Study on regulating mechanisms of oxocrebanine obtained from Stephania hainanensis H.S.Lo et Y.Tsoong on microtubule sites and tubulin in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

Objective:To determine the destructive ability of oxocrebanine,an anti-breast cancer active compound obtained from Stephania hainanensis H.S.Lo et Y.Tsoong,on microtubule network,and investigate the effect of oxocrebanine on microtubule network homeostasis at both molecular and cellular levels.Methods:the EBI site competition method and molecular docking method were used to determine the occupation of the microtubule site of oxocrebanine.Western Blot was used to detect the effect of oxocrebanine on microtubule-associated proteins including STAT3,PAK1,CAMK4,and PKA.Results:The results of EBI site competition assay showed that the binding of EBI toβ-Tubulin covalent fusions produced adducts that appeared in regions of lower molecular weight thanβ-tubulin(ctrl 2).Molecular docking results showed that oxocrebanine could occupy the colchicine site of microtubule proteins.As revealed by Western Blot,the expression of STAT3 protein was decreased after MCF-7 cells have been treated with low,medium,and high concentration of oxocrebanine or the positive drug taxol for 48 h(P<0.01).The expression levels of PAK1 and Camk4 proteins aslo showed significant reductions(P<0.05,or P<0.01).Oxocrebanine also decreased the PKA protein in MCF-7 cells compared to the control group(P<0.01).Conclusions:Oxocrebanine,a ligand that binds at the colchicine site of tubulin,perturbs tubulin polymerization and causes mitosis in MCF-7 cells,thus leading to MCF-7 cell death.Oxocrebanine may promote microtubule dynamics through stathmin by inhibiting the expression levels of STAT3,PAK1,Camk4,and PKA proteins in MCF-7 cells.Oxocrebanine interfers with spindle formation,and ultimately causes mitotic catastrophe in MCF-7 cells.

Fucoidan Induces G_1 Phase Arrest and Apoptosis through Caspases-dependent Pathway and ROS Induction in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

Fucoidan is an active component of seaweed, which inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of several tumor cells while the detailed mechanisms underlying this process are still not clear. In this study, the effect of Fucoidan on the proliferation and apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and the molecular mechanism of Fucoidan action were investigated. Viable cell number of MCF-7 cells was decreased by Fucoidan treatment in a dose-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay. Fucoidan treatment resulted in G1 phase arrest of MCF-7 cells as revealed by flow cytometry, which was associated with the decrease in the gene expression of cyclin D 1 and CDK-4. Annexin V/PI staining results showed that the number of apoptotic cells was associated with regulation of cytochrome C, cas- pase-8, Bax and Bcl-2 at transcriptional and translational levels. Both morphologic observation and Hoechst 33258 assay results confirmed the pro-apoptotic effect of Fucoidan. Meanwhile, the ROS pro- duction was also increased by Fucoidan treatment, which suggested that Fucoidan induced oxidative damage in MCF-7 cells. The results of present study demonstrated that Fucoidan could induce GI phase arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis-related genes or proteins expression, and ROS generation is also involved in these processes.

Dietary Daidzein Enhances Antiapoptotic Effect of 17β-Estradiol (E_2) on Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

Objective： To investigate whether dietary daidzein interact with endogenous 17β-Estradiol （E2） to give rise to additive or inhibitory effects on proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Methods： Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction were analyzed by using flow cytometry when breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 were cotreated with daidzein （1, 5 μmol/L） and E2 （0.1-10 nmol/L） for 5 days. Whether daidzein could alter E2-modulated mRNA expression of estrogen receptor alpha （ERα）, estrogen receptor beta （ERI3） and ERβ-estrogen response element （ERE） dependent transcription was investigated by RT-PCR and luciferase induction assays. The effects of daidzein on E2-modulated expression of proapoptotic p53, bax and antiapoptotic bcl-2 at both mRNA and protein levels were also investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results： Daidzein enhanced the antiapoptotic effect in an Ea dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on E2-induced proliferation. Daidzein antagonized E2-induced ERβ mRNA expression and ERβ-ERE dependent transcription. In addition, daidzein only antagonized E2-upregulated expression of p53 and bax, but had no effect on E2-upregulated expression of bcl-2. Conclusion： Daidzein enhances the antiapoptotic effect of E2 on breast cancer cells by inhibiting E2-mediated p53-bax proapoptotic pathway. These results suggest that dietary daidzein may enhance deleterious effect of endogenous E2 in hormone-dependent breast cancer.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antitumor Potential in MCF-7 Cells of Ruthenium-Derived Compounds

