Mantle conductivity imaging is one of the scientific goals of the forthcoming Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1).To achieve this goal,we develop a data analysis and inversion scheme for satellite magnetic data to probe ...Mantle conductivity imaging is one of the scientific goals of the forthcoming Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1).To achieve this goal,we develop a data analysis and inversion scheme for satellite magnetic data to probe global one-dimensional(1D)mantle conductivity structures.Using this scheme,we present a new global mantle conductivity model by analyzing over 8 years of Swarm satellite magnetic data.First,after sophisticated data selection procedures and the removal of core and crustal fields,the inducing and induced spherical harmonic coefficients of magnetic potential due to the magnetospheric ring current are derived.Second,satellite Cresponses are estimated from the time series of these coefficients.Finally,the observed responses are inverted for both smooth and threejump conductivity models using a quasi-Newton algorithm.The obtained conductivity models are in general agreement with previous global mantle conductivity models.A comparison of our conductivity model with the laboratory conductivity model suggests the mean state of the upper mantle and transition zone is relatively dry.This scheme can be used to process the forthcoming Macao Science Satellite-1 magnetic data.展开更多
The gravity and magnetic data can be adopted to interpret the internal structure of the Earth.To improve the calculation efficiency during the inversion process and the accuracy and reliability of the reconstructed ph...The gravity and magnetic data can be adopted to interpret the internal structure of the Earth.To improve the calculation efficiency during the inversion process and the accuracy and reliability of the reconstructed physical property models,the triple strategy is adopted in this paper to develop a fast cross-gradient joint inversion for gravity and magnetic data.The cross-gradient constraint contains solving the gradients of the physical property models and performing the cross-product calculation of their gradients.The sparse matrices are first obtained by calculating the gradients of the physical property models derived from the first-order finite difference.Then,the triple method is applied to optimize the storages and the calculations related to the gradients of the physical property models.Therefore,the storage compression amount of the calculations related to the gradients of the physical property models and the cross-gradient constraint are reduced to one-fold of the number of grid cells at least,and the compression ratio increases with the increase of the number of grid cells.The test results from the synthetic data and field data prove that the structural coupling is achieved by using the fast cross-gradient joint inversion method to effectively reduce the multiplicity of solutions and improve the computing efficiency.展开更多
The Kom-Ombo and Nuqra basins in southern Egypt have recently been discovered as potential hydrocarbon basins. The lack of information about the geothermal gradient and heat flow in the study area gives importance to ...The Kom-Ombo and Nuqra basins in southern Egypt have recently been discovered as potential hydrocarbon basins. The lack of information about the geothermal gradient and heat flow in the study area gives importance to studying the heat flow and the geothermal gradient. Several studies were carried out to investigate the geothermal analyses of the northwestern desert, as well as the west and east of the Nile River, using density, compressive wave velocity, and bottom hole temperature (BHT) measured from deep oil wells. This research relies on spectral analysis of airborne magnetic survey data in the Kom-Ombo and Nuqra basins in order to estimate the geothermal gradient based on calculating the depth to the bottom of the magnetic source that caused the occurrence of these magnetic deviations. This depth is equal to the CPD, at which the material loses its magnetic polarisation. This method is fast and gives satisfactory results. Usually, it can be applied as a reconnaissance technique for geothermal exploration targets due to the abundance of magnetic data. The depth of the top (Z<sub>t</sub>) and centroid (Z<sub>0</sub>) of the magnetic source bodies was calculated for the 32 windows representing the study area using spectral analysis of airborne magnetic data. The curie-isotherm depth, geothermal gradient, and heat flow maps were constructed for the study area. The results showed that the CPD in the study area ranges from 13 km to 20 km. The heat flow map values range from 69 to 109 mW/m<sup>2</sup>, with an average of about 80 mW/m<sup>2</sup>. The calculated heat flow values in the assigned areas (A, B, C, and D) of the study area are considered to have high heat flow values, reaching 109 mW/m<sup>2</sup>. On the other hand, the heat flow values in the other parts range from 70 to 85 mW/m<sup>2</sup>. Since heat flow plays an essential role in the maturation of organic matter, it is recommended that hydrocarbon accumulations be located in places with high heat flow values, while deep drilling of hydrocarbon wells is recommended in places with low to moderate heat flow values.展开更多
Regularization inversion uses constraints and a regularization factor to solve ill- posed inversion problems in geophysics. The choice of the regularization factor and of the initial model is critical in regularizatio...Regularization inversion uses constraints and a regularization factor to solve ill- posed inversion problems in geophysics. The choice of the regularization factor and of the initial model is critical in regularization inversion. To deal with these problems, we propose a multiobjective particle swarm inversion (MOPSOI) algorithm to simultaneously minimize the data misfit and model constraints, and obtain a multiobjective inversion solution set without the gradient information of the objective function and the regularization factor. We then choose the optimum solution from the solution set based on the trade-off between data misfit and constraints that substitute for the regularization factor. The inversion of synthetic two-dimensional magnetic data suggests that the MOPSOI algorithm can obtain as many feasible solutions as possible; thus, deeper insights of the inversion process can be gained and more reasonable solutions can be obtained by balancing the data misfit and constraints. The proposed MOPSOI algorithm can deal with the problems of choosing the right regularization factor and the initial model.展开更多
