垂直上升通道内气泡–液态金属MHD流动与传热的数值研究

在聚变堆的冷却系统中,由于强磁场的影响,液态金属流动受到抑制,通过掺入气泡到液态金属中可减小磁流体力学(Magnetohydrodynamic,MHD)效应,提升传热速率。该文基于VOF多相流模型,在不同的磁场强度(0~1.3 T)和不同的气泡雷诺数(1.3×10^(4)~6.76×10^(4))范围内,对横向磁场作用下垂直上升通道中气泡-液态金属两相流动传热特性进行数值研究。结果表明,无磁场时气体呈柱状流,而在磁场作用下,由于MHD箍缩效应的影响,气柱破裂、分离,形成了气泡流;随着磁场增大,其分离点由入口逐渐向上移动,且气泡运动速度随之增加。与液态金属单相流相比,气泡-液态金属两相流动的平均换热系数随磁场强度和气泡雷诺数增加均呈下降趋势,但因两相流动显著减小由MHD效应引起的压降,从而提升通道内综合换热因子,且在磁场较小时,提升效果更好。

Simulation of Natural Convection Flow with Magneto-Hydrodynamics in a Wavy Top Enclosure with a Semi-Circular Heater

Natural convection flow in enclosure has different applications such as room ventilation, heat exchangers, the cooling system of a building etc. The Finite-Element method based on the Galerkin weighted residual approach is used to solve two-dimensional governing mass, momentum and energy-equations for natural convection flow in the presence of a magnetic field on a roof top with semi-circular heater. In the enclosure the horizontal lower wall was heated, the vertical two walls were adiabatic, inside the semi-circular heater, the wavy top wall cooled. The parameters Rayleigh number, Hartmann number and Prandtl number are considered. The effects of the Hartmann number and Rayleigh number on the streamlines, isotherms, velocity profiles and average Nusselt number are examined graphically. The local Nusselt number and the average Nusselt number of the heated portion of the enclosure with the semi-circular heater are presented in this paper. Finally, for the validation of the existing work, the current results are compared with published results and the auspicious agreement is achieved.

Magneto-hydrodynamic simulation study of direct current multi-contact circuit breaker for equalizing breaking arc

This work is based on a direct current(DC)natural current commutation topology,which uses load-carrying branch contacts carrying rated current and multiple sets of series arcing branch contacts in parallel to achieve circuit breaking.The proposed topology can meet the new requirements of higher voltage DC switches in aviation,aerospace,energy and other fields.First,a magneto-hydrodynamic arc model is built using COMSOL Multiphysics,and the different arc breaking characteristics of the arcing branch contacts in different gas environments are simulated.Then,a voltage uniformity coefficient is used to measure the voltage sharing effect in the process of dynamic interruption.In order to solve the dispersion of arcing contact action,a structural control method is adopted to improve the voltage uniformity coefficient.The uniform voltage distribution can improve the breaking capacity and electrical life of the series connection structure.

Natural Convection and Irreversibility of Nanofluid Due to Inclined Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)Filled in a Cavity with Y-Shape Heated Fin:FEM Computational

This study explains the entropy process of natural convective heating in the nanofluid-saturated cavity in a heated fin andmagnetic field.The temperature is constant on the Y-shaped fin,insulating the topwall while the remaining walls remain cold.All walls are subject to impermeability and non-slip conditions.The mathematical modeling of the problem is demonstrated by the continuity,momentum,and energy equations incorporating the inclined magnetic field.For elucidating the flow characteristics Finite ElementMethod(FEM)is implemented using stable FE pair.A hybrid fine mesh is used for discretizing the domain.Velocity and thermal plots concerning parameters are drawn.In addition,a detailed discussion regarding generation energy by monitoring changes in magnetic,viscous,total,and thermal irreversibility is provided.In addition,line graphs are created for the u and v components of the velocity profile to predict the flow behavior.Current simulations assume the dimensionless representative of magnetic field Hartmann number Ha between 0 and 100 and a magnetic field inclination between 0 and 90 degrees.A constant 4% volume proportion of nanoparticles is employed throughout all scenarios.

THE GLOBAL EXISTENCE AND ANALYTICITY OF A MILD SOLUTION TO THE 3D REGULARIZED MHD EQUATIONS

In this paper,we study the three-dimensional regularized MHD equations with fractional Laplacians in the dissipative and diffusive terms.We establish the global existence of mild solutions to this system with small initial data.In addition,we also obtain the Gevrey class regularity and the temporal decay rate of the solution.

