China still must overcome some obstacles to resume high economic growth The economic data in the first quarter entail worries about the future, including a fiscal revenue decline, lending surge and sluggish overseas d...China still must overcome some obstacles to resume high economic growth The economic data in the first quarter entail worries about the future, including a fiscal revenue decline, lending surge and sluggish overseas demand.展开更多
The objective of this study is to weigh and recommend environmentally-optimal regional land-use planning guidelines for coastal regions. The present malaise is assessed, as regards inefficiencies, non-suitability, non...The objective of this study is to weigh and recommend environmentally-optimal regional land-use planning guidelines for coastal regions. The present malaise is assessed, as regards inefficiencies, non-suitability, non-sustainability, enhancing factors of environmental degradation, and potentially destructive consequences of current land-use alteration. Desired situations and goals are considered, and means are proposed for bridging the gap between the present malaise and a desired situation, based on five key approaches developed by the authors. Specific examples of regional approaches are presented. Guidelines and operational measures for sound regional planning the authors have employed in similar circumstances are recommended.展开更多
Multicollinearity constitutes shared variation among predictors that inflates standard errors of regression coefficients. Several years ago, it was proven that the common practice of mean centering in moderated regres...Multicollinearity constitutes shared variation among predictors that inflates standard errors of regression coefficients. Several years ago, it was proven that the common practice of mean centering in moderated regression cannot alleviate multicollinearity among variables comprising an interaction, but merely masks it. Residual centering (orthogonalizing) is unacceptable because it biases parameters for predictors from which the interaction derives, thus precluding interpretation of moderator effects. I propose and validate residual centering in sequential re-estimations of a moderated regression—sequential residual centering (SRC)—by revealing unbiased multicollinearity conditioning across the interaction and its related terms. Across simulations, SRC reduces variance inflation factors (VIF) regardless of distribution shape or pattern of regression coefficients across predictors. For any predictor, the reduced VIF is used to derive a lower standard error of its regression coefficient. A cancer sample illustrates SRC, which allows unbiased interpretations of symptom clusters. SRC can be applied efficiently to alleviate multicollinearity after data collection and shows promise for advancing synergistic frontiers of research.展开更多
Its ecological processes evolved from the eocene,when the continents were already relatively willing as they are today.Currently,the Atlantic Forest has only 7%of its original area.Parasitoids are organisms that cause...Its ecological processes evolved from the eocene,when the continents were already relatively willing as they are today.Currently,the Atlantic Forest has only 7%of its original area.Parasitoids are organisms that cause the death of their hosts to complete their development and act as parasites only in the larval stage,when they develop in only one host,with adults having a free life.The objective of the six studies was to verify the groups of parasitoids present in Atlantic Forest Biomes in Brazil with a bibliographic summary.The Hymenoptera Parasitica were collected in the Atlantic Forest biome from 2002 to 2021.展开更多
文摘China still must overcome some obstacles to resume high economic growth The economic data in the first quarter entail worries about the future, including a fiscal revenue decline, lending surge and sluggish overseas demand.
文摘The objective of this study is to weigh and recommend environmentally-optimal regional land-use planning guidelines for coastal regions. The present malaise is assessed, as regards inefficiencies, non-suitability, non-sustainability, enhancing factors of environmental degradation, and potentially destructive consequences of current land-use alteration. Desired situations and goals are considered, and means are proposed for bridging the gap between the present malaise and a desired situation, based on five key approaches developed by the authors. Specific examples of regional approaches are presented. Guidelines and operational measures for sound regional planning the authors have employed in similar circumstances are recommended.
文摘Multicollinearity constitutes shared variation among predictors that inflates standard errors of regression coefficients. Several years ago, it was proven that the common practice of mean centering in moderated regression cannot alleviate multicollinearity among variables comprising an interaction, but merely masks it. Residual centering (orthogonalizing) is unacceptable because it biases parameters for predictors from which the interaction derives, thus precluding interpretation of moderator effects. I propose and validate residual centering in sequential re-estimations of a moderated regression—sequential residual centering (SRC)—by revealing unbiased multicollinearity conditioning across the interaction and its related terms. Across simulations, SRC reduces variance inflation factors (VIF) regardless of distribution shape or pattern of regression coefficients across predictors. For any predictor, the reduced VIF is used to derive a lower standard error of its regression coefficient. A cancer sample illustrates SRC, which allows unbiased interpretations of symptom clusters. SRC can be applied efficiently to alleviate multicollinearity after data collection and shows promise for advancing synergistic frontiers of research.
文摘Its ecological processes evolved from the eocene,when the continents were already relatively willing as they are today.Currently,the Atlantic Forest has only 7%of its original area.Parasitoids are organisms that cause the death of their hosts to complete their development and act as parasites only in the larval stage,when they develop in only one host,with adults having a free life.The objective of the six studies was to verify the groups of parasitoids present in Atlantic Forest Biomes in Brazil with a bibliographic summary.The Hymenoptera Parasitica were collected in the Atlantic Forest biome from 2002 to 2021.
