Stochastic Air Traffic Flow Management for Demand and Capacity Balancing Under Capacity Uncertainty

This paper introduces an innovative approach to the synchronized demand-capacity balance with special focus on sector capacity uncertainty within a centrally controlled collaborative air traffic flow management(ATFM)framework.Further with previous study,the uncertainty in capacity is considered as a non-negligible issue regarding multiple reasons,like the impact of weather,the strike of air traffic controllers(ATCOs),the military use of airspace and the spatiotemporal distribution of nonscheduled flights,etc.These recessive factors affect the outcome of traffic flow optimization.In this research,the focus is placed on the impact of sector capacity uncertainty on demand and capacity balancing(DCB)optimization and ATFM,and multiple options,such as delay assignment and rerouting,are intended for regulating the traffic flow.A scenario optimization method for sector capacity in the presence of uncertainties is used to find the approximately optimal solution.The results show that the proposed approach can achieve better demand and capacity balancing and determine perfect integer solutions to ATFM problems,solving large-scale instances(24 h on seven capacity scenarios,with 6255 flights and 8949 trajectories)in 5-15 min.To the best of our knowledge,our experiment is the first to tackle large-scale instances of stochastic ATFM problems within the collaborative ATFM framework.

The carrying capacity for vegetation of forest land across China:Near real-time monitoring and short-term forecasting based on satellite observation

Ecological restoration projects implemented over the past 20 years have substantially increased forest coverage in China,but the high tree mortality of new afforestation forest remains a challenging but unsolved problem.It is still not clear how much vegetation can be sustained by the forest lands with given water,energy and soil conditions,i.e.,the carrying capacity for vegetation(CCV)of forest lands,which is the prerequisite for planning and implementing forest restoration projects.Here,we used a simplified method to evaluate the CCV across forest lands nationwide.Specifically,based on leaf area index(LAI)dataset,we use boosted regression tree and multiple linear regression model to analyze the CCV during 2001-2020 and 2021-2030 and explore the contribution of environmental factors.We find that there are three typical regions with lower CCV located in the Loess Plateau and the southern region of the Inner Mongolia Plateau,the Hengduan Mountain region,and the Tianshan Mountains.More importantly,the vegetation in the regions near the dry-wet climate transition zone show excess local carrying capacity for vegetation over the past two decades and they are more susceptible to potential climatic stress.In comparison,in the Greater Khingan Mountains and Hengduan Mountains,there is high potential to improve the forest growth.Temperature,precipitation and soil affects the CCV by shaping the vegetation in the optimal range.This indicates that more consideration should be given to restrictions of regional environmental constraints when planning afforestation and forest management.This study has important implications for guiding future forest scheme in China.

Fortifying the Digital Bastion: Pioneering Cybersecurity with Dynamic Secrets Management and CMDB Fusion in the Enterprise

In the relentless quest for digital sovereignty, organizations face an unprecedented challenge in safeguarding sensitive information, protecting against cyber threats, and maintaining regulatory compliance. This manuscript unveils a revolutionary blueprint for cyber resilience, empowering organizations to transcend the limitations of traditional cybersecurity paradigms and forge ahead into uncharted territories of data security excellence and frictionless secrets management experience. Enter a new era of cybersecurity innovation and continued excellence. By seamlessly integrating secrets based on logical environments and applications (assets), dynamic secrets management orchestrates and automates the secrets lifecycle management with other platform cohesive integrations. Enterprises can enhance security, streamline operations, fasten development practices, avoid secrets sprawl, and improve overall compliance and DevSecOps practice. This enables the enterprises to enhance security, streamline operations, fasten development & deployment practices, avoid secrets spawls, and improve overall volume in shipping software with paved-road DevSecOps Practices, and improve developers’ productivity. By seamlessly integrating secrets based on logical environments and applications (assets), dynamic secrets management orchestrates and automates the application secrets lifecycle with other platform cohesive integrations. Organizations can enhance security, streamline operations, fasten development & deployment practices, avoid secrets sprawl, and improve overall volume in shipping software with paved-road DevSecOps practices. Most importantly, increases developer productivity.