Based on the synchronous joint gravity and magnetic inversion of single interface by Pilkington and the need of revealing Cenozoic and crystalline basement thickness in the new round of oil-gas exploration, we propose...Based on the synchronous joint gravity and magnetic inversion of single interface by Pilkington and the need of revealing Cenozoic and crystalline basement thickness in the new round of oil-gas exploration, we propose a joint gravity and magnetic inversion methodfor two-layer models by concentrating on the relationship between the change of thicknessI and position of the middle layer and anomaly and discuss the effects of the key parameters. Model tests and application to field data show the validity of this method.展开更多
Joint inversion based on a correlation constraint utilizes a linear correlation function as a structural constraint.The linear correlation function contains a denominator,which may result in a singularity as the objec...Joint inversion based on a correlation constraint utilizes a linear correlation function as a structural constraint.The linear correlation function contains a denominator,which may result in a singularity as the objective function is optimized,leading to an unstable inversion calculation.To improve the robustness of this calculation,this paper proposes a new method in which a sinusoidal correlation function is employed as the structural constraint for joint inversion instead of the conventional linear correlation function.This structural constraint does not contain a denominator,thereby preventing a singularity.Compared with the joint inversion method based on a cross-gradient constraint,the joint inversion method based on a sinusoidal correlation constraint exhibits good performance.An application to actual data demonstrates that this method can process real data.展开更多
The vector transformation and pole reduction from the total-field anomaly are signifi cant for the interpretation.We examined these industry-standard processing procedures in the Fourier domain.We propose a novel iter...The vector transformation and pole reduction from the total-field anomaly are signifi cant for the interpretation.We examined these industry-standard processing procedures in the Fourier domain.We propose a novel iteration algorithm for regional magnetic anomalies transformations to derive the vertical-component data from the total-field measurements with the variation in the core-fi eld direction over the region.Additionally,we use the same algorithm to convert the calculated vertical-component data into the corresponding data at the pole and realize the processing of diff erential reduction to the pole(DRTP).Unlike Arkani-Hamed’s DRTP method,the two types of iterative algorithms have the same forms,and DRTP is realized by implementing this algorithm twice.The synthetic model’s calculation results show that the method has high accuracy,and the fi eld data processing confi rms its practicality.展开更多
The distribution of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea and adjacent areas is closely related to the structural pattern that helped to define the controlling effect of deep processes on oil-bearing basins.Ign...The distribution of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea and adjacent areas is closely related to the structural pattern that helped to define the controlling effect of deep processes on oil-bearing basins.Igneous rocks can record important information from deep processes.Deep structures such as faults,basin uplift and depression,Cenozoic basement and magnetic basement are all the results of energy exchange within the earth.The study of the relationship between igneous rocks and deep structures is of great significance for the study of the South China Sea.By using the minimum curvature potential field separation technique and the correlation analysis technique of gravitational and magnetic anomalies,the fusion of gravitational and magnetic data reflecting igneous rocks can be obtained,through which the igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density can be identified.In this study area,igneous rocks do not develop in the Yinggehai basin,Qiongdongnan basin,Zengmu basin and Brunei-Sabah basin whilst igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density are widely-developed in other basins.In undeveloped igneous areas,faults are also undeveloped the Cenozoic thickness is greater,the magnetic basement depth is greater and the Cenozoic thickness is highly positively correlated with the magnetic basement depth.In igneously developed regions,the distribution pattern of the Qiongtai block is mainly controlled by primary faults,while the distribution of the Zhongxisha block,Xunta block and Yongshu-Taiping block is mainly controlled by secondary faults,the Cenozoic thickness having a low correlation with the depth of the magnetic basement.展开更多