To synthesize, characterize and evaluate the antitumor potential derived from ruthenium compounds was generated in this study, from the precursor K[RuCl4(bipy)] a route in a simple and reproducible synthesis for a novel compound of coordinating Ru+3 with bipy and L-trip. The spectroscopic characterization in the middle infrared region (FTIR) shows the interactions between Ru-(L-trip), evidenced by the displacement of the carboxylate ion band for higher energies, and also by the displacements of aliphatic amine bands, suggesting that bidentate coordination of the L-trip ligand occurred. Analysis of the results obtained with thermoanalytical techniques showed that the minimum formula of the compound, [RuCl2(bipy)(L-trip)]1/2H2O. Evaluation of the antitumor potential of precursor K[RuCl4(bipy)] showed the toxic effects on MCF-7 cell line, but did not show selectivity and not reached PBMC cells to the same extent. The evaluation of the antitumor potential of the newly synthesized compound, [RuCl2(bipy)(L-trip)], demonstrated that the insertion of an L-tryptophan molecule into the precursor coordination sphere made it selective when compared to PBMC cells, for MCF-7 type tumor cells.

Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cell Spheroid Culture for Drug Discovery and Development

In vitro 3D cancer spheroids (tumoroids) exhibit a drug resistance profile similar to that found in solid tumors. 3D spheroid culture methods recreate more physiologically relevant microenvironments for cells. Therefore, these models are more appropriate for cancer drug screening. We have recently developed a protocol for MCF-7 cell spheroid culture, and used this method to test the effects of different types of drugs on this estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell spheroid. Our results demonstrated that MCF-7 cells can grow spheroid in medium using a low attachment plate. We managed to grow one spheroid in each well, and the spheroid can grow over a month, the size of the spheroid can grow over a hundred times in volume. Our targeted drug experimental results suggest that estrogen sulfotransferase, steroid sulfatase, and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor may play critical roles in MCF-7 cell spheroid growth, while estrogen receptors α and β may not play an essential role in MCF-7 spheroid growth. Organoids are the miniatures of in vivo tissues and reiterate the in vivo microenvironment of a specific organ, best fit for the in vitro studies of diseases and drug development. Tumoroid, developed from cancer cell lines or patients’ tumor tissue, is the best in vitro model of in vivo tumors. 3D spheroid technology will be the best future method for drug development of cancers and other diseases. Our reported method can be developed clinically to develop personalized drugs when the patient’s tumor tissues are used to develop a spheroid culture for drug screening.

Investigation of anticancer effect of Xanthoceraside in vitro and the mechanism of Xanthoceraside-induced human breast cancer MCF-7 cell death