A Qualitative Appraisal of China’s Efforts in Fishing Capacity Management

This paper provides a critical review of some major efforts made by China to manage the fishing capacity of its marine capture fisheries. It begins by reviewing the key concepts and issues closely related to fishing capacity management. Following on this, a brief introduction to China’s marine capture fisheries is offered, especially the trends of its marine landings and marine fishing fleets and the status of fish stocks in waters under its jurisdiction. Next comes the main concern of the paper, i.e., some major actions recently initiated by China to deal with the overcapacity problem confronting it. The paper ends with conclusions and suggestions.

Integrated water risk early warning framework of the semi-arid transitional zone based on the water environmental carrying capacity (WECC)

Water risk early warning systems based on the water environmental carrying capacity(WECC)are powerful and effective tools to guarantee the sustainability of rivers.Existing work on the early warning of WECC has mainly concerned the comprehensive evaluation of the status quo and lacked a quantitative prejudgement and warning of future overload.In addition,existing quantitative methods for short-term early warning have rarely focused on the integrated change trends of the early warning indicators.Given the periodicity of the socioeconomic system,however,the water environmental system also follows a trend of cyclical fluctuations.Thus,it is meaningful to monitor and use this periodicity for the early warning of the WECC.In this study,we first adopted and improved the prosperity index method to develop an integrated water risk early warning framework.We also constructed a forecast model to qualitatively and quantitatively prejudge and warn about the development trends of the water environmental system.We selected the North Canal Basin(an essential connection among the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region)in China as a case study and predicted the WECC in 25 water environmental management units of the basin in 2018–2023.We found that the analysis of the prosperity index was helpful in predicting the WECC,to some extent.The result demonstrated that the early warning system provided reliable prediction(root mean square error of 0.0651 and mean absolute error of 0.1418),and the calculation results of the comprehensive early warning index(CEWI)conformed to the actual situation and related research in the river basin.From 2008 to 2023,the WECC of most water environmental management units in the basin had improved but with some spatial differences:the CEWI was generally poor in areas with many human disturbances,while it was relatively good in the upstream regions with higher forest and grass covers as well as in the downstream areas with larger water volume.Finally,through a sensitivity analysis of the indicators,we proposed specific management measures for the sustainability of the water environmental system in the North Canal Basin.Overall,the integrated water risk early warning framework could provide an appropriate method for the water environmental administration department to predict the WECC of the basin in the future.This framework could also assist in implementing corresponding management measures in advance,especially for the performance evaluation and the arrangement of key short-term tasks in the River Chief System in China.

Green Roof Performance for Stormwater Management in Equatorial Urban Areas Using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM)

Many Low Impact Developments (LIDs) have recently been developed as a sustainable integrated strategy for managing the quantity and quality of stormwater and surrounding amenities. Previous research showed that green roof is one of the most promising LIDs for slowing down rainwater, controlling rainwater volume, and enhancing rainwater quality by filtering and leaching contaminants from the substrate. However, there is no guideline for green roof design in Malaysia. Hence, Investigating the viability of using green roofs to manage stormwater and address flash flood hazards is urgently necessary. This study used the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to evaluate the effectiveness of green roof in managing stormwater and improving rainwater quality. The selected study area is the multistory car park (MSCP) rooftop at Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus. Nine green roof models with different configurations were created. Results revealed that the optimum design of a green roof is 100 mm of berm height, 150 mm of soil thickness, and 50 mm of drainage mat thickness. With the ability to reduce runoff generation by 26.73%, reduce TSS by 89.75%, TP by 93.07%, TN by 93.16%, and improved BOD by 81.33%. However, pH values dropped as low as 5.933 and became more acidic due to the substrates in green roof. These findings demonstrated that green roofs improve water quality, able to temporarily store excess rainfall and it is very promising and sustainable tool in managing stormwater.

Capacity of Mixed Traffic Flow Crossing Multi-Major-Lanes

Based on the gap acceptance theory, the mixed traffic flow composed of r representative types of vehicles 1, 2,…, r vehicles is analyzed with probability theory. Capacity model of the minor mixed traffic flow crossing m major lanes with M3 distributed headway on the unsignalized intersection is set up, and it is an extension of capacity model for one minor lane vehicle type crossing one major lane traffic flow.