Predominantly the localization accuracy of the magnetic field-based localization approaches is severed by two limiting factors:Smartphone heterogeneity and smaller data lengths.The use of multifarioussmartphones cripp...Predominantly the localization accuracy of the magnetic field-based localization approaches is severed by two limiting factors:Smartphone heterogeneity and smaller data lengths.The use of multifarioussmartphones cripples the performance of such approaches owing to the variability of the magnetic field data.In the same vein,smaller lengths of magnetic field data decrease the localization accuracy substantially.The current study proposes the use of multiple neural networks like deep neural network(DNN),long short term memory network(LSTM),and gated recurrent unit network(GRN)to perform indoor localization based on the embedded magnetic sensor of the smartphone.A voting scheme is introduced that takes predictions from neural networks into consideration to estimate the current location of the user.Contrary to conventional magnetic field-based localization approaches that rely on the magnetic field data intensity,this study utilizes the normalized magnetic field data for this purpose.Training of neural networks is carried out using Galaxy S8 data while the testing is performed with three devices,i.e.,LG G7,Galaxy S8,and LG Q6.Experiments are performed during different times of the day to analyze the impact of time variability.Results indicate that the proposed approach minimizes the impact of smartphone variability and elevates the localization accuracy.Performance comparison with three approaches reveals that the proposed approach outperforms them in mean,50%,and 75%error even using a lesser amount of magnetic field data than those of other approaches.展开更多
With the widespread application and fast development of gas and oil pipeline network in China, the pipeline inspection technology has been used more extensively. The magnetic flux leakage (MFL) method has establishe...With the widespread application and fast development of gas and oil pipeline network in China, the pipeline inspection technology has been used more extensively. The magnetic flux leakage (MFL) method has established itself as the most widely used in-line inspection technique for the evaluation of gas and oil pipelines. The MFL data obtained from seamless pipeline inspection is usually contaminated by the seamless pipe noise (SPN). SPN can in some cases completely mask MFL signals from certain type of defects, and therefore considerably reduces the detectability of the defect signals. In this paper, a new de-noising algorithm called wavelet domain adaptive filtering is proposed for removing the SPN contained in the MFL data. The new algorithm results from combining the wavelet transform with the adaptive filtering technique. Results from application of the proposed algorithm to the MFL data from field tests show that the proposed algorithm has good performance and considerably improves the detectability of the defect signals in the MFL data.展开更多
The present study focuses on the analysis and description of lineaments interpreted as secondary structures to describe the nature of Senegalo Malian Discontinuity. These lineaments cross-cut the large north-south ori...The present study focuses on the analysis and description of lineaments interpreted as secondary structures to describe the nature of Senegalo Malian Discontinuity. These lineaments cross-cut the large north-south oriented transcurrent lithospheric structure known as the Senegalo Malian Discontinuity (SMD). Two lineaments were selected oriented NNE (N15˚ to N25˚), one at Dialafara and one at Sadiola. Four profiles on each lineament of these 2 zones, so that there were 2 on each side of the SMD. The ground data collected were processed using proper parameter and software. Some filters were applied to enhance the signal level. These ground data were later compared to the existing airborne magnetic data for consistency and accuracy using the upward continuation filter. The results show that the quality of ground data is good. In addition, the ground magnetic data show the presence of certain local anomalies that are not visible in the regional data. The analytical signal was also used to determine domain boundaries or possible contact zones. The contact zone can be highlighted on certain profiles such as L300 and L600. The study showed that the west and east sides of the SMD are not the same. Secondary structures become wide when approaching the SMD on both sides. They are also duplicated to the east of the SMD when we move progressively away. In the Dialafara area, the ground magnetic data intersect an interpreted fold. The results of this work confirm the presence of the secondary structures and their evolution in relation to the SMD. The relationships between the secondary structures in the Dailafara and Sadiola zones and their relations with the SMD are highlighted. The technique used in this study, is an important approach to better description and interpreting of regional structures using the secondary structures and proposing a structural model.展开更多
The Zhuxi tungsten deposit in Jiangxi Province,South China,contains a total W reserve of about 2.86 Mt at an average grade of 0.54 wt%WO3,representing the largest W deposit in the world.Numerous studies on the metallo...The Zhuxi tungsten deposit in Jiangxi Province,South China,contains a total W reserve of about 2.86 Mt at an average grade of 0.54 wt%WO3,representing the largest W deposit in the world.Numerous studies on the metallogeny of the deposit have included its timing,the ore-controlling structures and sedimentary host rocks and their implications for mineral exploration.However,the deep nappe structural style of Taqian-Fuchun metallogenic belt that hosts the W deposit,and the spatial shape and scale of deeply concealed intrusions and their sedimentary host rocks are still poorly defined,which seriously restricts the discovery of new deposits at depth and in surrounding areas of the W deposit.Modern 3 D geological modeling is an important tool for the exploration of concealed orebodies,especially in brownfield environments.There are obvious density contrast and weak magnetic contrast in the ore-controlling strata and granite at the periphery of the deposit,which lays a physical foundation for solving the 3 D spatial problems of the ore-controlling geological body in the deep part of the study area through gravity and magnetic modeling.Gravity data(1:50000)and aeromagnetic data(1:50000)from the latest geophysical surveys of 2016-2018 have been used,firstly,to carry out a potential field separation to obtain residual anomalies for gravity and magnetic interactive inversion.Then,on the basis of the analysis of the relationship between physical properties and lithology,under the constraints of surface geology and borehole data,human-computer interactive gravity and magnetic inversion for 18 cross-sections were completed.Finally,the 3 D geological model of the Zhuxi tungsten deposit and its periphery have been established through these 18 sections,and the spatial shape of the intrusions and strata with a depth of 5 km underground were obtained,initially realizing―transparency‖for ore-controlling bodies.According the analysis of the geophysical,geochemical,and geological characteristics of the Zhuxi tungsten deposit,we discern three principles for prospecting and prediction in the research area,and propose five new exploration targets in its periphery.展开更多