罗沙司他与琥珀酸亚铁对MHD肾性贫血患者铁蛋白、铁调素、白细胞介素-6、C反应蛋白水平的影响

目的分析罗沙司他和琥珀酸亚铁对于维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)肾性贫血患者的疗效。方法目的选取河西学院附属张掖人民医院肾病科2022年1月—2023年7月期间收治的90例MHD肾性贫血患者,依照治疗方法不同分组,每组45例。所有患者均使用常规对症治疗,对照组加用琥珀酸亚铁,观察组加用罗沙司他+琥珀酸亚铁,分析疗效。结果观察组血清转铁蛋白饱和度为(39.02±3.61)%,高于对照组的(34.96±3.38)%,差异有统计学意义(t=5.507,P<0.05),观察组的铁调素、铁蛋白水平低于对照组,观察组的炎症因子水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论罗沙司他协同琥珀酸亚铁能进一步改善MHD肾性贫血患者的铁代谢,调节铁调素,减轻炎性反应,值得推荐。

GLOBAL UNIQUE SOLUTIONS FOR THE INCOMPRESSIBLE MHD EQUATIONS WITH VARIABLE DENSITY AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY

We study the global unique solutions to the 2-D inhomogeneous incompressible MHD equations,with the initial data(u0,B0)being located in the critical Besov space■and the initial densityρ0 being close to a positive constant.By using weighted global estimates,maximal regularity estimates in the Lorentz space for the Stokes system,and the Lagrangian approach,we show that the 2-D MHD equations have a unique global solution.

Experimental study of core MHD behavior and a novel algorithm for rational surface detection based on profile reflectometry in EAST

Microwave reflectometry is a powerful diagnostic that can measure the density profile and localized turbulence with high spatial and temporal resolution and will be used in ITER,so understanding the influence of plasma perturbations on the reflect signal is important.The characteristics of the reflect signal from profile reflectometry,the time-of-flight(TOF)signal associated with the MHD instabilities,are investigated in EAST.Using a 1D full-wave simulation code by the Finite-DifferenceTime-Domain(FDTD)method,it is well validated that the local density flattening could induce the discontinuity of the simulated TOF signal and an obvious change of reflect amplitude.Experimental TOF signals under different types of MHD instabilities(sawtooth,sawtooth precursors and tearing mode)are studied in detail and show agreement with the simulation.Two new improved algorithms for detecting and localizing the radial positions of the low-order rational surface,the cross-correlation and gradient threshold(CGT)method and the 2D convolutional neural network approach(CNN)are presented for the first time.It is concluded that TOF signal analysis from profile reflectometry can provide a straightforward and localized measurement of the plasma perturbation from the edge to the core simultaneously and may be a complement or correction to the q-profile control,which will be beneficial for the advanced tokamak operation.

近日太阳风中磁场回弯结构的MHD模拟

帕克太阳探针(Parker Solar Probe,PSP)在太阳附近发现大量磁力线回弯结构,通常还伴随有太阳风速度增加.这些磁力线回弯的产生机制到目前为止有多种解释,其中有代表性的一种是由慢太阳风中的喷流引起的.我们首先对PSP的就地观测数据进行了统计分析并给出了发生率和空间尺度随径向距离的演化情况,然后使用简化的1.5维磁流体动力学(magnetohydrodynamics,MHD)模型对喷流在太阳风中的演化进行了模拟,其中太阳风被简化为位于黄道面的球对称流.模拟结果表明喷流的确可以导致太阳附近磁力线发生偏转,验证了喷流可以对磁场方向改变有贡献的图景.不过喷流形成的原因还需要进一步研究.

Hybrid Effects on MHD Mixed Convective Boundary Layer Flow through a Sloped Plate in Existence of Nanofluid-Saturated Porous Medium

This study examines the effects of heat, mass, and boundary layer assumptions-based nanoparticle characteristics on the hybrid effects of using MHD in conjunction with mixed convective flow through a sloped vertical pore plate in the existence of medium of porous. Physical characteristics such as thermo-diffusion, injection-suction, and viscous dissipation are taken into consideration, in addition to an equally distributed magnetic force utilized as well in the completely opposite path of the flow. By means of several non-dimensional transformations, the momentum, energy, concentration, and nanoparticle volume fraction equations under investigation are converted in terms of nonlinear boundary layer equations and computationally resolved by utilizing the sixth-order Runge-Kutta strategy in combination together with the iteration of Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting procedure. By contrasting the findings produced for a few particular examples with those found in the published literature, the correctness of the numerical result is verified, and a rather good agreement is found. Utilizing various ranges of pertinent factors, computing findings are determined not only regarding velocity, temperature, and concentration as well as nanoparticle fraction of volume but also concerning with local skin-friction coefficient, local Nusselt and general Sherwood numbers associated with nanoparticle Sherwood number. The findings of the study demonstrate that increasing the fluid suction parameter decreases the velocity and temperature of the flow field in conjunction with concentration and has a variable impact on the nanoparticle fraction of volume, despite an increasing behavior in the local skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt as well as general Sherwood numbers and an increasing behavior in the local nanoparticle Sherwood number. Furthermore, enhancing a Schmidt number leads to a reduction in the local nanoparticle Sherwood number and a rise in the nanoparticle proportion of volume. Along with concentration, it also reduces temperature and velocity. However, it also raises the local Sherwood and Nusselt numbers and reduces the local skin friction coefficient.