Young and old forest in the boreal:critical stages of ecosystem dynamics and management under global change

The circumboreal forest encompasses diverse landscape structures, dynamics and forest age distributions determined by their physical setting, and historical and current disturbance regimes. However, due to intensifying forest utilisation, and in certain areas due to increasing natural disturbances, boreal forest age-class structures have changed rapidly, so that the proportion of old forest has substantially declined, while that of young post-harvest and post-natural-disturbance forest proportions have increased. In the future, with a warming climate in certain boreal regions, this trend may further be enhanced due to an increase in natural disturbances and large-scale use of forest biomass to replace fossil-based fuels and products.The major drivers of change of forest age class distributions and structures include the use of clearcut shortrotation harvesting, more frequent and severe natural disturbances due to climate warming in certain regions. The decline in old forest area, and increase in managed young forest lacking natural post-disturbance structural legacies,represent a major transformation in the ecological conditions of the boreal forest beyond historical limits of variability.This may introduce a threat to biodiversity, ecosystem resilience and long-term adaptive capacity of the forest ecosystem.To safeguard boreal forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, and to maintain the multiple services provided to societies by this forest biome, it is pivotal to maintain an adequate share and the ecological qualities of young postdisturbance stages, along with mature forest stages with old-growth characteristics. This requires management for natural post-disturbance legacy structures, and innovative use of diverse uneven-aged and continuous cover management approaches to maintain critical late-successional forest structures in landscapes.

Collaborative supply chain planning under dynamic lot sizing costs with capacity decision

Studies show that supply chain cooperation improves supply chain performance. However, it remains a challenge to develop and implement the realistic supply chain cooperation scheme. We investigate a two-echelon supply chain planning problem with capacity acquisition decision under asymmetric cost and demand information. A simple negotiation-based coordination mechanism is developed to synchronize production/order strategies of a supplier and a buyer. The coordination scheme shows how the supplier and the buyer modify their production and order policy in order to find a joint economic lot sizing plan, which saves the overall supply chain cost. The allocation of the cooperation benefit is determined by negotiation. Due to the complexity of the multiple periods, multiple level supply chain lot sizing with capacity decision, a heuristic algorithm is developed to find coordination solutions. Finally, the results of the numerical study indicate the performance of supply chain coordination scheme.

Effects of WeChat platform-based health management on health and self-management effectiveness of patients with severe chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have found that the prevalence of chronic heart failure in China is 0.9%,the number of people affected is more than 4 million,and the 5-year survival rate is even lower than that of malignant tumors.AIM To determine the impact of WeChat platform-based health management on severe chronic heart failure patients’health and self-management efficacy.METHODS A total of 120 patients suffering from chronic heart failure with cardiac function grade III-IV,under the classification of the New York Heart Association,were admitted to our hospital in May 2017.In January 2020,they were divided into two groups:A control group(with routine nursing intervention)and an observation group(with WeChat platform-based health management intervention).Changes in cardiac function,6-min walking distance(6MWD),high-sensitivity cardiac troponin(hs-cTnT),and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)were detected in both groups.The Self-Care Ability Scale(ESCA)score,Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire score,and compliance score were used to evaluate self-management ability,quality of life,and compliance of the two groups.During a follow-up period of 12 mo,the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events in both the groups was counted.RESULTS The left ventricular ejection fraction,stroke output,and 6MWD increased,and the hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP decreased in both the groups,as compared to those before the intervention.Further,cardiac function during the 6MWD,hs-cTnT,and NT-proBNP improved significantly in the observation group after intervention(P<0.05).The scores of self-care responsibility,self-concept,self-care skills,and selfcare health knowledge in the observation group were higher than those of the control group before intervention,and their ESCA scores were significantly improved after intervention(P<0.05).The Minnesota heart failure quality of life(LiHFe)scores of physical restriction,disease symptoms,psychological emotion,social relations,and other items were decreased compared to those of the control group before intervention,and the LiHFe scores of the observation group were significantly improved compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).With intervention,the compliance scores of rational diet,regular medication,healthy behavior,and timely reexamination were increased,thereby leading to the compliance scores of the observation group being significantly improved compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).During the 12 mo follow-up,the incidence rates of acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic rehospitalization in the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the hospitalization time in the observation group was shorter than that of the control group,but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION WeChat platform-based health management can improve the self-care ability and compliance of patients with severe chronic heart failure,improve the cardiac function and related indexes,reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events,and enable the avoidance of rehospitalization.

