Benzaldehyde was prepared from the addition hydrolysis reaction of C 6H 5MgBr with 1,3 dimethylbenzimidazolium iodide.The reaction mechanism is suggested and discussed.
MgBr2 performs as a novel catalyst for the synthesis of various 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives from wide range of substituted o- phenylenediamines and various ketones in good to excellent isolated yields (93-98%) us...MgBr2 performs as a novel catalyst for the synthesis of various 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives from wide range of substituted o- phenylenediamines and various ketones in good to excellent isolated yields (93-98%) using water as solvent at ambient temperature. Several solvents were examined for this reaction; however, in terms of reaction yield and time, water was found to be the optimum solvent. The remarkable advantages offered by this method are easily and inexpensive available catalyst, simple procedure, mild conditions, much faster (40-60 man) reactions and good to excellent yields of products.展开更多
Methoxybenzaldehyde is prepared from the addition-hydrolysis reaction of p-CH 3OC 6H 4MgBr with 1,3-disubstituted benzimidazolium salt. The reaction mechanism is discussed. 1,3-Dialkyl has little influence on the yield.
目的:探讨膜引导骨组织再生(membrane guided bone regeneration,MGBR)技术中,生物胶原膜在上颌前牙区种植骨增量中的作用。方法:选取我院2008年1月至2009年12月间上前牙区唇腭向骨量不足种植病例55例,随机分为2组,29例使用MGBR,同期植...目的:探讨膜引导骨组织再生(membrane guided bone regeneration,MGBR)技术中,生物胶原膜在上颌前牙区种植骨增量中的作用。方法:选取我院2008年1月至2009年12月间上前牙区唇腭向骨量不足种植病例55例,随机分为2组,29例使用MGBR,同期植入种植体40颗(有膜组);另26例不应用MGBR,植入种植体40颗(无膜组),作为对照。观察2组患者种植前及修复前种植区牙槽骨的情况。用卡尺测量牙槽骨唇腭向厚度,用X线骨密度分析法评估平均密度的变化。采用X线片图像分析测量软件(Sidexis)和SPSS16.0软件包进行比较分析。结果:单因素分析显示,有膜组种植术前与永久修复前牙槽骨唇腭向的厚度及密度差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);种植术前与永久修复前,有膜组与无膜组牙槽骨唇腭向厚度及骨密度变化的差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:使用生物膜的患者,唇腭向骨厚度及密度的增加均优于未使用生物膜的患者。在上前牙区骨量不足患者的种植术中,可推荐使用MGBR技术。展开更多
目的:探讨膜引导骨组织再生技术(membrane guided bone regeneration,mGBR)在即刻种植中的应用。方法:16颗钛75种植体种植于犬下颌第3、4前磨牙新鲜拔牙创,左侧(实验侧)置胶原膜,右侧无膜对照,术后4周、12周通过形态学和定量组织学分析...目的:探讨膜引导骨组织再生技术(membrane guided bone regeneration,mGBR)在即刻种植中的应用。方法:16颗钛75种植体种植于犬下颌第3、4前磨牙新鲜拔牙创,左侧(实验侧)置胶原膜,右侧无膜对照,术后4周、12周通过形态学和定量组织学分析研究种植体骨界面。结果:全部实验动物伤口愈合良好,术后4周和12周实验侧新骨形成均多于对照侧;实验测种植体直接骨接合率(DCLF,%)分别为32.93±2.66和65.95±7.00,对照侧为21.71±3.20和45.72±3.51。组间比较P<0.01。结论:mGBR可提高即刻种植成功率。展开更多
在随机路由的基础上,给出一种针对窃听问题的马尔可夫博弈路由模型(Markov Game Theory-based Rou-ting,MGBR)。给出的模型以发送者和窃听者为马尔可夫博弈双方,发送者通过概率进行数据传输,增加了窃听者窃听信息的难度。模型通过收益...在随机路由的基础上,给出一种针对窃听问题的马尔可夫博弈路由模型(Markov Game Theory-based Rou-ting,MGBR)。给出的模型以发送者和窃听者为马尔可夫博弈双方,发送者通过概率进行数据传输,增加了窃听者窃听信息的难度。模型通过收益函数计算纳什均衡点,找出最优路径。使用PRISM工具进行仿真,结果表明MGBR中存在纳什均衡点,在纳什均衡点处信息被窃听的概率最小;给出信息在纳什均衡点处被窃听的概率变化趋势,与基于最小跳数算法的路由协议相比,它降低了信息被窃听的概率。展开更多
文摘Benzaldehyde was prepared from the addition hydrolysis reaction of C 6H 5MgBr with 1,3 dimethylbenzimidazolium iodide.The reaction mechanism is suggested and discussed.