Objective To investigate the anticancer effect of xanthoceraside in vitro and the possible mechanisms involved in the potent antiproliferative effect on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell.Methods The inhibition rate of different tumor cells and human peripheral blood lymphocyte cells was investigated by MTT assay.AO/EB double fluorescent dye staining was used to investigate the morphology changes of MCF-7.The DNA agarose gel electrophoresis was further used to observe the DNA Fragmentation.Flow cytometry was employed to investigate the volume changes,the cell cycle distribution and the mitochondrial membrane potential of MCF-7.The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC)was chosen to detect the influence on oxidant-stress system of MCF-7 cells.Necrostatin-1 was next chosen to detect the influence on antiproliferative effect of xanthoceraside-treated MCF-7 cells.Results Xanthoceraside could inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells significantly in a dose-dependent manner and it has no cytotoxic effects on human peripheral blood lymphocyte cells in vitro.Cytoplasm vacuole was observed but no significant condense of nuclear chromatin was found,meanwhile,MCF-7 cells were bigger and smear was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis after MCF-7 cells were exposed to xanthoceraside.The cell cycle distribution of MCF-7 was greatly changed after exposure to xanthoceraside with an obvious G1 arrest.The mitochondrial membrane potential showed significant decrease.NAC attenuate the antiproliferative effect of xanthoceraside-treated MCF-7 cells but necrostatin-1 had no effects.Conclusions Xanthoceraside-induced necrosis might be dependent of mitochondria,meanwhile reactive oxygen species(ROS)participated in it.The xanthoceraside-induced MCF-7 cell death might not be the cell necrosis which initiated by Fas/TNFR and must be through RIP1 kinase.

Inhibition of cell proliferation by siRNA targeting hPRLR in breast cancer MCF-7 cell line

Objective： To study the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer by small interfering RNA（siRNA） targeting human prolactin （hPRLR） and the underlying mechanisms. Methods：The siRNA targeting hPRLR was chemically synthesized and transfected into MCF-7 cells, the expression of hPRLR was analyzed by real-time quantitive PCR, cell growth inhibition was measured with MTT assay, cell cycle of the transfected cells was examined by flow cytometry, meanwhile, expression of cyclin D1 was tested by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Results：24 h after transfection with 100 nmol/L siRNA-PRLR, the expression of hPRLR mRNA was suppressed by 65%, cells in G1 phase increased, but cells in S phase decreased. Down regulated hPRLR expression exhibited significant inhibition in cell proliferation. And the expression of cyclin D 1 was down regulated. Conclusion：The results indicate that siRNA-hPRLR is a useful tool for silencing hPRLR expression and inhibiting cell proliferation in breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, and it may be a possible new approach for breast cancer gene therapy.

INHIBITION OF PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN BREAST CANCER MCF-7 CELLS BY SMALL INTERFERENCE RNA AGAINST LRP16 GENE

Objective: Our previous studies have firstly demonstrated that 17β -E2 up-regulates LRP16 gene expression in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and ectopic expression of the LRP16 gene promotes MCF-7 cells proliferation. Here, the effects of the LRP16 gene expression on growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and the mechanism were further studied by establishing two stably LRP16-inhibitory MCR-7 cell lines. Methods: Hairpin small interference RNA (siRNA) strategy, by which hairpin siRNA was released by U6 promoter and was mediated by pLPC-based retroviral vector, was adopted to knockdown endogenous LRP16 level in MCF-7 cells. And the hairpin siRNA against green fluorescence protein (GFP) was used as the negative control. The suppressant efficiency of the LRP16 gene expression was confirmed by Nothern blot. Cell proliferation assay and soft agar colony formation assay were used to determine the status of the cells proliferation. Cell cycle checkpoints including cyclin E and cyclin D1 were examined by Western blot. Results: The results from cell proliferation assays suggested that down-regulation of LRP16 gene expression is capable of inhibiting MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth and down-regulation of the LRP16 gene expression is able to inhibit anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells in soft agar. We also demonstrated that cyclin E and cyclin D1 proteins were much lower in the LRP16-inhibitory cells than in the control cells. Conclusion: These data suggest that LRP16 gene play an important role in MCF-7 cells proliferation by regulating the pathway of the G1/S transition and may function as an important modulator in regulating the process of tumorigenesis in human breast.

