[Objective] To investigate the annual variation of 9 mineral nutrition ele-ments content in Macadamia integrifolia leaves. [Method] Twenty 6-year-old ＆quot;Guire No. 1＆quot; healthy plants were selected. On the 15th...[Objective] To investigate the annual variation of 9 mineral nutrition ele-ments content in Macadamia integrifolia leaves. [Method] Twenty 6-year-old ＆quot;Guire No. 1＆quot; healthy plants were selected. On the 15th of every month in 2011, 1 leaf in the second round from top-branch in 4 directions of the 20 trees was col ected. The content of 9 mineral elements of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn were deter-mined. [Result] The results showed that the N, P, K content in leaves reached a peak in April, then N content decreased slowly, P content stayed stable, and K con-tent increased slightly; Ca, Fe content decreased in April to different degrees and then increased slowly. Mg content was consistent al year round, meanwhile Mn content decreased slightly. Cu and Zn content reached a peak in April, and then presented a rise-fal trend. [Conclusion] N, K, Ca, Mg should be supplemented in time in practice.展开更多
The aim of this study was to apply the existing techniques that enable examination ofmacadamia kernels to provide a better understanding of physico-chemical properties of kernels during postharvest processing. These t...The aim of this study was to apply the existing techniques that enable examination ofmacadamia kernels to provide a better understanding of physico-chemical properties of kernels during postharvest processing. These techniques, such as X-ray tomography, could be applied for quality monitoring in the macadamia industry. The objectives of this study were to investigate the browning centre symptoms that usually occur in macadamia nuts-in-shell. The applied techniques included confocal microscopy, X-ray tomography and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. Five different varieties of macadamia nuts （A38, 246, 816, 842 and Daddow） were selected to include distinct characteristics, such as drop pattern and growing location. Analysis of the microstructure of kernels by confocal microscopy showed the distribution of possible brown pigment compounds as well as the distribution of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins inside macadamia cells. Physical properties data, including shell density and seed to volume ratio, were obtained by X-ray tomography. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging used in this study showed marked differences in microstructure which indicate that different varieties exhibit different microstructures expressed as fraction ofanisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient that appear to be related to the occurrence of the brown centre. Hence, the findings of this study have potential to improve the existing postharvest techniques used in the macadamia processing industry. They will be of benefit to the industry in terms of improved quality control and cost reduction.展开更多
为探明具有排根的引种作物—澳洲坚果对低磷的适应特征,采用室内控制试验与山地澳洲坚果园调查验证相结合的研究方法,对澳洲坚果幼苗、大树的排根和细根在土壤中的分布特征、根系分泌物“解磷”特性及磷素利用特征进行分析。结果表明:...为探明具有排根的引种作物—澳洲坚果对低磷的适应特征,采用室内控制试验与山地澳洲坚果园调查验证相结合的研究方法,对澳洲坚果幼苗、大树的排根和细根在土壤中的分布特征、根系分泌物“解磷”特性及磷素利用特征进行分析。结果表明:室内控制试验中澳洲坚果61.80%-71.29%的排根及63.81%-82.60%的细根分布在0-40cm的土层,山地果园中澳洲坚果的排根及细根分布在0-40cm土层,80%以上的排根与细根分布于表层0-20cm的土壤,但细根在20-40cm土层中分布比例较排根多;低磷处理或不施化肥(山地果园)能促进排根产生,适度施磷处理(40mg/kg)或不施化肥(山地果园)有助于细根在表层土壤的生长,高磷处理(400mg/kg)或山地果园中长期施含磷(P 2 O 5含量15%)化肥则抑制其排根产生和细根生长;排根及细根均能大量分泌酸性磷酸酶和柠檬酸进行“解磷”,排根分泌量远大于细根,排根越多,酸性磷酸酶和柠檬酸分泌量越大;随着施磷量的升高,澳洲坚果叶片磷含量也升高,但土壤磷含量与叶片磷含量相关性较差,而不施磷处理(0mg/kg)和山地果园不施化肥条件下,澳洲坚果叶片中磷含量均在正常水平(含量为0.068%-0.071%),没有发现缺磷症状,高磷(400mg/kg)处理和长期施用“高磷”的复合化肥澳洲坚果叶片有磷中毒倾向(含量达0.11%);外源含磷复合化肥施入土壤中后,土壤中总磷含量随施入量的增加而升高,尤其山地澳洲坚果园长期施用“高磷”化肥,土壤表层(0-20cm)总磷含量高达3.59g/kg。可见,引种到本地种植的澳洲坚果,仍能适应低磷环境,但为了保障澳洲坚果经济产量,适度的外源磷投入是需要的,生产上采用叶片营养诊断法指导磷肥的施用是必要的。展开更多
基金Supported By Guangxi Sci-Tech Achievements International Cooperation Project(1140013-5)Non-profit Basic Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(GXNYRKS201406)~~
文摘[Objective] To investigate the annual variation of 9 mineral nutrition ele-ments content in Macadamia integrifolia leaves. [Method] Twenty 6-year-old ＆quot;Guire No. 1＆quot; healthy plants were selected. On the 15th of every month in 2011, 1 leaf in the second round from top-branch in 4 directions of the 20 trees was col ected. The content of 9 mineral elements of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn were deter-mined. [Result] The results showed that the N, P, K content in leaves reached a peak in April, then N content decreased slowly, P content stayed stable, and K con-tent increased slightly; Ca, Fe content decreased in April to different degrees and then increased slowly. Mg content was consistent al year round, meanwhile Mn content decreased slightly. Cu and Zn content reached a peak in April, and then presented a rise-fal trend. [Conclusion] N, K, Ca, Mg should be supplemented in time in practice.