Water is an essential natural resource without which life wouldn’t exist.The study aims to identify groundwater potential areas in Vepapanthattai taluk of Perambalur district,Tamil Nadu,India,using analytic hierarchy...Water is an essential natural resource without which life wouldn’t exist.The study aims to identify groundwater potential areas in Vepapanthattai taluk of Perambalur district,Tamil Nadu,India,using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model.Remote sensing and magnetic parameters have been used to determine the evaluation indicators for groundwater occurrence under the ArcGIS environment.Groundwater occurrence is linked to structural porosity and permeability over the predominantly hard rock terrain,making magnetic data more relevant for locating groundwater potential zones in the research area.NE-SW and NW-SE trending magnetic breaks derived from reduction to pole map are found to be more significant for groundwater exploration.The lineaments rose diagram indicates the general trend of the fracture to be in the NE-SW direction.Assigned normalised criteria weights acquired using the AHP model was used to reclassify the thematic layers.As a result,the taluk’s low,moderate,and high potential zones cover 25.08%,25.68%and 49.24%of the study area,respectively.The high potential zones exhibit characteristics favourable for groundwater infiltration and storage,with factors as gentle slope of<3°,high lineament densities,magnetic breaks,magnetic low zones as indicative of dykes and cracks,lithology as colluvial deposits and land surface with dense vegetation.The depth of the fracture zones was estimated using power spectrum and Euler Deconvolution method.The groundwater potential mapping results were validated using groundwater level data measured from the wells,which indicated that the groundwater potential zoning results are consistent with the data derived from the real world.展开更多
New methods are presented for processing and interpretation of shallow marine differential magnetic data, including constructing maps of offshore total magnetic anomalies with an extremely high reso- lution of up to 1...New methods are presented for processing and interpretation of shallow marine differential magnetic data, including constructing maps of offshore total magnetic anomalies with an extremely high reso- lution of up to 1-2 nT, mapping weak anomalies of 5-10 nT caused by mineralization effects at the contacts of hydrocarbons with host rocks, estimating depths to upper and lower boundaries of anom- alous magnetic sources, and estimating thickness of magnetic layers and boundaries of tectonic blocks. Horizontal dimensions of tectonic blocks in the so-called "seismic gap" region in the central Kuril Arc vary from 10 to 100 km, with typical dimensions of 25-30 km. The area of the "seismic gap" is a zone of intense tectonic activity and recent volcanism. Deep sources causing magnetic anomalies in the area are similar to the "magnetic belt" near Hokkaido. In the southern and central parts of Barents Sea, tectonic blocks with widths of 30-100 kin, and upper and lower boundaries of magnetic layers ranging from depths of 10 to 5 km and 18 to 30 km are calculated. Models of the magnetic layer underlying the Mezen Basin in an inland part of the White Sea-Barents Sea paleorift indicate depths to the lower boundary of the layer of 12-30 km. Weak local magnetic anomalies of 2-5 nT in the northern and central Caspian Sea were identified using the new methods, and drilling confirms that the anomalies are related to concentrations of hydrocarbon. Two layers causing magnetic anomalies are identified in the northern Caspian Sea from magnetic anomaly spectra. The upper layer lies immediately beneath the sea bottom and the lower layer occurs at depths between 30-40 m and 150-200 m.展开更多
The left-hand side of the auroral hiss emission observed by Galileo has a frequency time profile shaped very similar to the funnel shape observed in the Earth's auroral region. This close similarity indicates that we...The left-hand side of the auroral hiss emission observed by Galileo has a frequency time profile shaped very similar to the funnel shape observed in the Earth's auroral region. This close similarity indicates that we can use the theory of whistler- mode propagation near the resonance cone to locate the emission source. The general characteristics of the whistler mode are discussed. Then the position of the emission source is investigated using a geometrical method that takes into account the trajectory of Galileo. Initially a point source is assumed. Then the possibility of a sheet source aligned along the magnetic field lines which tigated. Both types of sources show that the close to the surface of Io. are tangent to the surface of Io is inves- whistler mode radiation originates veryclose to the surface of Io.展开更多
In this work, we first investigated the hemodynamic parameters in the case of a normal aortic arch anatomy and in the case of aortic coarctation anatomy, both generated by using CFX-ICEM-ANSYS simulations. Then, we co...In this work, we first investigated the hemodynamic parameters in the case of a normal aortic arch anatomy and in the case of aortic coarctation anatomy, both generated by using CFX-ICEM-ANSYS simulations. Then, we compared these results with those obtained for a proposed model without and with aortic coarctation, while introducing a real tridimensional magnetic resonance imaging geometry in the simulation process. The conclusion is that our proposed model reproduces, with a high agreement, the real case obtained from imaging data.展开更多
