Pumpkin seed ethanolic extract protects against escitalopram-induced reproductive toxicity in male mice

Objective:To investigate the protective role of pumpkin seed ethanolic extract against escitalopram-induced reproductive toxicity in male mice.Methods:Swiss albino male mice were randomly divided into five groups with six mice in each group.Group Ⅰreceived normal water orally,Group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand Ⅴreceived escitalopram oxalate(10 mg/kg),pumpkin seed extract(300 mg/kg)plus escitalopram oxalate(10 mg/kg),escitalopram oxalate(20 mg/kg),and pumpkin seed extract(300 mg/kg)plus escitalopram oxalate(20 mg/kg),respectively.All test doses were continuously administered orally once daily per animal body weight for 30 days and 60 days.Body weight and sexual organ weight were evaluated on day 31 and 61.Effects of pumpkin seed extract on sperm parameters,biochemical parameters and histology of testis were also investigated.Results:Escitalopram 10 or 20 mg/kg caused reproductive toxicity in male mice after 30 and 60 days of treatment.However,simultaneous administration of escitalopram oxalate(10 or 20 mg/kg)with pumpkin seed extract(300 mg/kg)attenuated escitalopram-induced testicular toxicity.Significant increase in the body weight and relative organ weight was observed.Sperm count,sperm motility and viability significantly increased(P<0.05).The histopathological alterations caused by escitalopram was also ameliorated.Conclusions:Ethanolic extract of pumpkin seeds(300 mg/kg body weight)protects again reproductive toxicity induced by escitalopram.Therefore,dietary intake of pumpkin seed extract might be useful for male patients who expose to antidepressant drug due to depression.

Grape Seed Procyanidin Extract Reduces Arsenic- Induced Renal Inflammatory Injury in Male Mice

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the ability and mechanism by which grape seed procyanidin extract （GSPE） relieves arsenic trioxide （As2O3）-induced renal inflammatory injury. Therefore, male Kunming mice were treated with As2O3 and/or GSPE by gavage for 5 weeks. Mice were then sacrificed and inflammatory cytokines of kidneys were examined by ELISA, whereas the expression levels of molecules involved in the nuclear factor （NF）-KB signaling pathway were evaluated by both qRT-PCR and Western blot. Our results indicate that GSPE prevents As2O3-mediated renal inflammatory injury by inhibiting activation of the NF-KB signaling pathway and inflammatory cytokine production, while promoting expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

No Evidence of Effect on Male Mice Germ Cells After Acute Treatment With Thiram

Thiram is a dithiocarbamate compound widely used for industrial processes and agriculture. Animal studies reveal that this compound may afftct the male reproductive system. Aim of this study was to test, using sensitive testicular parameters, whether thiram directly affects germinal cells. For this purpose, B6C3F1 mice were intraperitoneally injected with thiram in oil (single dose:75 mg/kg; repeated five daily doses: 25 mg/kg).Although both treatments were toxic, none of the parameters examined, i.e., testis weighi, spermatid head number,specific enzyme levels at different times after treatment (14, 28, 35, 56 days) showed significant variations from the controls, On the contrary, in the positive controls (treated with chlorambucil), a marked reduction of sperm head number as well as a deerease of lactate dehydrogenasex and sorbitol dehydrogenase activity letels were evidenced at day 28, with a tendency to recover at day 35. Under these conditions thiram did not cause cytotoxicity on differentiating spermatogonia and on late spermatocyte stages of mice gonads

Assessments of Immunological Activity of Achillea Millefolium Methanolic Extract on Albino Male Mice

Achillea millefolium （Asteraceae） is a permanent herb highly recognized in traditional medicine for its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation properties. However, studies on phytochemical constituents of A. millefolium underlying these properties are scarce. The present work focuses on examining the effect of methanol extract of A. millefolium L. on total and differential blood cells account on albino male mice. The results showed the methanol extract increased the account of lymphocyte, and monocyte cells, and total account as well as this extract showed high decrease in the oxidative stress of MTX after the interfere between the extract and MTX due to increase in the leucocyte cells compared with controls. Concluded from these results that methanol extract of A. millefolium has ability enhancement in leucocyte cells in the blood and it has detoxification effect of MTX.