文摘The aim of this study was to apply the existing techniques that enable examination ofmacadamia kernels to provide a better understanding of physico-chemical properties of kernels during postharvest processing. These techniques, such as X-ray tomography, could be applied for quality monitoring in the macadamia industry. The objectives of this study were to investigate the browning centre symptoms that usually occur in macadamia nuts-in-shell. The applied techniques included confocal microscopy, X-ray tomography and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. Five different varieties of macadamia nuts （A38, 246, 816, 842 and Daddow） were selected to include distinct characteristics, such as drop pattern and growing location. Analysis of the microstructure of kernels by confocal microscopy showed the distribution of possible brown pigment compounds as well as the distribution of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins inside macadamia cells. Physical properties data, including shell density and seed to volume ratio, were obtained by X-ray tomography. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging used in this study showed marked differences in microstructure which indicate that different varieties exhibit different microstructures expressed as fraction ofanisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient that appear to be related to the occurrence of the brown centre. Hence, the findings of this study have potential to improve the existing postharvest techniques used in the macadamia processing industry. They will be of benefit to the industry in terms of improved quality control and cost reduction.
文摘为探明具有排根的引种作物—澳洲坚果对低磷的适应特征,采用室内控制试验与山地澳洲坚果园调查验证相结合的研究方法,对澳洲坚果幼苗、大树的排根和细根在土壤中的分布特征、根系分泌物“解磷”特性及磷素利用特征进行分析。结果表明:室内控制试验中澳洲坚果61.80%-71.29%的排根及63.81%-82.60%的细根分布在0-40cm的土层,山地果园中澳洲坚果的排根及细根分布在0-40cm土层,80%以上的排根与细根分布于表层0-20cm的土壤,但细根在20-40cm土层中分布比例较排根多;低磷处理或不施化肥(山地果园)能促进排根产生,适度施磷处理(40mg/kg)或不施化肥(山地果园)有助于细根在表层土壤的生长,高磷处理(400mg/kg)或山地果园中长期施含磷(P 2 O 5含量15%)化肥则抑制其排根产生和细根生长;排根及细根均能大量分泌酸性磷酸酶和柠檬酸进行“解磷”,排根分泌量远大于细根,排根越多,酸性磷酸酶和柠檬酸分泌量越大;随着施磷量的升高,澳洲坚果叶片磷含量也升高,但土壤磷含量与叶片磷含量相关性较差,而不施磷处理(0mg/kg)和山地果园不施化肥条件下,澳洲坚果叶片中磷含量均在正常水平(含量为0.068%-0.071%),没有发现缺磷症状,高磷(400mg/kg)处理和长期施用“高磷”的复合化肥澳洲坚果叶片有磷中毒倾向(含量达0.11%);外源含磷复合化肥施入土壤中后,土壤中总磷含量随施入量的增加而升高,尤其山地澳洲坚果园长期施用“高磷”化肥,土壤表层(0-20cm)总磷含量高达3.59g/kg。可见,引种到本地种植的澳洲坚果,仍能适应低磷环境,但为了保障澳洲坚果经济产量,适度的外源磷投入是需要的,生产上采用叶片营养诊断法指导磷肥的施用是必要的。
