Background:Vancomycin resistance(VR)in staphylococci is emerging fast and posing serious health problems as vancomycin is considered the drug of choice for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infecti...Background:Vancomycin resistance(VR)in staphylococci is emerging fast and posing serious health problems as vancomycin is considered the drug of choice for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections.Much research has been done on vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(VRSA)strains infecting humans and animals but little is understood about other vancomycin-resistant staphylococci(VRS).This study was conducted to determine diversity among staphylococcal species causing infections and to know effective antimicrobials for therapeutic intervention for treatment of infections with vancomycin resistant staphylococci.Methods:Antimicrobial susceptibility data of 620 strains of staphylococci isolated from January 2016 to December 2023 from referred clinical samples were retrieved with their host of origin and association with different types of infections in animals,birds and humans from Clinical Epidemiology of the Institute.All isolates were tested for VR through their growing ability on vancomycin-supplemented(6µg mL-1)brain heart infusion agar.Data was analysed in Microsoft Excel.Results:Staphylococci strains(620)belonged to 26 species and 287 vancomycin-resistant.Of the 287 VRS strains detected only 46(16.03%)were VRSA.Irrespective of their origin and association with different ailments VRS strains were more resistant to herbal and conventional antimicrobial than VSS strains.The most effective antibiotics inhibiting≥80%of the staphylococci were tigecycline,imipenem,nitrofurantoin,linezolid and chloramphenicol inhibiting 88%,86%,86%,81%and 81%of the MRS and 92.31%,94.88%,92.25%,89.09%and 86.56%VRS strains,respectively.Among herbal antimicrobials,the most effective herbal compound was carvacrol followed by thyme oil,cinnamledehyde and ajowan oil,inhibiting≥80%of the strains.VR was most common among S.xylosus,S.schleiferi,and S.delphini strains while S.caseolyticus strains had the least probability of having VR.Staphylococci from mastitis cases had the least probability of possessing VR while those from wound infection had the highest probability of having VR.Conclusion:The study revealed that besides S.aureus,25 more species of staphylococci may be infecting animals,birds and humans.VR was more common in S.xylosus,S.schleiferi,S.auricularis,S.delphini and S.hyicus than in S.aureus strains,and of the VRS and MRS strains,83.97%and 83.46%were non-VRSA and non-methicillin-resistant S.aureus,respectively.Imipenem,tigecycline,nitrofurantoin,chloramphenicol,linezolid,meropenem and minocycline may be a better choice for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin as well as vancomycin-resistant staphylococci.展开更多
目的:了解子痫前期(PE)易感基因多态性(SNP)在中国人群中的分布特点,探讨SNP与PE遗传易感性之间的关系;应用多因子降维法(MDR)分析SNPs的交互作用,以期建立PE的多基因预测模型用于疾病风险的评估。方法:收集深圳地区中国汉族PE患者156...目的:了解子痫前期(PE)易感基因多态性(SNP)在中国人群中的分布特点,探讨SNP与PE遗传易感性之间的关系;应用多因子降维法(MDR)分析SNPs的交互作用,以期建立PE的多基因预测模型用于疾病风险的评估。方法:收集深圳地区中国汉族PE患者156例与正常妊娠妇女286例,Snap Shot技术进行基因型鉴定,用卡方检验进行单位点关联分析,MDR法分析基因-基因交互作用;并构建多位点logistic模型。结果:(1)经Buffarrony校正后,e NOS基因rs2070744等位基因频率分布在中国汉族人群中有统计学差异,PE组"C"等位基因频率明显高于对照组(C vs T:χ~2=8.852,P=0.003)。(2)中国汉族人群中暂未发现rs1800580、rs5742620、rs6020、rs1799963、rs1799889、rs4986791、rs4986790、rs268位点存在多态性。(3)最佳交互作用模型包含EPAP2(rs2549782)、GSTP1(rs1695)、AGT(rs4762)、IL-10(rs1800896)、APOE(rs7412)和TNF-alpha(rs1800629、rs1799724)。训练样本准确率为0.7294,验证样本准确率为0.5853,交叉验证一致性为10/10(P=0.001)。(4)基于MDR结果构建的logistic回归模型结果显示,rs1800896、rs1799724、rs2070744、rs4762及rs7412位点有统计学意义。结论:中国汉族人群PE风险遗传因素具有人种特异性;MDR方法是对PE的多因素效应估计的新尝试,6个PE易感基因存在交互作用,可能对中国人群PE的发病起重要作用。展开更多
基金supported by grants received from CAAST-ACLH(NAHEP/CAAST/2018-19)ICAR-World Bank-funded National Agricultural Higher Education Project(NAHEP).