The activity of <i>Rhaphidophora pinnta</i>Lf. Schott leaf on MCF-7 cell line

Ekor naga’s leaf (Rhaphidophora pinnata (Lf) Schott) is a type of vines and climbing plant. The leaves are elongated round and hollowed inside. This plant had been using for the treatment of breast cancer. Extraction with percolation method has been done in ekor naga’s leaves with ethanol, and fractionated by nhexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Cytotoxicity assay of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction against MCF-7 cells were done using MTT method (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide). Phytochemical screening results showed the presence of the compounds such as triterpenoida/steroid, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, and saponin. n-hexane fraction was positive for the presence of triterpenoida/steroid, chloroform fraction containing alkaloids, saponin and triterpenoid;ethyl acetate fraction contained, flavonoid, tannin, and the fraction of water indicated the presence of tannin and saponin. Secondary metabolite compounds in ethanol extract, chloroform fraction and ethyl acetate fraction gave positive results against MCF-7 cells. Cytotoxicity assay of MCF-7 cell line showed that crude ethanol extracts had 112.240 mcg/ml IC50 chloroform fraction IC50 was 59.082 mcg/ml, and ethyl acetate fraction IC50 was 812.663 mcg/ml.

Plant extracts as natural photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy:in vitro activity against human mammary adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells

Objective: To examine three plant extracts [Lumnitzera racemosa(Combretaceae)(L.racemosa), Albizia procera(Fabaceae)(A.procera) and Cananga odorata(Annonaceae)] for their potential as source of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy.Methods: Human mammary adenocarcinoma(MCF-7) cells were treated with the plant extracts, which were irradiated with 5.53 m W and 0.553 mW broadband light.Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and induction of apoptosis was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling assay.Results: The crude ethanolic extracts, independently, were nontoxic against cancer and non-cancer cells but when irradiated with 5.53 mW broadband light, L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were cytotoxic against MCF-7 with IC_(50) of 11.63 mg/mL and10.73 mg/mL, respectively.With 0.553 mW broadband light, the IC_(50) values were higher at 17.14 mg/mL and 19.59 mg/mL, respectively.Photoactivated L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were found to be more cytotoxic against MCF-7 than the non-cancer cell line, human dermal fibroblast-neonatal.Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was mediated by apoptosis.Conclusions: Two of the plant extracts used, L.racemosa and A.procera were toxic and induced apoptosis to mammary cell adenocarcinoma, MCF-7 when photoactivated.These extracts were also more toxic to human cancer than non-cancer cell lines.

Study on Cisplatin Aggravating DNA Damage and Causing a High Apoptosis Rate on Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

[Objectives] To investigate the mechanism of DNA damage of cisplatin( DDP),a broad spectrum anticancer drug on breast cancer MCF-7 cells,and to study the mechanism of apoptosis induced by DDP.[Methods]MCF-7 cells were treated by DDP( 0 mg/L,2 mg/L,4 mg/L,6 mg/L,6 mg/L,and 10 mg/L) for 48 hours. MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of DDP on MCF-7 cells and IC50 value was calculated. Western blot was adopted to detect the expression of γ-H2 AX,which was the marker of DNA double stranded breaks( DSBs) and ATM( sensory molecules of DSBs),the apoptotic signal transduction molecule cleaved caspase-3,and the proteins associated with apoptosis calpain.[Results]DDP inhibited MCF-7 cell activity in a concentration-dependent manner and IC50 was 7. 57 mg/L. In contrast to the control group( without DDP treatment),MCF-7 cells with DDP treatment expressed more γ-H2 AX,ATM,cleaved caspase-3 and calpain.[Conclusions] DDP could inhibit the activity of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Its mechanisms may be associated with inhibition of MCF-7 cell apoptosis,induction of DNA double strand breaking and the expression of pro-apoptotic protein up-regulation.