Effects of Cow’s Milk on Reproduction in ICR Male Mice

Objective To study the effects of Cow＇s milk on the reproduction in male mice. Methods Twenty-four male mice were divided randomly into two groups： milk group （M） and control group （C）. Each mouse was given 10 mL milk per day from 4 to 16 weeks in the group M. At the age of 17 weeks, all the mice were sacrificed. Results Serum testosterone was decreased in the group M （P=0.037）. No significant difference was found in weight of testes, seminal vesicle or adrenal gland of mice between the groups C and M. However, the weight of seminal vesicle decreased when expressed in g/100 g body weight in the group M. Epididymal sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and sperm head number were not affected by milk. Conclusion Cow＇s milk has adverse effects on the reproductive system in ICR male mice. Further studies are needed to clarify the specific effects of milk on reproductive health.

Effect of apigenin on the reproductive system in male mice

This study aimed to characterize the effect of apigenin on the reproductive system in male mice. Adult male mice were treated with intraperitoneal injection of apigenin at the dose levels of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/kg.bw, 0.05% DMSO and 0.9% normal saline daily for seven days. Then, testis and epididymis sperms in sperm motility, sperm morphology, the percentages of ploidy cells and seminiferous epithelium cells at the cell-circle phase, and the ratio of ploidy cells were evaluated. The results showed that sperm density significantly reduced in the 25 mg/kg group compared with the solvent control group. The abnormal sperms were mainly amorphous;non-hook sperms took the second largest group;and banana, double-tail and folded-tail sperms were rare. Abnormal sperms were mainly in the head sperm. Moreover, after intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg apigenin, the percentage of 1C population increased, and the percentage of 4C declined, leading to a significant increase of the 1C:4C ratio, compared with the solvent and negative control groups. The percentage of seminiferous epithelium cells at the cell-circle phase of G0/G1 exhibited a significant increase in the 25 mg/kg group compared with the control groups. Taken together, that apigenin has adverse effects on the reproductive system in adult male mice is demonstrated.

Effects of Saikokaryukotsuboreito on Spermatogenesis ant Fertility in Aging Male Mice

Background： Aspermia caused by exogenous testosterone limit its usage in late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） patients desiring fertility. Saikokaryukotsuboreito （SKRBT） is reported to improve serum testosterone and relieve LOH-related symptoms. However, it is unclear whether SKRBT affects fertility. We aimed to examine the effects of SKRBT on spermatogenesis and fertility in aging male mice. Methods： Thirty aging male mice were randomly assigned to three groups, Mice were orally administered with phosphate-buffer solution or SKRBT （300 mg/kg, daily） or received testosterone by subcutaneous injections （10 mg/kg, every 3 days）. Thirty days later, each male mouse was mated with two female mice. All animals were sacrificed at the end of 90 days. lntratesticular testosterone （ITT） levels, quality of sperm, expression of synaptonemal complex protein 3 （SYCP3）, and fertility were assayed. Results： In the SKRBT-treated group, ITT, quality of sperm, and expression of SYCP3 were all improved compared with the control group （ITT： 85.50 ＋ 12.31 ng/g vs. 74.10 ±11.45 ng/g, P = 0.027; sperm number： [ 14.94 ± 4.63] × 106 cells/ml vs. [8.79±4.38] × 106 cells/ml, P = 0.002; sperm motility： 43.16 ± 9.93% vs. 33.51 ± 6.98%, P = 0.015; the number of SYCP3-positive cells/tubule： 77.50 ± 11.01 ng/ml vs. 49.30 - 8.73 ng/ml, P 〈 0.001 ; the expression of SYCP3 protein： 1.23± 0.09 vs. 0.84 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.001 ）, but fertility was not significantly changed （P 〉 0.05, respectively）. In the testosterone-treated group, ITT, quality of sperm, and expression of SYCP3 were markedly lower than the control group （ITT： 59.00 ±8.67, P = 0.005; sperm number： [4.34 ± 2.45] 100 cells/ml, P = 0.018： sperm motility： 19.53 ± 7.69%, P = 0.001 ; the number of SYCP3-positive cells/tubule section 71.98 ：k 8.88%, P= 0.001 ; the expression of SYCP3 protein： 30.00 ± 11.28, P 〈 0.001 ; the percentage of SYCP3-positive tubules/ 0.71± 0.09, P 〈 0.001 ）, and fertility was also suppressed （P 〈 0.05, respectively）. Conclusion： SKRBT had no adverse effect on fertility potential in aging male mice

Insulin/PI3K/AKt Signaling Pathway Mediates Cardiac Hypertrophy in FKBP12.6 Deficient Male Mice

Male mice deficient in FKBP12.6 display cardiac hypertrophy, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here we report that the cardiac hypertrophy is a physiological response