文摘MgBr2 performs as a novel catalyst for the synthesis of various 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives from wide range of substituted o- phenylenediamines and various ketones in good to excellent isolated yields (93-98%) using water as solvent at ambient temperature. Several solvents were examined for this reaction; however, in terms of reaction yield and time, water was found to be the optimum solvent. The remarkable advantages offered by this method are easily and inexpensive available catalyst, simple procedure, mild conditions, much faster (40-60 man) reactions and good to excellent yields of products.
文摘Methoxybenzaldehyde is prepared from the addition-hydrolysis reaction of p-CH 3OC 6H 4MgBr with 1,3-disubstituted benzimidazolium salt. The reaction mechanism is discussed. 1,3-Dialkyl has little influence on the yield.
文摘目的:探讨膜引导骨组织再生(membrane guided bone regeneration,MGBR)技术中,生物胶原膜在上颌前牙区种植骨增量中的作用。方法:选取我院2008年1月至2009年12月间上前牙区唇腭向骨量不足种植病例55例,随机分为2组,29例使用MGBR,同期植入种植体40颗(有膜组);另26例不应用MGBR,植入种植体40颗(无膜组),作为对照。观察2组患者种植前及修复前种植区牙槽骨的情况。用卡尺测量牙槽骨唇腭向厚度,用X线骨密度分析法评估平均密度的变化。采用X线片图像分析测量软件(Sidexis)和SPSS16.0软件包进行比较分析。结果:单因素分析显示,有膜组种植术前与永久修复前牙槽骨唇腭向的厚度及密度差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);种植术前与永久修复前,有膜组与无膜组牙槽骨唇腭向厚度及骨密度变化的差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:使用生物膜的患者,唇腭向骨厚度及密度的增加均优于未使用生物膜的患者。在上前牙区骨量不足患者的种植术中,可推荐使用MGBR技术。
文摘目的:探讨膜引导骨组织再生技术(membrane guided bone regeneration,mGBR)在即刻种植中的应用。方法:16颗钛75种植体种植于犬下颌第3、4前磨牙新鲜拔牙创,左侧(实验侧)置胶原膜,右侧无膜对照,术后4周、12周通过形态学和定量组织学分析研究种植体骨界面。结果:全部实验动物伤口愈合良好,术后4周和12周实验侧新骨形成均多于对照侧;实验测种植体直接骨接合率(DCLF,%)分别为32.93±2.66和65.95±7.00,对照侧为21.71±3.20和45.72±3.51。组间比较P<0.01。结论:mGBR可提高即刻种植成功率。
文摘在随机路由的基础上,给出一种针对窃听问题的马尔可夫博弈路由模型(Markov Game Theory-based Rou-ting,MGBR)。给出的模型以发送者和窃听者为马尔可夫博弈双方,发送者通过概率进行数据传输,增加了窃听者窃听信息的难度。模型通过收益函数计算纳什均衡点,找出最优路径。使用PRISM工具进行仿真,结果表明MGBR中存在纳什均衡点,在纳什均衡点处信息被窃听的概率最小;给出信息在纳什均衡点处被窃听的概率变化趋势,与基于最小跳数算法的路由协议相比,它降低了信息被窃听的概率。