The Influence of Concentration of the Antioxidants in Rosemary Extract on MCF-7 Cells

In my research,I studied the antioxidant effect of extracts of various rosemary samples obtained by Soxlet extraction on MCF-7 epithelial cells.I wanted to discover which of the extracts will have the highest content of total phenols determined in vitro with the Folin-Ciocalte reagent.The results show the highest content of total phenols in the rosemary sample from North Macedonia,so I assumed that it would have the biggest effective activity on MCF-7 cells.While doing the free radical inhibition test,I came to the conclusion that the plant with the highest antioxidant content does not necessarily have the best effect on the cells at different concentrations of the extracts.I suppose that it happens because antioxidants are polar and they need to transport through cell membrane conveyors whose number is limited in the membrane,that is,more antioxidants get assembled on the conveyors and cannot go through the membrane.

雷公藤内酯醇通过调控miR-142-3p/HSP70通路抑制人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移

目的:探究雷公藤内酯醇(TP)通过miR-142-3p/HSP70信号通路对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞恶性生物学行为的影响。方法:常规培养MCF-7细胞,将其分为6组:对照组、TP组、miR-142-3p inhibitor组、TP+inhibitor组、miR-142-3p mimic组和TP+mimic组,用转染试剂将相应的核酸或质粒转染MCF-7细胞。qPCR法、EdU细胞增殖实验、Transwell小室实验、细胞划痕实验、WB法分别检测转染后各组MCF-7细胞中miR-142-3p和HSP70 mRNA的表达,MCF-7细胞的增殖、侵袭、迁移能力和HSP70蛋白表达水平。结果:TP或miR-142-3p过表达能显著促进MCF-7细胞中miR-142-3p和HSP70的表达,敲减miR-142-3p则可明显抑制MCF-7细胞中miR-142-3p和HSP70的表达,TP可逆转由敲减miR-142-3p对MCF-7细胞中miR-142-3p和HSP70表达的影响;TP、过表达miR-142-3p均可明显抑制MCF-7细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力(均P<0.05),敲减miR-142-3p则均可促进MCF-7细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力(均P<0.05),TP可逆转由敲减miR-142-3p对MCF-7细胞恶性生物学行为的影响(均P<0.05)。结论:TP可通过调控miR-142-3p/HSP70信号通路,进而抑制MCF-7细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移能力。

DCN通过VEGF因子抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的实验研究

目的探讨核心蛋白聚糖(decorin,DCN)通过下调血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)表达抑制乳腺癌MCF-7肿瘤细胞增殖的分子机制。方法体外培养MCF-7细胞,质粒转染诱导MCF-7细胞高表达核心蛋白聚糖为DCN组,不转染的MCF-7细胞为正常对照组。MTT法、流式细胞术细胞观察各自细胞增殖情况,RT-PCR、Western blot法检测各组细胞VEGF mRNA和蛋白表达变化。结果与对照组比较,流式细胞术检测DCN转染24、48、72 h后DCN组MCF-7细胞数目明显减少(P<0.05),MTT结果显示DCN组细胞增殖能力受到显著抑制(P<0.05),Western blot检测DCN组细胞VEGF蛋白表达水平有下降趋势。结论核心蛋白聚糖通过降低VEGF mRNA表达水平,使细胞内生成的VEGF蛋白减少,抑制MCF-7细胞增殖。

TNF-ɑ调控LRG1促进乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移

目的:研究TNF-α对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞中LRG1蛋白表达的调控及其对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力的影响及相关分子机制。方法:MTT实验检测不同浓度TNF-α处理后MCF-7细胞活力;EdU实验、Transwell实验和划痕实验分别检测抑制LRG1表达后细胞增殖、侵袭以及迁移能力;Western blot检测细胞内MAPK信号通路中p-p38蛋白表达。结果:低浓度TNF-α处理乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,细胞活力增强;抑制LRG1表达后细胞增殖能力下降,侵袭细胞数、细胞迁移率以及p-p38蛋白表达均下降。结论:TNF-ɑ通过调控LRG1的表达促进乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移,这一过程可能通过激活p38MAPK信号通路来实现。