文摘Background:Vancomycin resistance(VR)in staphylococci is emerging fast and posing serious health problems as vancomycin is considered the drug of choice for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections.Much research has been done on vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(VRSA)strains infecting humans and animals but little is understood about other vancomycin-resistant staphylococci(VRS).This study was conducted to determine diversity among staphylococcal species causing infections and to know effective antimicrobials for therapeutic intervention for treatment of infections with vancomycin resistant staphylococci.Methods:Antimicrobial susceptibility data of 620 strains of staphylococci isolated from January 2016 to December 2023 from referred clinical samples were retrieved with their host of origin and association with different types of infections in animals,birds and humans from Clinical Epidemiology of the Institute.All isolates were tested for VR through their growing ability on vancomycin-supplemented(6µg mL-1)brain heart infusion agar.Data was analysed in Microsoft Excel.Results:Staphylococci strains(620)belonged to 26 species and 287 vancomycin-resistant.Of the 287 VRS strains detected only 46(16.03%)were VRSA.Irrespective of their origin and association with different ailments VRS strains were more resistant to herbal and conventional antimicrobial than VSS strains.The most effective antibiotics inhibiting≥80%of the staphylococci were tigecycline,imipenem,nitrofurantoin,linezolid and chloramphenicol inhibiting 88%,86%,86%,81%and 81%of the MRS and 92.31%,94.88%,92.25%,89.09%and 86.56%VRS strains,respectively.Among herbal antimicrobials,the most effective herbal compound was carvacrol followed by thyme oil,cinnamledehyde and ajowan oil,inhibiting≥80%of the strains.VR was most common among S.xylosus,S.schleiferi,and S.delphini strains while S.caseolyticus strains had the least probability of having VR.Staphylococci from mastitis cases had the least probability of possessing VR while those from wound infection had the highest probability of having VR.Conclusion:The study revealed that besides S.aureus,25 more species of staphylococci may be infecting animals,birds and humans.VR was more common in S.xylosus,S.schleiferi,S.auricularis,S.delphini and S.hyicus than in S.aureus strains,and of the VRS and MRS strains,83.97%and 83.46%were non-VRSA and non-methicillin-resistant S.aureus,respectively.Imipenem,tigecycline,nitrofurantoin,chloramphenicol,linezolid,meropenem and minocycline may be a better choice for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin as well as vancomycin-resistant staphylococci.
文摘目的:了解子痫前期(PE)易感基因多态性(SNP)在中国人群中的分布特点,探讨SNP与PE遗传易感性之间的关系;应用多因子降维法(MDR)分析SNPs的交互作用,以期建立PE的多基因预测模型用于疾病风险的评估。方法:收集深圳地区中国汉族PE患者156例与正常妊娠妇女286例,Snap Shot技术进行基因型鉴定,用卡方检验进行单位点关联分析,MDR法分析基因-基因交互作用;并构建多位点logistic模型。结果:(1)经Buffarrony校正后,e NOS基因rs2070744等位基因频率分布在中国汉族人群中有统计学差异,PE组"C"等位基因频率明显高于对照组(C vs T:χ~2=8.852,P=0.003)。(2)中国汉族人群中暂未发现rs1800580、rs5742620、rs6020、rs1799963、rs1799889、rs4986791、rs4986790、rs268位点存在多态性。(3)最佳交互作用模型包含EPAP2(rs2549782)、GSTP1(rs1695)、AGT(rs4762)、IL-10(rs1800896)、APOE(rs7412)和TNF-alpha(rs1800629、rs1799724)。训练样本准确率为0.7294,验证样本准确率为0.5853,交叉验证一致性为10/10(P=0.001)。(4)基于MDR结果构建的logistic回归模型结果显示,rs1800896、rs1799724、rs2070744、rs4762及rs7412位点有统计学意义。结论:中国汉族人群PE风险遗传因素具有人种特异性;MDR方法是对PE的多因素效应估计的新尝试,6个PE易感基因存在交互作用,可能对中国人群PE的发病起重要作用。
