plant (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) is a perennial, shrubby-like vegetable with high reproductive ability, which behaves like a typical annual crop. The aim of this work was to select suitable tests to assess the quality of different lots of tomato seeds. Six batches of tomato seeds were assessed for parameter values: moisture content, germination, first count, accelerated aging (standard: 40 mL of water;saline solution: 11 g NaCl/100mL of water and saturated saline solution: 40 g NaCl/100mL water) and seedling emergence in soil. Accelerated aging through the use of saturated salt solution for 48 h or 72 h at 41°C resulted in an alternative and efficient way to evaluate the physiological quality of tomato seeds. The standard accelerated aging test was less efficient and exhibited higher moisture variation.展开更多
为丰富普通荞麦（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench）的序列信息，挖掘有效的 SSR 标记，基于Hiseq 2000测序平台对普通荞麦的种子转录谱进行测序、分析，利用 Misa 软件进行 SSR 位点扫描，采用Primer 5．0引物设计程序对其中的300个 SSR ...为丰富普通荞麦（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench）的序列信息，挖掘有效的 SSR 标记，基于Hiseq 2000测序平台对普通荞麦的种子转录谱进行测序、分析，利用 Misa 软件进行 SSR 位点扫描，采用Primer 5．0引物设计程序对其中的300个 SSR 位点设计引物，随机挑选40对引物对19个普通荞麦品系进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：测序共产生20508824条高质量的短序列（read），总长度为1889111004 bp，通过拼接最终获得54947条转录本（transcript）和36133个独立基因（unigene）。在2226个独立基因中发现了2666个 SSR 位点。有20对引物（占50％）能扩增出目标产物，其中，12对有多态性，多态性信息量（PIC）范围为0．10～0．93，平均为0．57，多态性程度高。展开更多
文摘To accelerate the breeding process, male sterile line is used to leave out the troublesome procedures of the artificial emasculation in tomato breeding. However, the fertility of the pollen thermo-sensitivity male sterile line (PTMSL) and the stigma exsertion male sterile line (SEMSL) are affected easily by the environments when used alone. The trial materials were Da107 and the control was First. This study was conducted to create a new male sterile line of tomato characterized by pollen thermo-sensitivity and long style by genic recombination through the hybridizing of the PTMSL and SEMSL. Research on the statistics of the pollen germination rate, the contamination rate in F1 and the flower organics indicated that Da107 was an ideal TS and SE male sterile line with the sterility of 95%, as well as it also could be used as fertile line at low temperature. Meanwhile, the results showed that hybrid-seed contamination risk with selfed seeds from residual fertility in Da107 was low.
文摘Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one of the important vegetables in supplying vitamins, minerals and fiber to human diets worldwide. Its successful production in the tropics is, however, constrained by environmental variations especially under open field conditions. Two trials were conducted at the Horticulture Research and Teaching Field, Egerton University, Kenya to evaluate the effects of agricultural nets (agronets) herein called eco-friendly nets (EFNs) and floating row covers (FRCs) on microclimate modification, yield, and quality of tomato. A randomized complete block design with five replications was used. Tomato plants were grown under fine mesh EFN (0.4-mm pore diameter) cover, large mesh EFN (0.9-mm pore diameter) cover or FRC. The EFN and FRC were maintained either permanently closed or opened thrice a week from 9 am to 3 pm. Two open control treatments were used: unsprayed (untreated control) or sprayed with chemicals (treated control). The use of EFN or FRC modified the microclimate with higher temperatures, lower diurnal temperature ranges, and higher volumetric water content recorded compared with the controls. On the other hand, light quantity and photosynthetic active radiation were reduced by the use of EFN and FRC compared with the controls. The use of FRC and EFN resulted in more fruit and higher percent in marketable yield compared with open field production. Fruit quality at harvest was also significantly improved by the use of EFN and FRC. Fruits with higher total soluble solids (TSS), lower titratable acidity (TA), and higher sugar acid ratio were obtained in EFN and FRC treatments compared with the controls. Fruits harvested from EFN and FRC were also firmer compared with control fruits. These findings demonstrate the potential of EFN and FRC in modifying microclimate conditions and improving yields and quality of tomato under tropical field conditions.
文摘The tomato plant (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) is a perennial, shrubby-like vegetable with high reproductive ability, which behaves like a typical annual crop. The aim of this work was to select suitable tests to assess the quality of different lots of tomato seeds. Six batches of tomato seeds were assessed for parameter values: moisture content, germination, first count, accelerated aging (standard: 40 mL of water;saline solution: 11 g NaCl/100mL of water and saturated saline solution: 40 g NaCl/100mL water) and seedling emergence in soil. Accelerated aging through the use of saturated salt solution for 48 h or 72 h at 41°C resulted in an alternative and efficient way to evaluate the physiological quality of tomato seeds. The standard accelerated aging test was less efficient and exhibited higher moisture variation.
文摘为丰富普通荞麦（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench）的序列信息，挖掘有效的 SSR 标记，基于Hiseq 2000测序平台对普通荞麦的种子转录谱进行测序、分析，利用 Misa 软件进行 SSR 位点扫描，采用Primer 5．0引物设计程序对其中的300个 SSR 位点设计引物，随机挑选40对引物对19个普通荞麦品系进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：测序共产生20508824条高质量的短序列（read），总长度为1889111004 bp，通过拼接最终获得54947条转录本（transcript）和36133个独立基因（unigene）。在2226个独立基因中发现了2666个 SSR 位点。有20对引物（占50％）能扩增出目标产物，其中，12对有多态性，多态性信息量（PIC）范围为0．10～0．93，平均为0．57，多态性程度高。
