Mesp family proteins comprise two members named mesodermal posterior 1 （Mespl） and mesodermal pos- terior 2 （Mesp2）. Both Mespl and Mesp2 are transcrilption factors and they share an almost identical basic helix-l...Mesp family proteins comprise two members named mesodermal posterior 1 （Mespl） and mesodermal pos- terior 2 （Mesp2）. Both Mespl and Mesp2 are transcrilption factors and they share an almost identical basic helix-loop-helix motif. They have been shown to play critical regulating roles in mammalian heart and somite development. Mespl sits in the core of the complicated regulatory network for generation of cardiovascular progenitors while Mesp2 is central for somitogenesis. Here we summarize the similarities and differences in their molecular functions during mammalian early mesodermal development and discuss possible future research directions for further study of the functions of Mespl and Mesp2. A comprehensive knowledge of molecular functions of Mesp family proteins will even- tually help us better understand mammalian heart development and somitogenesis as well as improve the production of specific ceil types from pluripotent stem cells for future regenerative therapies.展开更多
目的探索1~6人工耳蜗植入儿童术前及术后18个月内言语感知能力的发展规律。方法选取31例人工耳蜗植入儿童作为被试,采用标准版普通话言语感知测试(mandarin early speech perception test,MESP)与简易版普通话早期言语感知测试(low-verb...目的探索1~6人工耳蜗植入儿童术前及术后18个月内言语感知能力的发展规律。方法选取31例人工耳蜗植入儿童作为被试,采用标准版普通话言语感知测试(mandarin early speech perception test,MESP)与简易版普通话早期言语感知测试(low-verbal mandarin early speech perception test,LV-MESP),选取7个时间点(术前、开机当天、开机后1、3、6、12和18个月)做纵向追踪,进行普通话言语感知测试。结果能够完成MESP的人数随时间延长而显著增多,术后12个月能够完成MESP的人数显著高于术后3个月,术后18个月能够完成MESP的人数显著高于术后6个月。不能完成LV-MESP的人数随时间延长而显著减少,术后12个月时不能完成LV-MESP的人数显著低于术后6个月,能够完成的人数无显著变化。结论LV-MESP是MESP的有益补充,人工耳蜗开机后康复训练1年期是听障儿童听觉言语发育的关键期,也是言语感知能力提高的敏感期,科学有效的人工耳蜗调试和康复训练可以促进听障儿童言语感知能力的逐步提高。展开更多
The emerging multi-energy system has brought new challenges and opportunities to energy business worldwide.To address the issues in multi-energy trading,this paper proposes an electricity,heating,and cooling trading m...The emerging multi-energy system has brought new challenges and opportunities to energy business worldwide.To address the issues in multi-energy trading,this paper proposes an electricity,heating,and cooling trading model for the interaction between the multi-energy service provider(MESP)and multi-energy consumer(MEC)by using bi-level programming.In the upper level,the model instructs the MESP to make decisions on the optimal energy purchasing scheme and energy economic dispatch.In the lower level,optimal consuming patterns of different energies with the given retail prices are modeled for the MEC.Specifically,a novel multi-energy demand response(DR)program that employs energy conversion devices is proposed.Numerical results show that MEC can reduce its consumption cost via the multi-energy DR.Meanwhile,MESP benefits greatly from the flexibilities of energy conversion.This research can provide theoretical support for the future development of multi-energy trading.展开更多
文摘Mesp family proteins comprise two members named mesodermal posterior 1 （Mespl） and mesodermal pos- terior 2 （Mesp2）. Both Mespl and Mesp2 are transcrilption factors and they share an almost identical basic helix-loop-helix motif. They have been shown to play critical regulating roles in mammalian heart and somite development. Mespl sits in the core of the complicated regulatory network for generation of cardiovascular progenitors while Mesp2 is central for somitogenesis. Here we summarize the similarities and differences in their molecular functions during mammalian early mesodermal development and discuss possible future research directions for further study of the functions of Mespl and Mesp2. A comprehensive knowledge of molecular functions of Mesp family proteins will even- tually help us better understand mammalian heart development and somitogenesis as well as improve the production of specific ceil types from pluripotent stem cells for future regenerative therapies.
文摘目的探索1~6人工耳蜗植入儿童术前及术后18个月内言语感知能力的发展规律。方法选取31例人工耳蜗植入儿童作为被试,采用标准版普通话言语感知测试(mandarin early speech perception test,MESP)与简易版普通话早期言语感知测试(low-verbal mandarin early speech perception test,LV-MESP),选取7个时间点(术前、开机当天、开机后1、3、6、12和18个月)做纵向追踪,进行普通话言语感知测试。结果能够完成MESP的人数随时间延长而显著增多,术后12个月能够完成MESP的人数显著高于术后3个月,术后18个月能够完成MESP的人数显著高于术后6个月。不能完成LV-MESP的人数随时间延长而显著减少,术后12个月时不能完成LV-MESP的人数显著低于术后6个月,能够完成的人数无显著变化。结论LV-MESP是MESP的有益补充,人工耳蜗开机后康复训练1年期是听障儿童听觉言语发育的关键期,也是言语感知能力提高的敏感期,科学有效的人工耳蜗调试和康复训练可以促进听障儿童言语感知能力的逐步提高。
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFB0901900).
文摘The emerging multi-energy system has brought new challenges and opportunities to energy business worldwide.To address the issues in multi-energy trading,this paper proposes an electricity,heating,and cooling trading model for the interaction between the multi-energy service provider(MESP)and multi-energy consumer(MEC)by using bi-level programming.In the upper level,the model instructs the MESP to make decisions on the optimal energy purchasing scheme and energy economic dispatch.In the lower level,optimal consuming patterns of different energies with the given retail prices are modeled for the MEC.Specifically,a novel multi-energy demand response(DR)program that employs energy conversion devices is proposed.Numerical results show that MEC can reduce its consumption cost via the multi-energy DR.Meanwhile,MESP benefits greatly from the flexibilities of energy conversion.This research can provide theoretical support for the future development of multi-energy trading.