Androgen receptor deficiency in monocytes/ macrophages does not alter adiposity or glucose homeostasis in male mice

Androgen deprivation in men leads to increased adiposity, but the mechanisms underlying androgen regulation of fat mass have not been fully defined. Androgen receptor （AR） is expressed in monocytes/macrophages, which are resident in key metabolic tissues and influence energy metabolism in surrounding cells. Male mice bearing a cell-specific knockout of the AR in monocytes/macrophages （M-ARKO） were generated to determine whether selective loss of androgen signaling in these cells would lead to altered body composition. Wild-type （WT） and M-ARKO mice （12-22 weeks of age, n = 12 per group） were maintained on a regular chow diet for 8 weeks and then switched to a high-fat diet for 8 additional weeks. At baseline and on both the regular chow and high-fat diets, no differences in lean mass or fat mass were observed between groups. Consistent with the absence of differential body weight or adiposity, no differences in food intake （3.0 ± 0.5 g per day for WT mice vs 2.8 ± 0.4 g per day for M-ARKO mice） or total energy expenditure （0.6 ± 0.1 Kcal h-1 for WT mice vs 0.5 ± 0.1 Kcal h-1 for M-ARKO mice） were evident between groups during high-fat feeding. Liver weight was greater in M-ARKO than that in WT mice （1.5 ± 0.1 g vs 1.3 ± 0.0 g, respectively, P = 0.02）. Finally, M-ARKO mice did not exhibit impairments in glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity relative to WT mice at any study time point. In aggregate, these findings suggest that AR signaling specifically in monocytes/macrophages does not contribute to the regulation of systemic energy balance, adiposity, or insulin sensitivity in male mice.

中、高海拔雄性小鼠肝脏ACC1、CPT1A的变化及其对糖脂代谢的影响

目的探讨中、高海拔雄性小鼠肝脏ACC1、CPT1A的变化及其对糖脂代谢的影响。方法将雄性小鼠随机分为中海拔组(M组)和高海拔组(H组),再根据饲养天数分别分为第3d组、第7d组、第30d组,每组10只。分别在第3 d、第7 d、第30 d脱颈处死小鼠取血清测定胰岛素,并取适量肝脏组织用PCR、WB法测定CPT1A信使核糖核酸及蛋白水平、ACC1信使核糖核酸及蛋白水平。结果1)M组空腹血糖及空腹胰岛素水平在一定时间范围内随着时间延长逐渐升高,但H组空腹血糖及空腹胰岛素水平逐渐降低,且低于同时期的M组水平(P<0.05)。2)M组CPT1A信使核糖核酸水平随时间延长而逐渐降低,但H组随着时间延长无明显变化,且低于同时期的M组水平(P<0.05),第30d M组与第30d H组无差异;ACC1信使核糖核酸在M组随着时间延长逐渐升高、在H组随着时间延长逐渐降低,第3d M组明显低于H组。CPT1A蛋白水平在M组随着时间延长逐渐降低,在H组随着时间延长逐渐降低,且低于同时期的M组(P<0.05);ACC1蛋白水平在M组随着时间延长逐渐升高、在H组随时间延长逐渐降低(P<0.05)。3)CPT1A信使核糖核酸及蛋白水平与空腹胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗水平、胰岛素分泌指数水平正相关(P<0.05);ACC1信使核糖核酸水平与空腹胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗水平、胰岛素分泌指数水平负相关(P<0.05),ACC1蛋白水平与空腹血糖水平正相关、与胰岛素分泌指数水平负相关(P<0.05)。结论1)中海拔可降低雄性小鼠肝脏ACC1信使核糖核酸及蛋白水平,可升高CPT1A信使核糖核酸及蛋白水平;高海拔可增加雄性小鼠肝脏ACC1信使核糖核酸及蛋白水平、降低CPT1A信使核糖核酸及蛋白水平。2)雄性小鼠在高海拔急性低氧环境下的糖代谢和肝脏脂肪酸合成代谢增加;随低氧时间延长,糖代谢逐渐转换为脂肪酸合成代谢,表现为血糖降低、肝脏脂肪酸降低,分解代谢增强。