Stokes inversion calculation is a key process in resolving polarization information on radiation from the Sun and obtaining the associated vector magnetic fields. Even in the cases of simple local thermo- dynamic equi...Stokes inversion calculation is a key process in resolving polarization information on radiation from the Sun and obtaining the associated vector magnetic fields. Even in the cases of simple local thermo- dynamic equilibrium (LTE) and where the Milne-Eddington approximation is valid, the inversion problem may not be easy to solve. The initial values for the iterations are important in handling the case with mul- tiple minima. In this paper, we develop a fast inversion technique without iterations. The time taken for computation is only 1/100 the time that the iterative algorithm takes. In addition, it can provide available initial values even in cases with lower spectral resolutions. This strategy is useful for a filter-type Stokes spectrograph, such as SDO/HMI and the developed two-dimensional real-time spectrograph (2DS).展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41922027,41830107,42142034,41874086)Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University(2020CX012)+4 种基金Macao FoundationMacao Science and Technology Development Fund(0001/2019/A1)the Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies funded by China National Space Administration(D020303)the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate(CX20210277)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(2021zzts0259)。
文摘Mantle conductivity imaging is one of the scientific goals of the forthcoming Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1).To achieve this goal,we develop a data analysis and inversion scheme for satellite magnetic data to probe global one-dimensional(1D)mantle conductivity structures.Using this scheme,we present a new global mantle conductivity model by analyzing over 8 years of Swarm satellite magnetic data.First,after sophisticated data selection procedures and the removal of core and crustal fields,the inducing and induced spherical harmonic coefficients of magnetic potential due to the magnetospheric ring current are derived.Second,satellite Cresponses are estimated from the time series of these coefficients.Finally,the observed responses are inverted for both smooth and threejump conductivity models using a quasi-Newton algorithm.The obtained conductivity models are in general agreement with previous global mantle conductivity models.A comparison of our conductivity model with the laboratory conductivity model suggests the mean state of the upper mantle and transition zone is relatively dry.This scheme can be used to process the forthcoming Macao Science Satellite-1 magnetic data.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2021YFA0716100)the National Key Research and Development Program of China Project(Grant No.2018YFC0603502)Henan Youth Science Fund Program(Grant No.212300410105).
文摘The gravity and magnetic data can be adopted to interpret the internal structure of the Earth.To improve the calculation efficiency during the inversion process and the accuracy and reliability of the reconstructed physical property models,the triple strategy is adopted in this paper to develop a fast cross-gradient joint inversion for gravity and magnetic data.The cross-gradient constraint contains solving the gradients of the physical property models and performing the cross-product calculation of their gradients.The sparse matrices are first obtained by calculating the gradients of the physical property models derived from the first-order finite difference.Then,the triple method is applied to optimize the storages and the calculations related to the gradients of the physical property models.Therefore,the storage compression amount of the calculations related to the gradients of the physical property models and the cross-gradient constraint are reduced to one-fold of the number of grid cells at least,and the compression ratio increases with the increase of the number of grid cells.The test results from the synthetic data and field data prove that the structural coupling is achieved by using the fast cross-gradient joint inversion method to effectively reduce the multiplicity of solutions and improve the computing efficiency.
文摘The Kom-Ombo and Nuqra basins in southern Egypt have recently been discovered as potential hydrocarbon basins. The lack of information about the geothermal gradient and heat flow in the study area gives importance to studying the heat flow and the geothermal gradient. Several studies were carried out to investigate the geothermal analyses of the northwestern desert, as well as the west and east of the Nile River, using density, compressive wave velocity, and bottom hole temperature (BHT) measured from deep oil wells. This research relies on spectral analysis of airborne magnetic survey data in the Kom-Ombo and Nuqra basins in order to estimate the geothermal gradient based on calculating the depth to the bottom of the magnetic source that caused the occurrence of these magnetic deviations. This depth is equal to the CPD, at which the material loses its magnetic polarisation. This method is fast and gives satisfactory results. Usually, it can be applied as a reconnaissance technique for geothermal exploration targets due to the abundance of magnetic data. The depth of the top (Z<sub>t</sub>) and centroid (Z<sub>0</sub>) of the magnetic source bodies was calculated for the 32 windows representing the study area using spectral analysis of airborne magnetic data. The curie-isotherm depth, geothermal gradient, and heat flow maps were constructed for the study area. The results showed that the CPD in the study area ranges from 13 km to 20 km. The heat flow map values range from 69 to 109 mW/m<sup>2</sup>, with an average of about 80 mW/m<sup>2</sup>. The calculated heat flow values in the assigned areas (A, B, C, and D) of the study area are considered to have high heat flow values, reaching 109 mW/m<sup>2</sup>. On the other hand, the heat flow values in the other parts range from 70 to 85 mW/m<sup>2</sup>. Since heat flow plays an essential role in the maturation of organic matter, it is recommended that hydrocarbon accumulations be located in places with high heat flow values, while deep drilling of hydrocarbon wells is recommended in places with low to moderate heat flow values.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273179)Department of Education,Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Province of China(No.D20131206,No.20141304)