A Provable Positivity-Preserving Local Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the Viscous and Resistive MHD Equations

In this paper,we construct a high-order discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method which can preserve the positivity of the density and the pressure for the viscous and resistive magnetohydrodynamics(VRMHD).To control the divergence error in the magnetic field,both the local divergence-free basis and the Godunov source term would be employed for the multi-dimensional VRMHD.Rigorous theoretical analyses are presented for one-dimensional and multi-dimensional DG schemes,respectively,showing that the scheme can maintain the positivity-preserving(PP)property under some CFL conditions when combined with the strong-stability-preserving time discretization.Then,general frameworks are established to construct the PP limiter for arbitrary order of accuracy DG schemes.Numerical tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

不可压MHD方程组中的全局正则性的一些探索

本文证明了不可压缩磁流体(MHD)方程组在下述空间全局正则性,当初值满足的MHD方程在[0,T]上有唯一解。

Flow and Heat Transfer of a Dusty Williamson MHD Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Cylinder in a Porous Medium

This study investigates the flow and heat transfer of dusty Williamson (MHD) Nanofluid flow over a stretching permeable cylinder in a porous medium. Dusty Williamson Nanofluid was considered due to its thermal properties and potential benefits of increasing the heat transfer rate. Firstly, partial differential equations are transformed into coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations through a similarity variables transformation. The resulting set of dimensionless equations is solved analytically by using the Homogony Perturbation Method (HPM). The effects of the emerging parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles as well as skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number are publicized through tables and graphs with appropriate discussions. The present result has been compared with published papers and found to be in agreement. To the best of author’s knowledge, there has been sparse research work in the literature that considers the effect of dust with Williamson Nanofluid and also solving the problem analytically. Therefore to the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first time analytical solution has been established for the problem. The results revealed that the fluid velocity of both the fluid and dust phases decreases as the Williamson parameter increases. Motivated by the above limitations and the gaps in past works, therefore, it is hoped that the present work will assist in providing accurate solutions to many practical problems in science, industry and engineering.

三维不可压MHD方程在变指数Lebesgue空间中的适定性

该文主要考虑了三维不可压MHD方程在变指数Lebesgue空间中的适定性。通过克服变指数Lebesgue空间与经典的Lebesgue空间不同所带来的困难,建立了三维不可压MHD方程在空间ℒ3p(⋅)(ℝ3,L∞(0,∞))中小初值问题的整体适定性,并在空间Lp(⋅)([0,T],Lq(ℝ3))中证明了大初值问题的局部适定性。

罗沙司他联合益气维血胶囊对MHD肾性贫血患者NF-κB及CRP的影响

肾性贫血是维持性血液透析(MHD)患者常见的并发症[1],严重影响患者的生活质量及预后。目前随着红细胞生成的广泛应用,极大地改善了MHD肾性贫血患者的预后,但是研究发现[2],大约5%至10%的肾性贫血患者存在促红细胞生成素(EPO)抵抗,导致需要大量的EPO才能达到血红蛋白水平。

Vlasov-Fokker-Planck-MHD方程组整体强解的存在性

考虑了一维Vlasov-MHD方程组初边值问题解的整体适定性。该方程组由带有黏性的磁流体力学方程组(MHD)和Vlasov-Fokker-Planck方程构成,刻画了不带电粒子在黏性非均质可压缩导电流体中的运动。文章利用能量估计的方法并结合粒子运动的反射边界条件证明了该方程组整体强解的存在性。

护肾健脾脐灸治疗脾肾气虚型MHD营养不良患者的疗效观察

讨论及研究护肾健脾脐灸治疗脾肾气虚型MHD营养不良患者的治疗效果。方法 本次研究的时间为2021年10月份至2023年9月份,纳入本次研究患者的数量为80例,通过随机的方式进行分组,组别为对照组和试验组,对照组提从常规治疗,试验组在对照组治疗基础上提供护肾健脾脐灸,分析两组患者的治疗效果,明确患者的SGA、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白、血清前白蛋白,评估患者不良反应。结果 试验组患者相关指标显佳,p<0.05,不良反应差与对显组患者相比,差异不大,p>0.05。结论 对脾肾气虚型MHD营养不良患者提供护肾健脾脐灸治疗,可以改善患者的临床指标,安全性较高,值得提倡。