啶虫脒自由饮水暴露对雄性小鼠睾丸的损伤作用

目的 通过建立啶虫脒致雄性小鼠睾丸损伤模型,探究啶虫脒对雄性生殖系统的损伤作用。方法 选取SPF级C57BL6N雄性小鼠24只,将其随机分成4组,每组6只,分别设置为对照组(纯水)、低剂量组(0.64 mg·kg^(-1))、中剂量组(9.1 mg·kg^(-1))、高剂量组(18.2 mg·kg^(-1))。对雄性小鼠进行饮水染毒造模,持续染毒28 d。隔天称重,观察各组小鼠体质量的变化情况以及睾丸脏器系数的变化情况;通过精子涂片观察小鼠精子质量的变化情况;通过HE染色观察小鼠睾丸组织病理学变化情况。结果 啶虫脒染毒前后,各组小鼠体质量差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。与对照组相比,低、中、高剂量组小鼠睾丸脏器系数差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。通过小鼠的精子涂片,观察到随着染毒剂量的增加,精子数量逐渐减少,精子形态发生改变。HE染色结果显示,与对照组相比,低、中、高剂量组随着染毒剂量的增加可见精曲小管内细胞排列疏松,管腔内精子密度减小,且有部分细胞脱落。结论 啶虫脒染毒后可引起雄性小鼠睾丸生精细胞损伤,并导致精子数量减少,精子形态改变。

Protective Effect of Curcumin on Anxiety, Learning Behavior, Neuromuscular Activities, Brain Neurotransmitters and Oxidative Stress Enzymes in Cadmium Intoxicated Mice

Cadmium (Cd) exposure can induce acute lethal health-related threats to humans since it has an exceptional ability to accumulate in living organisms and cause toxicological effects. Curcumin (Cur) on the other hand has a wide variety of biological activities and several animal studies have suggested for a potential therapeutic or preventive effects against several ailments and infections. To study the effect of Cur on the toxicity of Cd, sixty Swiss-Webster strain male mice were divided into 6 groups of ten each at random. Group-1 served as the na?ve control and received no treatment. Group-2, 3 and 4 were the experimental controls and were administered once a day with a single oral dose of 50% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), Cur (300 mg/kg) or Cd (100 mg/kg) respectively, for 2 weeks. Group-5 and 6 received Cur and Cd in combination once a day orally for 2 weeks except that Cur in a dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg to group 5 and 6 respectively, was administered one hour before Cd (100 mg/kg) administration to both groups. After treatment period, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests and thereafter, the animals were sacrificed for the estimation of neurotransmitters like serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and it’s metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) as well as oxidative stress enzymes like lipid peroxides in the form of thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances (TBARS) and total glutathione (GSH) in the forebrain tissue. Cd reduced significantly the body weight gain, the locomotor activity, anxiety behavior in the plus maze and the learning capability (cognitive effect) in the shuttle-box test. Biochemical analysis further revealed that Cd exposure significantly altered the brain neurotransmitters and the oxidative stress enzymes. However, administration of Cur along with Cd had an ameliorating effect on all the behavioral and biochemical parameters studied herein and reduced the toxicity of Cd significantly and dose-dependently. Thus, Cur may be beneficial for anxiety, neuromuscular, and cognitive problems and protect from Cd intoxication.

Effects of Black Tea Extract on Transplantable and Solid Tumors in Swiss Albino Mice

The chemopreventive effects of green tea and its polyphenols are well documented in the literature. Epidemiological studies have suggested that green tea consumption might be effective in the prevention of certain human cancers. About 80% of the tea is consumed as black tea. Limited studies have been carried out to assess the usefulness of black tea as anti_carcinogen. The present set of investigations were initiated to study the anti_tumorigenic potential of aqueous black tea extract (ATE) in Swiss albino mice in \%in vivo\% animal bioassay, using 7, 12 dimethyl_benzanthracene (DMBA) as carcinogen. In the experimental group, 2% ATE was given orally as sole source of drinking water, while the control were allowed to drink normal water, \%ad lib.\% The results revealed that drinking of 2% ATE could effectively inhibit the onset of tumorigenesis, cumulative number of tumors and average number of tumors per mouse. In ATE drinking group 44% animals remained tumor free till the termination of experiment, i. e. 26 weeks. In the second set of experiment the preventive efficacy of 2% ATE of different cultivars of black tea, viz orthodox, CTC and dust were tested in Ehrlich Ascites (EA) tumor bearing mice. The preventive effects of ATE were observed in terms of increased life span (ILS). All the cultivars of tea showed more than 25% increase in life span of the animals. Cytotoxic effect of various doses of all three cultivars of black tea was also observed \%in vitro \%on EA cells.