Strategies for Enhancing the Efficiency of Bioretention Swales and Basins for Urban Stormwater Management in Temperate Region

Among various schemes to reuse and recycle the limited urban fresh water resources, sustainable urban stormwater management, such as water sensitive urban design and rainwater harvesting, has been recognized as one of the most efficient and economically viable approaches. Storm runoff shall be treated as close as possible to its source before it is reused or discharged into public drainage network or receiving waters to enhance the water environment quality. Bioretention swale/basin, which has been commonly applied to treat runoff from roads, car parks, cyclist and pedestrian paths, rooftops, etc., is recognized to be the most efficient and aesthetic pleasing way to harvest rainwater in urban settings, and other longish shape runoff catchment area. This paper studied over 10 bioretention swales/basins applications in temperate region worldwide covering China, Germany, Norway, Austria, USA, and Australia. Key steps in bioretention swale/basin design and implementation in temperate region were investigated, such as strategic bioretention scheme selection, flow conveyance and hydraulic capacity design, filtering media profile, vegetation scheme selection and maintenance scheme, and suggestion and key design parameters. The critical path and parameters of bioretention swale/basin design which enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of its application for rainwater harvesting in temperate regions were derived.

信息流行病(Infodemic)管理能力研究--以WHO举措为依据的分析

信息流行病(infodemic,或称信息疫情)管理需要有良好的管理能力,当前对信息流行病的研究较少涉及管理能力方面的问题,本文对世界卫生组织开展的信息流行病管理能力建设举措进行分析,研究信息流行病管理能力所包括的内容并建立信息流行病管理能力模型,以期全面体现未来信息流行病管理人员需要掌握的基本能力,为我国开展信息流行病管理人员教育培训提供可以参考和遵循的标准。本文采用网络调研法,收集世界卫生组织开展的信息流行病管理能力培训和能力框架的相关资料并加以分析,采取半自然主义的质性研究方法,遵循“素材离散化处理—条目聚类处理—类簇关系分析”的步骤,对其进行系统分析。依据素材的系统分析结果,构建了由信息流行病认知能力、信息流行病监测能力、信息流行病分析能力、信息流行病干预能力、信息流行病评估能力以及支持性能力六个组成部分构成的信息流行病管理能力模型,研究了六大能力的具体内容,提出了具备这些能力需要坚持跨学科性与跨系统性相结合、理论性与实践性相结合、稳定性与迭代性相结合、应急性与持续性相结合、全周期性与全方位性相结合的对策建议。

Decoding the inconsistency of six cropland maps in China

Accurate cropland information is critical for agricultural planning and production,especially in foodstressed countries like China.Although widely used medium-to-high-resolution satellite-based cropland maps have been developed from various remotely sensed data sources over the past few decades,considerable discrepancies exist among these products both in total area and in spatial distribution of croplands,impeding further applications of these datasets.The factors influencing their inconsistency are also unknown.In this study,we evaluated the consistency and accuracy of six cropland maps widely used in China in circa 2020,including three state-of-the-art 10-m products(i.e.,Google Dynamic World,ESRI Land Cover,and ESA WorldCover)and three 30-m ones(i.e.,GLC_FCS30,GlobeLand 30,and CLCD).We also investigated the effects of landscape fragmentation,climate,and agricultural management.Validation using a ground-truth sample revealed that the 10-m-resolution WorldCover provided the highest accuracy(92.3%).These maps collectively overestimated Chinese cropland area by up to 56%.Up to 37%of the land showed spatial inconsistency among the maps,concentrated mainly in mountainous regions and attributed to the varying accuracy of cropland maps,cropland fragmentation and management practices such as irrigation.Our work shed light on the promotion of future cropland mapping efforts,especially in highly inconsistent regions.

基于COM-B模型的精细化管理在子痫前期患者中的应用

目的探讨基于能力、机会、动机-行为(COM-B)模型的精细化管理在子痫前期患者中的应用效果。方法选择2022年1月至2023年1月河北省唐山市妇幼保健院收治的120例子痫前期患者作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各60例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于COM-B模型的精细化管理,两组均护理至患者产后出院。比较两组护理前后血压水平、生活质量[生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)];比较两组产后恢复情况及出血量;比较两组妊娠结局及新生儿窒息情况。结果护理后,两组舒张压与收缩压低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组宫缩恢复时间、血压水平控制恢复时间短于对照组,产后出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良妊娠总发生率及剖宫产率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿窒息情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组GQOLI-74评分高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论子痫前期患者采用基于COM-B模型的精细化管理的护理效果良好。