文摘Regularization inversion uses constraints and a regularization factor to solve ill- posed inversion problems in geophysics. The choice of the regularization factor and of the initial model is critical in regularization inversion. To deal with these problems, we propose a multiobjective particle swarm inversion (MOPSOI) algorithm to simultaneously minimize the data misfit and model constraints, and obtain a multiobjective inversion solution set without the gradient information of the objective function and the regularization factor. We then choose the optimum solution from the solution set based on the trade-off between data misfit and constraints that substitute for the regularization factor. The inversion of synthetic two-dimensional magnetic data suggests that the MOPSOI algorithm can obtain as many feasible solutions as possible; thus, deeper insights of the inversion process can be gained and more reasonable solutions can be obtained by balancing the data misfit and constraints. The proposed MOPSOI algorithm can deal with the problems of choosing the right regularization factor and the initial model.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40674063)National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863Program)(Grant No.2006AA09Z311)
文摘Based on the synchronous joint gravity and magnetic inversion of single interface by Pilkington and the need of revealing Cenozoic and crystalline basement thickness in the new round of oil-gas exploration, we propose a joint gravity and magnetic inversion methodfor two-layer models by concentrating on the relationship between the change of thicknessI and position of the middle layer and anomaly and discuss the effects of the key parameters. Model tests and application to field data show the validity of this method.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(No:2017YFC0602201)
文摘Joint inversion based on a correlation constraint utilizes a linear correlation function as a structural constraint.The linear correlation function contains a denominator,which may result in a singularity as the objective function is optimized,leading to an unstable inversion calculation.To improve the robustness of this calculation,this paper proposes a new method in which a sinusoidal correlation function is employed as the structural constraint for joint inversion instead of the conventional linear correlation function.This structural constraint does not contain a denominator,thereby preventing a singularity.Compared with the joint inversion method based on a cross-gradient constraint,the joint inversion method based on a sinusoidal correlation constraint exhibits good performance.An application to actual data demonstrates that this method can process real data.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFC0602000)the China Geological Survey Project (Nos. DD20191001 and DD20189410)。
文摘The vector transformation and pole reduction from the total-field anomaly are signifi cant for the interpretation.We examined these industry-standard processing procedures in the Fourier domain.We propose a novel iteration algorithm for regional magnetic anomalies transformations to derive the vertical-component data from the total-field measurements with the variation in the core-fi eld direction over the region.Additionally,we use the same algorithm to convert the calculated vertical-component data into the corresponding data at the pole and realize the processing of diff erential reduction to the pole(DRTP).Unlike Arkani-Hamed’s DRTP method,the two types of iterative algorithms have the same forms,and DRTP is realized by implementing this algorithm twice.The synthetic model’s calculation results show that the method has high accuracy,and the fi eld data processing confi rms its practicality.
基金supported by CNOOC Research Institute,the Major National R&D project(Grant No.2008 ZX05025)the National R&D project(Grant No.2017 yfc0602202)。
文摘The distribution of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea and adjacent areas is closely related to the structural pattern that helped to define the controlling effect of deep processes on oil-bearing basins.Igneous rocks can record important information from deep processes.Deep structures such as faults,basin uplift and depression,Cenozoic basement and magnetic basement are all the results of energy exchange within the earth.The study of the relationship between igneous rocks and deep structures is of great significance for the study of the South China Sea.By using the minimum curvature potential field separation technique and the correlation analysis technique of gravitational and magnetic anomalies,the fusion of gravitational and magnetic data reflecting igneous rocks can be obtained,through which the igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density can be identified.In this study area,igneous rocks do not develop in the Yinggehai basin,Qiongdongnan basin,Zengmu basin and Brunei-Sabah basin whilst igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density are widely-developed in other basins.In undeveloped igneous areas,faults are also undeveloped the Cenozoic thickness is greater,the magnetic basement depth is greater and the Cenozoic thickness is highly positively correlated with the magnetic basement depth.In igneously developed regions,the distribution pattern of the Qiongtai block is mainly controlled by primary faults,while the distribution of the Zhongxisha block,Xunta block and Yongshu-Taiping block is mainly controlled by secondary faults,the Cenozoic thickness having a low correlation with the depth of the magnetic basement.
基金supported by the MSIT(Ministry of Science and ICT),Korea,under the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center)support program(IITP-2019-2016-0-00313)supervised by the IITP(Institute for Information&communication Technology Promotion)+1 种基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning(2017R1E1A1A01074345).