Mixed convectional and chemical reactive flow of nanofluid with slanted MHD on moving permeable stretching/shrinking sheet through nonlinear radiation,energy omission

Hybrid nanofluids are remarkable functioning liquids that are intended to reduce the energy loss while maximizing the heat transmission.In the involvement of suction and nonlinear thermal radiation effects,this study attempted to explore the energy transmission features of the inclined magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)stagnation flow of CNTs-hybrid nanofluid across the nonlinear permeable stretching or shrinking sheet.This work also included some noteworthy features like chemical reactions,variable molecular diffusivity,quadratic convection,viscous dissipation,velocity slip and heat omission assessment.Employing appropriate similarity components,the model equations were modified to ODEs and computed by using the HAM technique.The impact of various relevant flow characteristics on movement,heat and concentration profiles was investigated and plotted on a graph.Considering various model factors,the significance of drag friction,heat and mass transfer rate were also computed in tabular and graphical form.This leads to the conclusion that such factors have a considerable impact on the dynamics of fluid as well as other engineering measurements of interest.Furthermore,viscous forces are dominated by increasing the values ofλ_(p),δ_(m)andδ_(q),and as a result,F(ξ)accelerates while the opposite trend is observed for M andφ.The drag friction is boosted by the augmentation M,λ_(p)andφ,but the rate of heat transfer declined.According to our findings,hybrid nanoliquid effects dominate that of ordinary nanofluid in terms of F(ξ),Θ(ξ)andφ(ξ)profiles.The HAM and the numerical technique(shooting method)were found to be in good agreement.

罗沙司他、rhEPO分别联合琥珀酸亚铁治疗MHD肾性贫血的临床效果

目的观察罗沙司他、重组人红细胞生成素(rhEPO)分别联合琥珀酸亚铁治疗维持性血液透析(MHD)肾性贫血的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2021年1月~2023年5月我院收治的MHD肾性贫血患者88例。根据不同的治疗方法将患者分为罗沙司他组(46例)是接受罗沙司他联合琥珀酸亚铁治疗,rhEPO组(42例)是接受rhEPO联合琥珀酸亚铁治疗,治疗周期均为12周。观察两组治疗效果;治疗前后两组患者的贫血相关指标[血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、血清铁蛋白(SF)、转铁蛋白饱和度(TSAT)];肾功能指标[胱抑素C(CysC)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)];记录两组不良反应(呕吐、头痛、血压升高、高血钾症)发生情况。结果治疗后,罗沙司他组治疗有效率高于rhEPO组(P<0.05);罗沙司他组RBC、Hb、SF、TSAT水平均高于rhEPO组(P<0.05);罗沙司他组CysC、β2-MG水平均低于rhEPO组(P<0.05);两组不良反应差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论罗沙司他联合琥珀酸亚铁对MHD肾性贫血的治疗效果更好,能够有效改善患者贫血水平和肾功能,且药物不良反应较小,具有安全性。

电磁驱动高能量密度动力学实验的一维磁流体力学多物理场数值模拟平台:SSS-MHD

超高压、超高密度物质状态生成和性质研究是当代极端物理学的重要前沿领域,电磁驱动的高能量密度物理实验对于该领域的意义尤为重要。这类实验虽然形式上多种多样,但在物理上有内在统一性,即均以力学守恒定律和宏观电磁理论为基本框架。为了建立统一数值模拟平台、依靠负载电流实验数据(或驱动电路真实数据)确定各种极端实验条件下负载构形的力学运动及其与各个物理场的耦合问题,将经受大量实际检验的冲击、爆轰动力学和激光效应计算的一维拉格朗日编码SSS,实质性扩展成为磁流体力学多物理场耦合编码SSS-MHD。对于具有典型意义的平面准等熵斜波压缩、高速平面固体飞片发射、固体套筒电磁内爆和炸药内爆磁通量压缩实验等各类高能量密度动力学实验案例的模拟计算结果表明,编码SSS-MHD计算与美国Z装置、中国CQ和CJ系列装置的实验及美国编码ALEGRA-1D和2D计算数据的相对偏差基本不超过5%。该数值模拟平台为极端材料动力学实验(包括气体、液体、化合物和金属)提供了有力的支撑,还将有助于多维磁流体力学多物理场编码的开发。