毛酸浆内酯通过抑制STAT3诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡

[目的]旨在探讨信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)在毛酸浆内酯(PPB)诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡中发挥的作用。[方法]采用荧光染色法分析PPB诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡;使用生物信息学方法预测PPB抗乳腺癌的潜在机制;采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法考察STAT3抑制剂S3I-201以及STAT3小干扰RNA(siRNA)对PPB抑制MCF-7细胞生长的作用;采用蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)法考察PPB单独处理或STAT3 siRNA预处理后对MCF-7细胞中STAT3、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶8(Caspase8)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶9(Caspase9)、细胞色素c(Cytochrome c)以及多聚ADP核糖聚合酶(PARP)蛋白表达的影响。[结果]MCF-7细胞经PPB作用后凋亡形态特征明显,凋亡比例上升;生物信息学结果显示PPB与乳腺癌疾病的共同靶点STAT3在乳腺癌组织中高表达,单基因GSEA结果提示STAT3高表达与凋亡信号通路呈负相关;Western Blot法检测结果显示PPB能够抑制STAT3的磷酸化;S3I-201抑制剂或siRNA敲降STAT3均能进一步促进PPB抑制MCF-7细胞生长;此外,敲降STAT3进一步增加PPB对促凋亡蛋白Bax、Cytochrome c、裂解的Caspase8(Cleaved-Caspase8)、裂解的Caspase9(Cleaved-Caspase9)以及裂解的PARP(Cleaved-PARP)的促进作用,并增加PPB对抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的抑制作用。[结论]PPB通过抑制STAT3诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡。

香豆酸诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡的代谢与氧化应激影响

目的 探讨香豆酸诱导乳腺癌细胞MCF-7凋亡的机制及氧化应激与代谢的影响。方法 采用氧化相关蛋白活性研究香豆酸对MCF-7氧化应激的影响;液相质谱仪结合代谢组学探索香豆酸对MCF-7细胞代谢的影响。结果 香豆酸呈浓度依赖式对MCF-7细胞凋亡具有一定的促进作用,并上调细胞的氧化应激性导致MCF-7细胞氧化系统失衡;同时香豆酸影响MCF-7的细胞代谢,主要是体现糖代谢,富集显著通路集糖酵解;并筛选到差异代谢物563个,其中上调463个,下调100个。结论 香豆酸诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡作用机制可能是通过影响细胞的氧化应激性以及调控细胞糖代谢来实现。

灵菌红素对耐阿霉素人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7/ADR的作用研究

目的探讨灵菌红素对耐阿霉素人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7/ADR的作用。方法采用平板发酵粘质沙雷氏菌WA12-1-18生产灵菌红素,CCK-8测定灵菌红素的体外活性及MCF-7/ADR的耐药指数。构建裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,灵菌红素高、低剂量组分别腹腔注射5.0、2.5 mg/kg灵菌红素,生理盐水对照位腹腔注射等体积生理盐水,每4天1次,连续用药24 d,观察移植瘤的体积、质量及裸鼠体质量,HE染色观察移植瘤组织及裸鼠主要脏器的病理情况,免疫组织化学检测移植瘤Ki-67的表达。结果获得的灵菌红素质量分数为95.18%,对MCF-7和MCF-7/ADR的IC50分别为0.484μg/mL和0.264μg/mL。MCF-7/ADR耐药指数13,符合细胞耐药株的要求。灵菌红素处理组裸鼠移植瘤增长速度较生理盐水组慢,肿瘤细胞排列稀疏,核小且着色较浅,Ki-67染色后棕色明显减少。灵菌红素2.5 mg/kg组和灵菌红素5 mg/kg组,在荷MCF-7/ADR裸鼠中抑瘤率分别为37.23%和53.72%。另外,各组裸鼠体质量差异无统计学意义,主要脏器无明显病理变化。结论灵菌红素可抑制裸鼠体内耐阿霉素人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7/ADR的生长,对心、肝、脾、肺和肾等主要脏器无明显毒副作用,为灵菌红素在耐阿霉素乳腺癌的临床应用提供了实验依据。