Enhanced CD3^+/CD4^+ T Cell Activities and Modulation of Th1/Th2 Lineage Development in Irradiated Rats Due to Treatment with the Male Zooid of Antheraea Pernyi Extracts

Objective： Cancer patients undergoing large dose radiotherapy exhibit multifaceted defects in their immune capacity that are likely to contribute to an increased susceptibility to infections and disease progression. The immune impairment may also constitute a barrier to effective immunotherapeutic interventions. Here, we evaluate whether supplementation with the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts could enhance immune function in irradiated rats. Methods： Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group and a treatment group. The mice in the simple irradiation and treatment groups were given whole-chest irradiation with 6Gy. In the treatment group, the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts was gavaged at the doses of 16.53mg/kg （large dose group）, 2.62mg/kg （medium dose group）, and 0.564mg/kg （small dose group） once a day for 14 days. The thymus and spleen indices were calculated. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expressions of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 15th day. Results： The thymus index and spleen index of the high dose treatment group were statistically lower than that of the control group and higher than that of the radiation group （P〈0.01）. CD3＋ and CD4＋ T cells in the peripheral blood were increased in the high dose treatment group and decreased in the radiation group （P〈0.01）. Expression of IL-2 and INF-T in the radiation group was lower than that in control, and significantly increased during therapy. The production of IL-4 and IL-10 could be induced by radiation and was inhibited in the high dose treatment group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Our data indicate that the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts may be administrated to improve immune function in irradiated rats and reverse the radial immune inhibition of rats by stimulating the proliferation of Th ceils and inducing the differentiation of Th2 to Th1.

Effects of Exposure to Electromagnetic Field on of Some Hematological Parameters in Mice

Objective: To investigate the effects of electromagnetic fields on some hematological parameters of Male white mice. Methods: In this study two experiments were used as short-term and long-term experiments. Short-term experiments were carried out in 80 male white Balb/c mice exposed to two types of mobile phone for a period time up to 60 min a day for 2 weeks. Long-term experiments was carried out in 30 male white Balb/c mice exposed to two types of mobile phone for a period time up to 90 min a day for a day for a month, two months, three months. Result: The present result found that a decline in hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells count, in addition to the platelets count after short and long exposure to both types of mobile phone (Alcatel, Nokia,). It was observed that the average number of white cells and lymphocytes increased significantly, indicating the increase to the body’s immune response to radiation. Also, when exposed to both devices (Alcatel, Nokia) for 15 minutes, the red blood cells began to take roles formation due to an increase in the viscosity of the blood and the ability of the cells adhesion. Increased duration of exposure to 30-minute to both devices revealed disparities in the sizes of red blood cells with the appearance of a large proportion of cells with pale colors due to lack of hemoglobin. In the group exposed for 45 minutes showed clearly the influence of mobile phones on examining blood smears which observed a proportion variation in the cell sizes with the emergence of forms of abnormal forms, including pellets cleft with many areas empty of red blood cells, With increasing in of exposure duration to 60 minutes, red blood cells appeared completely different from the natural form and took the forms resembling the eye and tear that appear in the case of anemia. After three months of exposure to both types of mobile phone showed pathological changes in red blood cells where gripped the outer membrane of the red corpuscle changes and become serrated. Conclusion: Exposure to electromagnetic fields is responsible for the variations of some hematological parameters in rats.

高脂饮食对雄性小鼠骨密度、骨微结构及分形维数的影响

目的研究高脂饮食(high fat diet,HFD)雄性小鼠股骨骨密度、骨微结构及分形维数的改变。方法将3周龄雄性C57BL/6N小鼠按不同饮食分为正常饮食组(normal diet,ND)组和HFD组,在饲养过程中不同时间点采集样本。采血检测生化指标和糖代谢相关指标,对小鼠股骨进行骨小梁CT扫描,获得骨微结构及分形维数相关参数。结果与ND组比较,HFD组小鼠体质量(40.61±5.36 vs.54.69±2.28,P<0.05)、胆固醇(3.10±0.48 vs.5.33±0.80,P<0.05)、高密度脂蛋白(1.71±0.20 vs.2.15±0.14,P<0.05)和低密度脂蛋白(0.48±0.20 vs.1.10±0.21,P<0.05)在第24周后显著增加(P<0.05);股骨骨密度更低(0.15±0.02 vs.0.14±0.01,P<0.01)。骨微结构检测显示,HFD组小鼠股骨体积分数下降、骨小梁数量减少及厚度变薄,骨小梁分离度及模式结构指数增大,分形维数值下降。结论HFD雄性小鼠股骨骨量减少,骨微结构及FD下降。