BIM在智慧水厂扩能改造工程施工阶段的应用

随着数字化水平的持续提升,数字建造已成为建筑业战略转型的关键路径。为了满足日益增长的居民对优质饮用水的需求,城市既有水厂的处理工艺需要进行全面升级和扩能改造。位于深圳市中心的某水厂扩能改造工程面临用地紧张、厂区管线保护、供水安全保障、水下湿法顶管作业以及复杂空间设备安装等多重施工挑战。通过应用倾斜摄影、GIS、Dynamo、Civil 3D、Revit、AR、BIM5D等技术,该项目实现了场地优化、多专业模型整合、模拟分析、可视化方案比选、三维技术交底及数字化项目管理,有效解决了上述问题。整体上,项目显著提高了施工效率和质量,实现了在不停产状态下的扩能改造,最终达到了提升质量和效率的目标。

A Novel Outage Capacity Objective Function for Optimal Performance Monitoring and Predictive Fault Detection in Hybrid Free-Space Optical and RF Wireless Networks

This study develops an optimal performance monitoring metric for a hybrid free space optical and radio wireless network, the Outage Capacity Objective Function. The objective function—the dependence of hybrid channel outage capacity upon the error rate, jointly quantifies the effects of atmospheric optical impairments on the performance of the free space optical segment as well as the effect of RF channel impairments on the radio frequency segment. The objective function is developed from the basic information-theoretic capacity of the optical and radio channels using the gamma-gamma model for optical fading and Ricean statistics for the radio channel fading. A simulation is performed by using the hybrid network. The objective function is shown to provide significantly improved sensitivity to degrading performance trends and supports of proactive link failure prediction and mitigation when compared to current thresholding techniques for signal quality metrics.

Impact of Capacity Parameters on Flexible Inventory Control Decision Model

From the mathematical point of view,the flexible inventory control model is proved in the practical problem application and the rationality of the capacity parameter selection and calculation.The purpose is to actively respond to demand fluctuations when there is a demand forecast error or a missing part of the demand information,and to avoid the risk of passive variable demand forecasting to set the immutable inventory capacity.At the same time,the game is controlled by the flexible and variable inventory control strategy and the customer’s willingness to demand.The paper mainly studies the influence of the setting of capacity parameters on the booking-limit decision and its benefits under the control of flexible space with variable total capacity.Through the two trends of capacity increase flexibility and capacity reduction flexibility in the flexible inventory control model,the mathematical performance and marginal utility methods are introduced to change the performance of the booking-limit control decision model under different scenarios.The correlation analysis between the capacity limit level and the return under the optimal Bookinglimit decision,and the above two flexibility parameters are obtained.

Comparative Analysis on Pesticide Management System between America and China

The production and usage amount of pesticides in US rank the leading position in the world. On the basis of protecting the environment and human health, US government has enacted a series of laws and regulations to normalize and manage the production and use of pesticides so as to ensure the development of modern agriculture. In this paper, US pesticide management system is briefly reviewed and compared with the pesticide management system of China, which may provide good reference for china in establishing its own management system and make steps towards the international standard.

Erratum to “Is Alzheimer’s Disease an Adaptability Disorder? What Role Does Happiness Have in Treatment, Management and Prevention” [World Journal of Neuroscience 5 (2015) 180-188]

A case presentation indicating the importance of “happiness” in childhood causing memory block until the patent presented with probable mixed vascular and neurodegenerative memory loss at 60 years of age is presented to highlight the role of emotional factors in causing the disease. The question of whether Alzheimer’s disease is an adaptability disorder is raised, given the patient blocked out her memory of her childhood experience. The importance of “happiness” as a treatment goal raises issues of advocacy and Guardianship as well as capacity, which is addressed by actual case reference and court action in defence of the patient’s rights to have their wishes respected and observed. Functional mental capacity assessment, using the Functional Mental State Measure (FMSM) gives a greater indication of neuronal reserve than standard cognitive testing, as it helps to unravel the dilemma associated with pure cognitive assessment in Alzheimer’s Disease as well as vascular dementia patients and patients who, despite retained and intact functional capacity and ability to express their wishes, i.e. “best interest”, are “wrongly” placed under Guardianship. A General Systems approach, which recognises functional interaction as optimal and withdrawal or inadequate and/or inappropriate response as not, provides further understanding of the relationship between emotional factors, memory and neurodegenerative (Alzheimer’s) disease.