LMAN2在HR阳性乳腺癌组织中的表达与患者预后的关系及其对MCF-7细胞增殖和迁移的影响

目的:探究甘露糖结合凝集素2(LMAN2)在激素受体(HR)阳性乳腺癌组织中的表达水平与乳腺癌患者预后的关系及其对MCF-7细胞增殖和迁移的影响。方法:通过TCGA、Bc-GenExMiner、GEPIA和Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库分析LMAN2在乳腺癌组织和正常乳腺组织中的差异性表达及其与患者预后的关系。采用小RNA干扰技术将si-LMAN2#1、si-LMAN2#2及si-NC转染至MCF-7细胞,将过表达LMAN载体(pc-LMAN)及空载体pcDNA3.1阴性对照(pc-NC)转染至MCF-7细胞,实验分为si-LMAN2#1、si-LMAN2#2、si-NC、pc-LMAN2和pc-NC组。通过qPCR和WB实验检测各组细胞中LMAN2 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平,CCK-8、克隆形成、Transwell迁移、WB等实验检测敲低和过表达LMAN 2对MCF-7细胞增殖、克隆形成、迁移及AKT信号通路相关蛋白表达的影响。结果:LMAN2在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平显著高于正常乳腺组织(P<0.001)。HR阳性乳腺癌组织中LMAN2表达水平显著高于HR阴性乳腺癌组织(P<0.001);LMAN2高表达与HR阳性乳腺癌患者不良预后有关联。敲低LMAN2可显著降低MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移能力(P<0.01或P<0.001),过表达LMAN2可显著提高MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移能力(均P<0.001)。敲低LMAN2组MCF-7细胞中PTEN和P21蛋白表达水平均显著升高,p-AKT蛋白表达水平显著降低(均P<0.01)。结论:LMAN2在乳腺癌组织和HR阳性乳腺癌组织中高表达,且与不良预后有关联。LMAN2高表达与MCF-7细胞增殖和迁移有关联,其作用机制可能涉及AKT信号通路。

羟基积雪草酸对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、凋亡和自噬的影响

目的探讨羟基积雪草酸(madecassic acid,MA)对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、凋亡及自噬的影响。方法将MCF-7细胞分为阴性对照组、不同浓度的MA(80、100、120、140、160μmol/L)组、不同浓度的他莫昔芬(10、20、30、40、50、35μmol/L)组,干预24、36、48 h。初步确定MA发挥抗乳腺癌作用的最佳浓度和最佳时间后,采用MTT法检测细胞活力,计算相应的半抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration,IC50)值;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;JC-1荧光探针检测线粒体膜电位变化;Western blot法检测细胞增殖蛋白细胞核抗原蛋白(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)、自噬蛋白苄氯素-1(Beclin-1)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ(microtubule-associated protein1 light chain 3Ⅱ/Ι,LC3Ⅱ/Ι)、螯合体1(protein 62,p62)的蛋白相对表达水平。透射电镜检测自噬小体。结果发挥抗肿瘤作用的他莫昔芬最佳浓度为35μmol/L,MA最佳浓度为140μmol/L,最佳时间均为48 h。与阴性对照组相比,MA140μmol/L组和他莫昔芬35μmol/L组的细胞凋亡率,细胞荧光相对强度以及LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ、Beclin-1蛋白相对表达水平均升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);PCNA、P62蛋白相对表达水平降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与MA 140μmol/L组相比,他莫昔芬35μmol/L组细胞凋亡率、细胞荧光相对强度以及Beclin-1蛋白相对表达水平明显升高(P<0.01),PCNA蛋白相对表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。阴性对照组MCF-7细胞膜完整,核膜清晰,细胞形态良好;MA 140μmol/L组细胞膜、细胞核形态不规则,线粒体基质密度较高、嵴扩张,可见自噬小体;他莫昔芬35μmol/L组细胞膜局部溶解、破损,可见双核仁,线粒体肿胀、基质溶解,可见自噬小体。结论MA可抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖、诱导细胞凋亡和自噬。