文摘Predominantly the localization accuracy of the magnetic field-based localization approaches is severed by two limiting factors:Smartphone heterogeneity and smaller data lengths.The use of multifarioussmartphones cripples the performance of such approaches owing to the variability of the magnetic field data.In the same vein,smaller lengths of magnetic field data decrease the localization accuracy substantially.The current study proposes the use of multiple neural networks like deep neural network(DNN),long short term memory network(LSTM),and gated recurrent unit network(GRN)to perform indoor localization based on the embedded magnetic sensor of the smartphone.A voting scheme is introduced that takes predictions from neural networks into consideration to estimate the current location of the user.Contrary to conventional magnetic field-based localization approaches that rely on the magnetic field data intensity,this study utilizes the normalized magnetic field data for this purpose.Training of neural networks is carried out using Galaxy S8 data while the testing is performed with three devices,i.e.,LG G7,Galaxy S8,and LG Q6.Experiments are performed during different times of the day to analyze the impact of time variability.Results indicate that the proposed approach minimizes the impact of smartphone variability and elevates the localization accuracy.Performance comparison with three approaches reveals that the proposed approach outperforms them in mean,50%,and 75%error even using a lesser amount of magnetic field data than those of other approaches.
文摘With the widespread application and fast development of gas and oil pipeline network in China, the pipeline inspection technology has been used more extensively. The magnetic flux leakage (MFL) method has established itself as the most widely used in-line inspection technique for the evaluation of gas and oil pipelines. The MFL data obtained from seamless pipeline inspection is usually contaminated by the seamless pipe noise (SPN). SPN can in some cases completely mask MFL signals from certain type of defects, and therefore considerably reduces the detectability of the defect signals. In this paper, a new de-noising algorithm called wavelet domain adaptive filtering is proposed for removing the SPN contained in the MFL data. The new algorithm results from combining the wavelet transform with the adaptive filtering technique. Results from application of the proposed algorithm to the MFL data from field tests show that the proposed algorithm has good performance and considerably improves the detectability of the defect signals in the MFL data.
文摘The present study focuses on the analysis and description of lineaments interpreted as secondary structures to describe the nature of Senegalo Malian Discontinuity. These lineaments cross-cut the large north-south oriented transcurrent lithospheric structure known as the Senegalo Malian Discontinuity (SMD). Two lineaments were selected oriented NNE (N15˚ to N25˚), one at Dialafara and one at Sadiola. Four profiles on each lineament of these 2 zones, so that there were 2 on each side of the SMD. The ground data collected were processed using proper parameter and software. Some filters were applied to enhance the signal level. These ground data were later compared to the existing airborne magnetic data for consistency and accuracy using the upward continuation filter. The results show that the quality of ground data is good. In addition, the ground magnetic data show the presence of certain local anomalies that are not visible in the regional data. The analytical signal was also used to determine domain boundaries or possible contact zones. The contact zone can be highlighted on certain profiles such as L300 and L600. The study showed that the west and east sides of the SMD are not the same. Secondary structures become wide when approaching the SMD on both sides. They are also duplicated to the east of the SMD when we move progressively away. In the Dialafara area, the ground magnetic data intersect an interpreted fold. The results of this work confirm the presence of the secondary structures and their evolution in relation to the SMD. The relationships between the secondary structures in the Dailafara and Sadiola zones and their relations with the SMD are highlighted. The technique used in this study, is an important approach to better description and interpreting of regional structures using the secondary structures and proposing a structural model.
基金jointly supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0600201)China Geological Survey project(Grant Nos.DD20190012,DD20160082)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92062108,41630320,41574133)。
文摘The Zhuxi tungsten deposit in Jiangxi Province,South China,contains a total W reserve of about 2.86 Mt at an average grade of 0.54 wt%WO3,representing the largest W deposit in the world.Numerous studies on the metallogeny of the deposit have included its timing,the ore-controlling structures and sedimentary host rocks and their implications for mineral exploration.However,the deep nappe structural style of Taqian-Fuchun metallogenic belt that hosts the W deposit,and the spatial shape and scale of deeply concealed intrusions and their sedimentary host rocks are still poorly defined,which seriously restricts the discovery of new deposits at depth and in surrounding areas of the W deposit.Modern 3 D geological modeling is an important tool for the exploration of concealed orebodies,especially in brownfield environments.There are obvious density contrast and weak magnetic contrast in the ore-controlling strata and granite at the periphery of the deposit,which lays a physical foundation for solving the 3 D spatial problems of the ore-controlling geological body in the deep part of the study area through gravity and magnetic modeling.Gravity data(1:50000)and aeromagnetic data(1:50000)from the latest geophysical surveys of 2016-2018 have been used,firstly,to carry out a potential field separation to obtain residual anomalies for gravity and magnetic interactive inversion.Then,on the basis of the analysis of the relationship between physical properties and lithology,under the constraints of surface geology and borehole data,human-computer interactive gravity and magnetic inversion for 18 cross-sections were completed.Finally,the 3 D geological model of the Zhuxi tungsten deposit and its periphery have been established through these 18 sections,and the spatial shape of the intrusions and strata with a depth of 5 km underground were obtained,initially realizing―transparency‖for ore-controlling bodies.According the analysis of the geophysical,geochemical,and geological characteristics of the Zhuxi tungsten deposit,we discern three principles for prospecting and prediction in the research area,and propose five new exploration targets in its periphery.