跨膜4域亚家族成员6D基因敲除致雄性小鼠生育力降低实验研究

目的:探讨跨膜4域亚家族成员6D(Ms4a6d)基因敲除对雄性小鼠生育力的影响。方法:采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)鉴定小鼠基因型,将Ms4a6d^(-/-)雄鼠和野生型C57小鼠分别与同龄野生型雌鼠合笼交配,统计各组雌鼠怀孕产仔情况,收集睾丸组织,称重并计算器官指数,评估附睾尾精子数量、运动参数等变化情况,通过形态学分析和HE染色评估小鼠睾丸组织形态学变化,采用免疫荧光染色分析睾丸巨噬细胞变化。结果:Ms4a6d^(-/-)雄鼠子代数目显著低于WT雄鼠(P<0.05);Ms4a6d^(-/-)雄鼠睾丸体积及质量均减少(均P<0.05);Ms4a6d^(-/-)雄鼠附睾尾精子浓度下降(P<0.05),各项运动参数未见统计学差异(P>0.05);睾丸组织切片HE染色结果显示Ms4a6d^(-/-)雄鼠睾丸曲细精管直径及管腔厚度均明显减少,支持细胞、精原细胞、初级精母细胞及精子细胞均减少;免疫荧光结果显示Ms4a6d^(-/-)雄鼠睾丸巨噬细胞受到影响。结论:Ms4a6d基因敲除干扰了雄性小鼠睾丸的发育,并造成生精小管直径减少、厚度变薄,附睾尾部精子数量显著下降,从而使成年雄鼠的生育力显著下降。

三聚氰胺对雄性小鼠睾丸组织能量代谢及氧化应激的影响

目的初步探讨三聚氰胺对雄性小鼠睾丸组织能量代谢及氧化应激的影响。方法健康雄性昆明种小鼠50只,随机分为五组,每组10只,分别为阴性对照组(生理盐水:0.1 mL/10g体质量);三聚氰胺低、中、高剂量组(400、800、1600 mg/(kg体质量));阳性对照组(环磷酰胺:40 mg/kg体质量)。阴性对照组及各实验组小鼠经口灌胃给药,阳性对照组腹腔注射给药,各实验组均连续给药5 d。于首次给药后的第35天处死。ELISA法检测小鼠睾丸组织山梨醇脱氢酶(Sorbitol dehydrogenase,SDH)及乳酸脱氢酶(lactatedehydrogenase,LDH)活力;比色法测定并计算小鼠睾丸组织超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dimutese,SOD)活力、丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量。结果各实验组SDH活力呈下降趋势,与阴性对照组比较有差异(P<0.01/P<0.05);LDH活力呈下降趋势,其中高剂量组与阴性对照组比较有差异(P<0.05)。随着三聚氰胺染毒剂量的增加,SOD活力下降,各剂量组与阴性对照组相相比均有差异(P<0.01);MDA含量有上升趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论三聚氰胺可能引起小鼠睾丸组织能量代谢障碍及氧化损伤。

精子核周层的生理功能及其对男性不育的影响

重点聚焦人和小鼠的精子核周层:介绍了其结构特点、蛋白组成与组装方式;就精子核周层的生理功能进行了详细归纳与总结;对精子核周层蛋白编码基因突变与男性不育的关联进行了总结.结果表明:精子核周层具有激活卵子、保护精子细胞核和介导顶体锚定等重要生理功能;PLCZ1基因变异是卵子激活失败的主要遗传病因,Ccin基因变异可导致精子头部畸形,Actl7A/Actl9基因变异与精子顶体脱落和卵子激活失败等密切相关;该领域未来可能在精子核周层的新功能、“顶体内膜-精子核周层-核膜”蛋白复合体的结构生物学和精子核周层蛋白编码基因突变筛查等方面取得突破.

苯并(a)芘对雄性小鼠睾丸细胞周期的影响

目的 研究苯并 (a)芘对雄性小鼠睾丸细胞周期的影响。方法 采用流式细胞术研究雄性小鼠睾丸细胞周期。结果 不同剂量的苯并 (a)芘可以使睾丸细胞各时相的细胞百分数发生变化 ,随着苯并 (a)芘染毒剂量的增加 ,G0 /G1、S时相的细胞百分数明显减少 ,5 ,10 ,2 0mg/kg各剂量染毒组与阴性对照组比较差异具有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。G2 /M时相的细胞百分数逐渐增多 ,各剂量组与阴性对照组比较具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。结论 苯并 (a)芘可以抑制睾丸细胞的DNA合成 ,引起G2 期细胞阻滞 ,使细胞有丝分裂延迟。