文摘Water is an essential natural resource without which life wouldn’t exist.The study aims to identify groundwater potential areas in Vepapanthattai taluk of Perambalur district,Tamil Nadu,India,using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model.Remote sensing and magnetic parameters have been used to determine the evaluation indicators for groundwater occurrence under the ArcGIS environment.Groundwater occurrence is linked to structural porosity and permeability over the predominantly hard rock terrain,making magnetic data more relevant for locating groundwater potential zones in the research area.NE-SW and NW-SE trending magnetic breaks derived from reduction to pole map are found to be more significant for groundwater exploration.The lineaments rose diagram indicates the general trend of the fracture to be in the NE-SW direction.Assigned normalised criteria weights acquired using the AHP model was used to reclassify the thematic layers.As a result,the taluk’s low,moderate,and high potential zones cover 25.08%,25.68%and 49.24%of the study area,respectively.The high potential zones exhibit characteristics favourable for groundwater infiltration and storage,with factors as gentle slope of<3°,high lineament densities,magnetic breaks,magnetic low zones as indicative of dykes and cracks,lithology as colluvial deposits and land surface with dense vegetation.The depth of the fracture zones was estimated using power spectrum and Euler Deconvolution method.The groundwater potential mapping results were validated using groundwater level data measured from the wells,which indicated that the groundwater potential zoning results are consistent with the data derived from the real world.
基金supported by the Russian Fund of Fundamental Research(Grant No.11-05-00280)
文摘New methods are presented for processing and interpretation of shallow marine differential magnetic data, including constructing maps of offshore total magnetic anomalies with an extremely high reso- lution of up to 1-2 nT, mapping weak anomalies of 5-10 nT caused by mineralization effects at the contacts of hydrocarbons with host rocks, estimating depths to upper and lower boundaries of anom- alous magnetic sources, and estimating thickness of magnetic layers and boundaries of tectonic blocks. Horizontal dimensions of tectonic blocks in the so-called "seismic gap" region in the central Kuril Arc vary from 10 to 100 km, with typical dimensions of 25-30 km. The area of the "seismic gap" is a zone of intense tectonic activity and recent volcanism. Deep sources causing magnetic anomalies in the area are similar to the "magnetic belt" near Hokkaido. In the southern and central parts of Barents Sea, tectonic blocks with widths of 30-100 kin, and upper and lower boundaries of magnetic layers ranging from depths of 10 to 5 km and 18 to 30 km are calculated. Models of the magnetic layer underlying the Mezen Basin in an inland part of the White Sea-Barents Sea paleorift indicate depths to the lower boundary of the layer of 12-30 km. Weak local magnetic anomalies of 2-5 nT in the northern and central Caspian Sea were identified using the new methods, and drilling confirms that the anomalies are related to concentrations of hydrocarbon. Two layers causing magnetic anomalies are identified in the northern Caspian Sea from magnetic anomaly spectra. The upper layer lies immediately beneath the sea bottom and the lower layer occurs at depths between 30-40 m and 150-200 m.
文摘The left-hand side of the auroral hiss emission observed by Galileo has a frequency time profile shaped very similar to the funnel shape observed in the Earth's auroral region. This close similarity indicates that we can use the theory of whistler- mode propagation near the resonance cone to locate the emission source. The general characteristics of the whistler mode are discussed. Then the position of the emission source is investigated using a geometrical method that takes into account the trajectory of Galileo. Initially a point source is assumed. Then the possibility of a sheet source aligned along the magnetic field lines which tigated. Both types of sources show that the close to the surface of Io. are tangent to the surface of Io is inves- whistler mode radiation originates veryclose to the surface of Io.
文摘In this work, we first investigated the hemodynamic parameters in the case of a normal aortic arch anatomy and in the case of aortic coarctation anatomy, both generated by using CFX-ICEM-ANSYS simulations. Then, we compared these results with those obtained for a proposed model without and with aortic coarctation, while introducing a real tridimensional magnetic resonance imaging geometry in the simulation process. The conclusion is that our proposed model reproduces, with a high agreement, the real case obtained from imaging data.
基金funded by the Key Laboratory of Solar Activity of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Science Foundationsupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11178005 and 11427901)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB09040200)
文摘Stokes inversion calculation is a key process in resolving polarization information on radiation from the Sun and obtaining the associated vector magnetic fields. Even in the cases of simple local thermo- dynamic equilibrium (LTE) and where the Milne-Eddington approximation is valid, the inversion problem may not be easy to solve. The initial values for the iterations are important in handling the case with mul- tiple minima. In this paper, we develop a fast inversion technique without iterations. The time taken for computation is only 1/100 the time that the iterative algorithm takes. In addition, it can provide available initial values even in cases with lower spectral resolutions. This strategy is useful for a filter-type Stokes spectrograph, such as SDO/HMI and the developed two-dimensional real-time spectrograph (2DS).